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Describe the refraction of light between two media.
Describe the refraction of light between two media.
14.4.A.1 Refraction is the change in direction of a light ray as it passes from one medium into another.
14.4.A.2 Refraction is a result of the speed of light changing when the light enters a new medium.
14.4.A.3 The index of refraction of a given medium is inversely proportional to the speed of light within the medium.
14.4.A.4 Snell’s law relates the angles of incidence and refraction of a light ray passing from one medium into another to the indices of refraction of the two media.
14.4.A.4.i When light travels from a medium with a higher index of reflection into a medium with a lower index of refraction, the ray of light refracts away from the normal.
14.4.A.4.ii When light travels from a medium with a lower index of reflection into a medium with a higher index of refraction, the ray of light refracts towards the normal.
14.4.A.4.iii When light is incident along the normal to a surface, the transmitted ray is not refracted.
14.4.A.5 Total internal reflection may occur when light passes from a medium into another medium with a lower index of refraction.
14.4.A.5.i Total internal reflection of light occurs beyond a critical angle of incidence.
14.4.A.5.ii For incident rays at the critical angle, the refracted ray is at 90 degrees and travels along the surface of the material.
14.4.A.5.iii For incident rays beyond the critical angle, all light is reflected (no light is transmitted into the other medium).
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