(VC Guideline 2.3; 2.5; 3.2; 3.3; 4.5; 5.1)
The second referee performs his/her functions standing outside the playing court near the post, on the opposite side of and facing the first referee (Diagram 10).
24.2.1 The second referee is the assistant of the first referee but has also his/her own range of jurisdiction (Rule 24.3).
Should the first referee become unable to continue his/her work, the second referee may replace the first referee.
24.2.2 The second referee may, without whistling, also signal faults outside his/her range of jurisdiction but may not insist on them to the first referee.
24.2.3 The second referee controls the work of the scorer(s). (VC Guidelines 7.2; 7.3)
24.2.4 The second referee supervises the team members on the team bench and reports their misconduct to the first referee. (VC Guideline 5.2; 5.5)
24.2.5 The second referee controls the players in the warm-up areas (Rule 4.2.3).
24.2.6 He/she authorizes the regular game interruptions, controls their duration, and rejects improper requests.
24.2.7 The second referee controls the number of time-outs and substitutions used by each team and reports the 2nd time-out and 5th (11th) and 6th (12th) substitutions to the first referee and the coach concerned.
24.2.8 In the case of an injury of a player, the second referee authorizes an exceptional substitution (Rule 15.7) or grants a 3-minute recovery time (Rule 17.1.2).
24.2.9 The second referee checks the floor condition, mainly in the front zone. He/she also checks, during the match, that the balls still fulfill the regulations.
24.3.1 At the start of each set, at the change of courts in the deciding set, and whenever necessary, the second referee checks that the actual positions of the players on the court correspond to those on the line-up sheets. (VC Guidelines 7.2)
24.3.2 During the match, the second referee decides, whistles and signals:
24.3.2.1 penetration into the opponent’s court, and the space under the net (Rule 11.2)
24.3.2.2 positional faults of the receiving team (Rule 7.5; VC Guidelines 7.4)
24.3.2.3 the faulty contact of the player with the net primarily (but not exclusively) on the blocker’s side and with the antenna on his/her side of the court
24.3.2.4 the completed block by back row players or the attempted block by the Libero; or the attack hit fault by back row players or by the Libero
24.3.2.5 the contact of the ball with an outside object
24.3.2.6 the contact of the ball with the floor when the first referee is not in position to see the contact
24.3.2.7 the ball that crosses the net totally or partly outside of the crossing space to the opponent’s court or contacts the antenna on his/her side of the court
24.3.2.8 the served ball and the 3rd hit passing over or outside the antenna on his/ her side of the court.
24.3.3 At the end of the match, he/she checks and signs the scoresheet.