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Describe the properties and behavior of an object that exhibits both particle and wave behavior.
Describe the properties and behavior of an object that exhibits both particle and wave behavior.
15.1.A.1 Quantum theory was developed to explain observations and behaviors of matter that were unexplainable using classical mechanics. These phenomena include atomic spectra, blackbody radiation, and the photoelectric effect.
15.1.A.1 Quantum theory was developed to explain observations and behaviors of matter that were unexplainable using classical mechanics. These phenomena include atomic spectra, blackbody radiation, and the photoelectric effect.
- 15.1.A.1.i Quantum theory is necessary to describe the properties of matter at atomic and subatomic scales. At the human scale, classical physics is an accurate approximation of quantum behavior.
- 15.1.A.1.ii In quantum theory, fundamental particles can exhibit both particle-like and wave-like behavior.
- 15.1.A.2 Light can be modeled as a wave as well as discrete particles, called photons.
- 15.1.A.2.i A photon is a massless, electrically neutral particle with an energy that is proportional to the photon’s frequency.
- 15.1.A.2.ii Photons travel in straight lines unless they interact with matter.
- 15.1.A.2.iii The speed of a photon depends on the medium through which the photon travels.
- 15.1.A.2.iv The speed of all photons in free space is [equal to the classical speed of light?] c = 3108m/s .
- 15.1.A.2.v In general, the speed of photons through a given medium is inversely proportional to the index of refraction of that medium.
15.1.A.3 Particles are able to demonstrate wave properties, as shown by variations of Young’s double-slit experiment.
15.1.A.3 Particles are able to demonstrate wave properties, as shown by variations of Young’s double-slit experiment.
- 15.1.A.3.i A wave model of matter is quantified by the de Broglie wavelength that increases as the momentum of the particle decreases.
- 5.1.A.3.ii All observations within classical mechanics are derived from large scale approximations of quantum behaviors. Quantum mechanics is necessary to describe systems where the de Broglie wavelength is comparable to the size of the system.
15.1.A.4 Values of energy and momentum have discrete values (in other words, they are quantized) for bound systems described by quantum mechanics.
15.1.A.4 Values of energy and momentum have discrete values (in other words, they are quantized) for bound systems described by quantum mechanics.
15.1.A.5 It is not possible to measure all quantities simultaneously to arbitrary accuracy in quantum mechanics.
15.1.A.5 It is not possible to measure all quantities simultaneously to arbitrary accuracy in quantum mechanics.
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