4.2 Political Processes

include timeline maps of your country before it became a state until to what it is today. 

include specific historical examples of nationalism that led to your country’s independence

• Scottish Independence Movement (1707-2014):

  • Background: Union of Scotland and England in 1707 forming the Kingdom of Great Britain.

  • Nationalism: Late 20th-century momentum led to the 1999 establishment of the Scottish Parliament and the 2014 independence referendum.

  • Outcome: The 2014 referendum resulted in a "No" vote, with 55% choosing to remain in the United Kingdom.

• Irish War of Independence (1919-1921):

  • Background: Ireland was part of the UK until the early 20th century, with a contentious Home Rule movement.

  • Nationalism: The Irish War of Independence was fueled by Irish nationalism, seeking an independent republic.

  • Outcome: The 1921 Anglo-Irish Treaty led to the establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922; Northern Ireland remained part of the UK.

Determine if your country was affected by colonialism and if so what type of colonialism (early or later) refer to the textbook

Yes, the United Kingdom was deeply involved in colonialism, and it experienced both early and later phases of colonial expansion.

1. Early Colonialism:

• Age of Exploration: During the 16th and 17th centuries, the UK (primarily England) engaged in early colonial endeavors. Explorers like Sir Walter Raleigh and Sir Francis Drake contributed to the establishment of colonies in the Americas, including the Roanoke Colony in present-day North Carolina.

• East India Company: The British East India Company, chartered in 1600, played a significant role in establishing trade and British influence in the Indian subcontinent.

2. Later Colonialism:

• 19th Century Imperialism: The 19th century witnessed a new wave of colonialism, often referred to as the "Scramble for Africa" and the "New Imperialism." During this period, the UK expanded its colonial holdings in Africa, Asia, the Pacific, and the Caribbean.

• British Empire: At its height, the British Empire was the largest empire in history, covering vast territories across Africa, Asia, the Americas, and Oceania. Notable colonies included India, Australia, Canada, Hong Kong, and many African nations.

determine if there are any examples of decolonization with your country

• Scottish Parliament: In 1999, the Scottish Parliament was established, marking a significant devolution of powers to Scotland. This move allowed Scotland to govern certain domestic affairs independently.

• Welsh Assembly: Similarly, Wales saw the establishment of the National Assembly for Wales in 1999, granting the Welsh government authority over certain policy areas.

• Northern Ireland Assembly: Although there were earlier attempts, the Belfast Agreement (Good Friday Agreement) in 1998 led to the establishment of the Northern Ireland Assembly, allowing for local governance.

Determine if there was any forms of genocide in your country or any civil war within your country.

As of recent times no there hasn't been any form of genocide or civil war but there are some similar to one. 

English Civil War (1642-1651):

• While not a civil war in the traditional sense of different ethnic or national groups within a single state, the English Civil War was a conflict between royalists supporting King Charles I and parliamentarians advocating for parliamentary sovereignty.

• The war had profound political, religious, and social implications for England, and it led to the temporary establishment of the Commonwealth of England under Oliver Cromwell.

Irish Civil War (1922-1923):

• Following the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921 and the establishment of the Irish Free State, internal divisions emerged over the terms of the treaty. The Irish Civil War ensued between pro-treaty forces (National Army) and anti-treaty forces (Irregulars).

• While this conflict primarily took place in Ireland, it had implications for the relationship between Ireland and the United Kingdom.