被動語態的基礎動詞結構由be動詞+Vpp

進行式

• 進行式是將被動語態中的be動詞改成進行式beV+being (be動詞的現在分詞)。故基本結構為be + being + Vpp  (紅色的be要依據人稱時態調整，否定句與疑問句也由這個be動詞來改)

  • 現在進行式 am / is / are +being + Vpp，例如:
    (肯) The bridge is being built.  那座橋正在(被)蓋。
    (否) The bridge isn't being built.
    (疑) Is the bridge being built?

  • 過去進行式 was /were +being + Vpp，例如:
    (肯) The bridge was being built when we visited this town.  當我們之前來這個小鎮拜訪時，那座橋還正在(被)蓋。
    (否) The bridge wasn't being built when we visited this town.
    (疑) Was the bridge being built when we visited this town?

完成式

• 完成式則是將被動語態中的be動詞改成have + been (be動詞的過去分詞)。故基本結構為have + been + Vpp  (紅色的have要依據人稱時態調整，否定句與疑問句也由這個have來改或是更前面的助動詞)

  • 現在完成式 have / has +been + Vpp，例如:
    (肯) The bridge has been built. 那座橋現在已經蓋好了。
    (否) The bridge hasn't been built.
    (疑) Has the bridge been built?

  • 過去完成式 had +been + Vpp，例如:
    (肯) The bridge had been built when he moved to this town. 當他搬到鎮上時，那座橋已經蓋好了。
    (否) The bridge had'n't been built when he moved to this town.
    (疑) Had the bridge been built when he moved to this town?

  • 未來完成式 will have +been + Vpp，例如:
    (肯) The bridge will have been built by the end of this month. 那座橋在這個月底前會蓋好。
    (否) The bridge won't have been built by the end of this month.
    (疑) Will the bridge have been built by the end of this month?