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The key concepts in ELT are as follows:
Semantic theory is the study of meaning in language. It deals with how words and phrases acquire meaning, how they are used to convey meaning, and how they are interpreted by speakers and listeners.
Sociocultural theory is a theory of learning that emphasizes the role of social interaction and culture in learning. It argues that learners acquire language through their interactions with others in a particular social context.
Universal grammar is a hypothetical set of principles and rules that are believed to be innate in all humans and that form the basis for all languages. It is thought that universal grammar allows children to learn language more easily than they would otherwise be able to.
Input hypothesis is a theory of second language acquisition that states that learners acquire language by being exposed to comprehensible input, which is language that is slightly beyond their current level of proficiency.
Critical period hypothesis is a theory that suggests that there is a limited period of time during which children are able to acquire language naturally. After this period, it becomes more difficult to learn a language.
Interaction hypothesis is a theory that states that learners acquire language through interaction with others. This interaction can help learners to negotiate meaning, correct their errors, and develop their fluency.
Output hypothesis is a theory that states that learners acquire language by producing it. This production can help learners to consolidate their knowledge of the language and to develop their fluency.
Noticing hypothesis is a theory that states that learners must be aware of a linguistic feature in order to learn it. This awareness can be promoted by providing learners with feedback on their errors and by encouraging them to focus on specific linguistic features.
Memory (Human) is the ability to store and retrieve information. It is an important part of language learning, as learners need to be able to store new vocabulary and grammar rules in their memory in order to use them.
Match the concept on the left with the definition on the right.
Concept / Definition
................. Semantic theory
...................Sociocultural theory
...................Universal grammar
...................Input hypothesis
...................Critical period hypothesis
...................Interaction hypothesis
...................Noticing hypothesis
...................Memory
...................Output hypothesis
1. A theory that states that learners must be aware of a linguistic feature in order to learn it. This awareness can be promoted by providing learners with feedback on their errors and by encouraging them to focus on specific linguistic features.
2. A theory of second language acquisition that states that learners acquire language by being exposed to comprehensible input, which is language that is slightly beyond their current level of proficiency.
3. A theory of learning that emphasizes the role of social interaction and culture in learning.
4. The study of meaning in language.
5. A theory that states that learners acquire language through interaction with others. This interaction can help learners to negotiate meaning, correct their errors, and develop their fluency.
6 A hypothetical set of principles and rules that are believed to be innate in all humans and that form the basis for all languages.
7 A theory that states that learners acquire language by producing it. This production can help learners to consolidate their knowledge of the language and to develop their fluency.
8 The ability to store and retrieve information. It is an important part of language learning, as learners need to be able to store new vocabulary and grammar rules in their memory in order to use them.
9. A theory that suggests that there is a limited period of time during which children are able to acquire language naturally. After this period, it becomes more difficult to learn a language.
True or false?
True or false?
Semantic theory is concerned with how words and phrases acquire meaning. True or False?
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Sociocultural theory argues that learners acquire language through their interactions with others in a particular social context. True or False?
................................Universal grammar is a set of principles and rules that are believed to be innate in all humans. True or False?
The input hypothesis states that learners acquire language by being exposed to comprehensible input. True or False?
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,The critical period hypothesis suggests that there is a limited period of time during which children are able to acquire language naturally. True or False?
...........................The interaction hypothesis states that learners acquire language through interaction with others. True or False?
................................The output hypothesis states that learners acquire language by producing it. True or False?
...........................The noticing hypothesis states that learners must be aware of a linguistic feature in order to learn it. True or False?
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Memory is the ability to store and retrieve information. True or False?
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Memory is not an important part of language learning. True or False?
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
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