2.8 Women and the Demographic Change

Total Fertility Rate (TFR):

• High in 1950s-1960s (over 5 children per woman).

• Declined to around 2.2 in 2020.

Role of Women:

• Evolving roles with more emphasis on education and work.

• Progress in politics, business, and academia.

Residential Distribution:

• Many women in rural areas.

• Steady urbanization trend.

Education:

• Increasing number of educated women.

• Rural-urban disparities exist.

Occupations:

• Engaged in various sectors including agriculture, healthcare, education.

• Growing presence in professional careers.

Political Participation:

• High voter turnout among women.

• Progress in local governance, ongoing efforts for national representation.

Women in India engaging in a more perfectional career (nurse)