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yoginI f. a female demon or any being endowed with magical power , a fairy , witch , sorceress (represented as eight in number and as created by Durga and attendant on her or on Siva ; sometimes 60 , 64 or 65 are enumerated) Hariv. Katha; N. of Durga ; (with Tantrikas) a partic. Shakti ; (with Buddhists) a woman representing any goddess who is the object of adoration. (Monier Williams Dictionary)
Chaunsath Yogini temple, 10th century, near Bhuvaneshwar
Sage Parashara explains the yogini dasha in his classic Brihat Parashara hora shastra
पूर्वमेव मया प्रोक्ता वर्णदाख्या दशा द्विज । इदानीं शम्भुना प्रोक्ता कथ्यते योगिनी दशा॥ १९५॥
मङ्गला पिङ्गला धन्या भ्रामरी भद्रिका तथा । उल्का सिद्धा संकटा च योगिन्योऽष्टौ प्रकीर्तिताः॥ १९६॥
मङ्गलातोऽभवच्चन्द्रः पिङ्गलातो दिवाकरः ।धन्यातो देवपूज्योऽभूद् भ्रामरीतोऽभवत् कुजः॥ १९७॥
भर्दिकातो बुधो जातस्तथोल्कातः शनैश्चरः । सिद्धातो भार्गवि जातः संकटातस्तमोऽभवद्॥ १९८॥
जन्मर्क्ष च त्रिभिर्युक्तं वसुभिर्भागमाहरेत् । एकादिशेषे विज्ञेया योगिन्योः मङ्गलादिकाः॥ १९९॥
pūrvameva mayā proktā varṇadākhyā daśā dvija |
idānīṁ śambhunā proktā kathyate yoginī daśā || 195||
maṅgalā piṅgalā dhanyā bhrāmarī bhadrikā tathā |
ulkā siddhā saṁkaṭā ca yoginyo'ṣṭau prakīrtitāḥ || 196||
maṅgalāto'bhavaccandraḥ piṅgalāto divākaraḥ |
dhanyāto devapūjyo'bhūd bhrāmarīto'bhavat kujaḥ || 197||
bhardikāto budho jātastatholkātaḥ śanaiścaraḥ |
siddhāto bhārgavi jātaḥ saṁkaṭātastamo'bhavad || 198||
janmarkṣa ca tribhiryuktaṁ vasubhirbhāgamāharet |
ekādiśeṣe vijñeyā yoginyoḥ maṅgalādikāḥ || 199||
195-199. Maharishi Parashar said. O Brahmin! I have already given you the description of Panch Swar Dasha. Now I will acquaint you with the Yogini Dasha, as described by Lord Mahadeva. There are 8 Yoginis, namely Mangal, Pingal, Dhanya, Bhramari, Bhadrika, Ulka, Siddha and Sankat.
Candr, Surya, Guru, Mangal, Budh, Sani, Sukr and Rahu are born from them. Add 3 to the Janm Nakshatr and divide it by 8. The remainder will indicate the Yogini Dasha of Mangal, etc. The Dashas are of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 years. The balance of Dasha at birth should be worked out from the Bhayat and Bhabhog etc., as already explained earlier.
- maṅgalā/मङ्गला
- piṅgalā/पिङ्गला
- dhanyā/धन्या
- bhrāmarī/भ्रामरी
- bhadrikā/भद्रिका
- ulkā/उल्का
- siddhā/सिद्धा
- saṁkaṭā/संकटा
The corresponding graha's associated with them are Moon,Sun,Jupiter,Mars,Mercury,Saturn,Venus,Rahu ruling a duration of 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 and 8 years.
This dasa is of very tantric nature and origin. To understand this dasa it's essential to understand the each of the eight yogini's on a broad level and 64 of yogini's in the next level.
For a beginning it would be good idea to read about these yoginis. Here are some links describing the yogini temples,
http://indiatemple.blogspot.com/2005/12/chaunsath-yogini-temple.html
The above images from following site
http://www.hindu.com/fr/2003/10/17/stories/2003101701580900.htm
The yogini's are created everytime the Divine mother wants to destroy evils, Various accounts are given from the above site,
"1) Markandeya Purana gives an interesting account of the origin of the great goddess and Yoginis as Matrkas. They were asked to assist Durga in her war against Raktabija a demon king who would multiply from each drop of his blood shed on the ground. Such was the dreadful boon he had managed to get. The yoginis, directed by Durga, drank all the drops of blood before they could touch the ground and the demon was killed.
2) The Mahabhagavata purana records that Mahadeva delineates the residence of Kali as a vast city with a wall having four gates facing the four directions. Seated in the middle on a lion-throne is the Goddess, attended by 64 yoginis and Bhairavas who are entrusted with the protection of the city.
3) But most exciting is the account presented in Matsya purana. Andhaka, an asura, was terrorising the whole universe. Once he attacked Kailasa in an attempt to capture Umadevi. Siva countered with his Pasupata Astra. But due to a boon (a la Raktabija) innumberable demons of sprang up from the blood pouring from his wounds. Siva created several divine mothers who drank all the blood and the demon was destroyed. But this led to a new problem. The mothers went on rampage and Siva sought the help of Narasimha, who created 32 mothers, more formidable.
Unable to withstand their power the forms created by Siva went to Narasimha who advised them to nurture and guard the universe. They should assist Parasakthi in her divine work.
The cult of 64 yoginis as well as its occult and secret practices and philosophy are methodised by Matsyendranath (8th to 10th century AD) in his magnum opus, Kaulajnananimaya. "
Another source mentions the names of the sixty four yogini's (REF: http://orissagov.nic.in/e-magazine/Orissareview/oct2004/englishPdf/originoftantricism.pdf)
sixty-four yoginis are associated with sixty-four kalas, sixty-four Ratibandhas, sixtyfour Bhairava, sixty-four Nayika and sixty-four emotion of human-being. Name of these sixtyfour yoginis -
1. Chhaya,
2. Maya,
3. Narayani,
4. Brahmayani,
5. Bhairavi,
6. Maheswari,
7. Rudrayani,
8. Baseli,
9. Tripura,
10. Ugratara,
11. Charchika,
12. Tarini,
13. Ambika Kumari,
14. Bhagabati,
15. Nila,
16. Kamala,
17. Santi,
18. Kanti,
19. Ghatabari,
20. Chamunda,
21. Chandrakanti,
22. Madhavi,
23. Kachikeswari,
24. Anala,
25. Rupa,
26. Barahi,
27. Nagari,
28. Khechari,
29. Bhuchari,
30. Betali,
31. Kalinjari,
32. Sankha,
33. Rudrakali,
34. Kalavati,
35. Kankali,
36. Bukuchai,
37. Bali,
38. Dohini,
39. Dwarini,
40. Sohini,
41. Sankata Tarini,
42. Kotalai,
43. Anuchhaya,
44. Kechamukhi Samuha,
45. Ullaka,
46. Samasila,
47. Mudha,
48 Dakhinai,
49. Gopali,
50. Mohini,
51. Kamasena,
52. Kapali,
53. Uttarayani,
54. Trailokya Byapini,
55. Trilochana,
56. Nimai,
57. Dakeswari,
58. Kamala,
59. Ramayani,
60. Anadi Shakti,
61. Balakshatrayani,
62. Brahmani, 63. Dharani
and sixty-four. Matangi.
All these names of sixty-four yoginis are described in Chandi Purana of Sarala Das.
As I get more material on this topic I would put them on this page.
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