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STRINGS: Instruments with strings that are plucked or played with a bow
STRINGS: Instruments with strings that are plucked or played with a bow
Terms strings use:
pizzicato (pizz) - pluck with the fingers
arco - play with the bow (only used if the player has previously been instructed to pluck)
sul G - play on the G string
sul D - play on the D string
slur - play all the notes in the slur with one bow-stroke
V - bowing direction for up- bow
Con sordini / avec sourdines - with mutes
Senza sordini / sans sourdines - without mutes
Uses the treble clef and its lowest note is G (below middle C)
Mostly uses the alto clef and lowest note is C (below middle C)
Mostly uses the bass clef and lowest note is C (2 octaves below middle C)
Mostly uses the bass clef and its lowest note is E (nearly three octaves below middle C)
WOODWIND: Instruments that are blown using a reed or a hole in a mouthpiece
WOODWIND: Instruments that are blown using a reed or a hole in a mouthpiece
Uses the treble clef
Uses the treble clef and has a similar but slightly lower range to the flute
Uses the treble clef and goes a little lower than the flute and oboe
Mostly uses the bass clef
BRASS: Instruments that are blown by vibrating the lips in a mouthpiece
BRASS: Instruments that are blown by vibrating the lips in a mouthpiece
Like string instruments - brass instruments use mutes to soften the sound they produce: con sordini/avec sourdines
or senza sordini/sans sourdines
Uses the treble clef
Uses the treble clef and sometimes called the French Horn
Mostly uses the bass clef
Uses the bass- clef
PERCUSSION (tuned/definite pitch): Instruments that are struck
PERCUSSION (tuned/definite pitch): Instruments that are struck
Timapani
Plays notes of a definite pitch and is sometimes called the kettle drum
PERCUSSION (untuned/indefinite pitch): Instruments that are struck
PERCUSSION (untuned/indefinite pitch): Instruments that are struck
Plays notes of indefinite pitch (untuned) and is sometimes called the snare drum
Plays notes of indefinite pitch (untuned).
Plays notes of indefinite pitch. They can either be clashed together or hit with a beater
TEST YOURSELF SECTION
TEST YOURSELF SECTION
Name the four sections of the orchestra
Name the four sections of the orchestra
Strings section or family
Woodwind section or family
Brass section or family
Percussion section or family
Come up with a mnemonic to remember the four sections.
Come up with a mnemonic to remember the four sections.
E.g. Ships
With
Big
Pirates
S W B P...
What is the smallest instrument in the STRING family and which clef does it use?
What is the smallest instrument in the STRING family and which clef does it use?
Violin - treble clef
What is the largest instrument in the STRING family and which clef does it use?
What is the largest instrument in the STRING family and which clef does it use?
Double bass - bass clef (but plays an octave lower)
Which stringed instrument used the alto clef?
Which stringed instrument used the alto clef?
viola
Name the four stringed instruments in the orchestra from smallest to largest and name the clef they use.
Name the four stringed instruments in the orchestra from smallest to largest and name the clef they use.
violin (treble clef) , viola (alto clef) , cello (bass clef) , double bass (bass clef)
What does the term con sordini or con sord. mean? And which instrument(s) would this instruction be for?
What does the term con sordini or con sord. mean? And which instrument(s) would this instruction be for?
It means play with a mute and can be for STRINGS or BRASS
What does senza sord. mean?
What does senza sord. mean?
Without mutes
What does the term pizzicato or pizz. mean?
What does the term pizzicato or pizz. mean?
Pluck the strings with your fingers
What does the term arco mean?
What does the term arco mean?
Play with the bow
How do you show that you want a musician to play with an up bow or a down bow?
How do you show that you want a musician to play with an up bow or a down bow?
An up bow uses an upside down triangle without the roof, , a down bow is three sides of a square (sides and top)
What does sul G mean?
What does sul G mean?
Play this note on the G string
How would a stringed instrument play a slur?
How would a stringed instrument play a slur?
Play those notes all in one bow.
What does sul ponticello mean?
What does sul ponticello mean?
Play near the bridge
Which instruments make up a string quartet?
Which instruments make up a string quartet?
2 Violins, viola and cello
What is the smallest instrument in the brass family and which clef does it use?
What is the smallest instrument in the brass family and which clef does it use?
trumpet - treble clef
Name two brass instruments that use the treble clef
Name two brass instruments that use the treble clef
horn and trumpet
What is the largest instrument in the brass family and which clef does it use?
What is the largest instrument in the brass family and which clef does it use?
Tuba , bass clef
Name two brass instruments which use the bass clef
Name two brass instruments which use the bass clef
Tuba and trombone
Name the brass instruments from largest to smallest and which clef they use.
Name the brass instruments from largest to smallest and which clef they use.
Tuba (bass clef) Trombone (bass clef) Horn (treble clef) Trumpet (treble clef)
Name two families of the orchestra that can play con sordini
Name two families of the orchestra that can play con sordini
Strings and brass
What does senza sord. mean?
What does senza sord. mean?
without mutes
Which two brass instruments can be transposing instruments and what does this mean?
Which two brass instruments can be transposing instruments and what does this mean?
Trumpet and horn: trumpet in Bb means when they read a
note C on the stave, the note that will sound is a Bb.
You might also see a trumpet in A which means when they read the note C
on the stave, the note they will actually sound in an A.
If you’re writing music for a trumpet in Bb you’ll have to write the notes a
major second higher.
And if you’re writing music for a trumpet in A you’ll have to write the notes a
minor third higher.
What note would actually sound for a Horn in F when it played the written note C
What note would actually sound for a Horn in F when it played the written note C
F
Name three woodwind instruments that use the treble clef
Name three woodwind instruments that use the treble clef
Flute, oboe, clarinet
Name one woodwind instrument that uses the bass clef
Name one woodwind instrument that uses the bass clef
Bassoon
Name the woodwind instruments from smallest to largest and say which clef they use
Name the woodwind instruments from smallest to largest and say which clef they use
Flute - treble, clarinet - treble clef, oboe - treble clef, bassoon - bass clef
Name a single reed instrument and explain how the sound is made
Name a single reed instrument and explain how the sound is made
Clarinet - by blowing between a reed and the mouthpiece
Name two double reed instruments and explain how the sound is made
Name two double reed instruments and explain how the sound is made
Oboe and bassoon - by blowing between two reeds
Which one woodwind instrument is a transposing instrument?
Which one woodwind instrument is a transposing instrument?
Clarinet - either in B flat or A
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