Short answer questions are generally open-ended questions that require students to construct a concise response.
You are required to identify:
What the questions are asking you to consider
Any techniques that emphasise the ideas being presented
Students will be provided with 4-6 unseen texts. These texts can be fiction (short stories, extracts from novels) or nonfiction (images, poetry, articles).
Students are asked to answer a series of questions on these texts.
These questions are related to the Common Module: Texts and Human Experiences
Short answer questions marks can range from (1 mark) to (7 marks)
If a question is worth more, you are expected to write more.
Do not waste your time identifying 5 different techniques if the question is only worth 2 marks!
MAKE A POINT. Write a topic sentence - cause and effect statement about the human experience represented in the text. Must conceptually answer the question (and use words from the question).
Evidence plus analysis that elaborates (composer intent / effect on responders)
Linking sentence that restates the theme (for longer responses - 5-7 marks).
Analyse how the text depicts a human experience.
The human capacity for curiosity can open up new possibilities. The positive aspect of people's inquisitiveness is depicted in this painting through the body language of the central figure. The salient element of a young woman peering into a box that she is cautiously opening reflects the inquisitive nature of humanity, as well as the hesitancy we sometimes experience when faced with a new experience. The tonal contrast between the dark woods in the background and light pinks of the persona's dress and skin in the foreground suggests the positive rewards that curiosity can bring to the individual.
• The symbol of the film reel and the colour yellow represent light shining on the open mind, suggesting the positive experience of sharing stories.
• The images of butterflies represent freedom, supported by the text ‘let’s stop the stigma’, suggesting the importance of sharing stories about mental illness.
• The bright colour palette of the Sydney Film Festival poster conveys the positivity of shared experiences told through film.
Both posters represent the idea that despite our diversity we are united in our capacity to share and receive stories about our experiences through film. The Sydney Film Festival poster represents a collective emotional experience through its composition of the multicoloured symmetric figures that fill the frame and this is supported by the text, or tag-line, that reinforces a shared experience with the word ‘together’. The Miami Film Festival poster centers the silhouette of a single figure with symbols of film reels revealing the interiority of the individual, suggesting the power of film to express private thoughts that can be illuminating when shared through stories. While the Sydney Film Festival image represents a collective experience and the Miami Film Festival represents the personal experience, both suggest that telling stories through film is a positive human experience.
Moving on to new experiences can result in people experiencing a sense of hesitation because they are leaving a familiar existence and entering the unknown. This notion is explored by the poet through the metaphor of a “sidewalk” that “ends” representing the end of the familiar and a “street” that “begins” representing the unfamiliar. These contrasting features of a regular suburban landscape emphasise that experiences ending and new experiences beginning are natural and parallel to one another. The hesitation attached to this is developed by the poet’s evocative visceral imagery, strong imperatives, and use of alliteration that suggest people need encouragement to “leave this place where the smoke blows back”. Because the streets are dark and they wind and bend it is hard for people to envisage what lies ahead and this creates a sense of trepidation. This trepidation is then extended into the third stanza, wherein the poet heralds our need to be able to foresee what new experience entails through the metaphor of “the chalk-white arrows”, which accentuates that we yearn for direction of any sort and in our hesitation even directions sketched in chalk are acceptable.
Experiences affect us emotionally.
Experiences teach us and we learn from experiences.
Experiences change our behaviour.
We do not always react rationally to experiences - this causes the paradoxes, anomalies and inconsistencies in our behaviour.
Experiences can have a positive effect.
Experiences can have a negative effect
Shared experiences connect people and create a sense of belonging and affinity.
Experiences lead to new behaviours.
Major events can alter behaviour of whole societies.
Often it is only through time and reflection that we can understand how an experience has changed the way we see a situation.
A person's context and prior experiences shape how they perceive the world.
Our experiences shape the way we see other people.
People respond more strongly with emotion than logic to many human experiences.
Storytelling is a particularly human way of communicating our experiences and making meaning of our life.
Stories bring meaning to our lives and explain our existence and purpose.
We all have a seemingly innate need for narratives to make sense of our lives.
Narrative can either confirm our world view or alter our world depending on the experiences they convey.
Adverse experiences build resilience so the next negative experience isn't as traumatic.
When we coexist within an institution, inevitably the individual experience is intertwined within a collective experience, as is showcased in the stage notations provided by Harrison for the play Stolen.
Of greatest significance in this play, it would appear from the notations, is that responders acknowledge the harrowing experiences of the five individuals represented. The character list which leads the notations not only showcases the individual story of each stolen child but also provides poignant, emotive descriptions of each character: Jimmy is ‘shamed’, Ruby feels ‘abandoned’, Shirley is a ‘nurturer’, Sandy belongs nowhere and Anne is eventually bewildered. Evidently, each child has a markedly different experience and outcome as a result of being Aboriginal children from the stolen generation.
Amplified through symbolism and a raw metaphor, Jimmy’s story stands out in particular as being an individual one. His individual experience is highlighted because Harrison has his bed face a different direction to the others and in turn it serves as a prison – which is where ‘a mischievous boy/shamed older boy/ and tormented man will spend much of his time. Another example of such – and in complete contrast to Jimmy – is the bed of Anne, which has much prettier bedspreads because her story is laced with the undertones of denial of heritage due to being adopted by white people. Harrison’s sympathetic tone when describing the girl who was “too young to understand” again showcases the individual experience of those who were adopted. Nonetheless, her identity is inextricably linked to those of the other characters because she is undeniably an indigenous Australian and this immediately joins her to them.
The nature of the collective experience as a cold and miserable one is immediately evoked in Harrison’s description of the “five old iron institutional beds” which are essentially within a children’s home, which is the context of the collective experience represented. Focusing on this aspect, the collective experience is common to the children - Harrison explains in a blunt, didactic paragraph – because “they were all ‘stolen’ and placed in a children’s home, although not necessarily at the same time”. Despite this note – which is laden with ambiguity, Harrison goes on to state that the children (during the play) “interact as though they were all in there together”. This paradox is an integral feature utilised by Harrison to lead readers towards an awareness that a collective experience does not necessarily have to be experienced at the same time but more so evoke the same emotions and produce the same qualities in individuals who have been a part of this collective.
I note the obvious differences
in the human family.
Some of us are serious,
some thrive on comedy.
Some declare their lives are lived
as true profundity,
and others claim they really live
the real reality.
The variety of our skin tones
can confuse, bemuse, delight,
brown and pink and beige and purple,
tan and blue and white.
I've sailed upon the seven seas
and stopped in every land,
I've seen the wonders of the world
not yet one common man.
I know ten thousand women
called Jane and Mary Jane,
but I've not seen any two
who really were the same.
Mirror twins are different
although their features jibe,
and lovers think quite different thoughts
while lying side by side.
We love and lose in China,
we weep on England's moors,
and laugh and moan in Guinea,
and thrive on Spanish shores.
We seek success in Finland,
are born and die in Maine.
In minor ways we differ,
in major we're the same.
I note the obvious differences
between each sort and type,
but we are more alike, my friends,
than we are unalike.
We are more alike, my friends,
than we are unalike.
We are more alike, my friends,
than we are unalike.