Unit 1 Part 1: Atomic Theory

Essential Questions:

• 1. What is the composition of an atom?

  2. What are the basic principles of atomic theory?

  3. How did the modern concept of the atom begin, including different models of the atom?

  4. How is the electron cloud organized in the modern model of the atom?

  5. What are isotopes?

  6. How are isotopes designated in hyphen and symbol notation?

  7. How do you determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons given the designation of an isotope?

  8. Describe the similarities and differences between the isotopes of an element.

  9. How is the electron cloud organized in the modern model of the atom?

  10. What are isotopes?

  11. How are isotopes designated in hyphen and symbol notation?

  12. How do you determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons given the designation of an isotope?

  13. Describe the similarities and differences between the isotopes of an element. How is average atomic mass calculated?

  14. How is the electron cloud organized in the modern model of the atom?

  15. Why is an understanding of the electron configuration important?

  16. What are the rules for writing electron configurations?

  17. What are the similarities and differences between electron configuration notation, orbital notation, and noble gas notation?

  18. What is Lewis dot notation?

  19. Compare inner shell and valence electrons.

GSE:

SC1. Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information about the use of the modern atomic theory and periodic law to explain the characteristics of atoms and elements.

a. Evaluate merits and limitations of different models of the atom in relation to relative size, charge, and position of protons, neutrons, and electrons in the atom.

b. Construct an argument to support the claim that the proton (and not the neutron or electron) defines the element’s identity.

c. Construct an explanation based on scientific evidence of the production of elements heavier than hydrogen by nuclear fusion.

d. Construct an explanation that relates the relative abundance of isotopes of a particular element to the atomic mass of the element.

e. Construct an explanation of light emission and the movement of electrons to identify elements.

f. Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms (i.e. including atomic radii, ionization energy, and electronegativity).

g. Develop and use models, including electron configuration of atoms and ions, to predict an element’s chemical properties.

Vocabulary Unit 1 part 1 – Atomic Theory: (Use your outlines and text to define these terms)

1. Nuclear fusion

2. Nuclear fission

3. Element

4. Compound

5. Matter

6. Mass

7. Volume

8. Average atomic mass

9. Atomic number

10. Mass number

11. Isotope

12. Ground state

13. Excited state

14. Aufbau principle

15. Hund’s rule

16. Pauli’s exclusion principle

17. Electron configuration

18. Orbital

Recommended Reading: (These textbook pages will supplement the information covered in class)

Chapter 4 - (page 100) Atomic Structure

Chapter 5 - (page 126) Electrons in Atoms

The Atom - Part 1: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nREEvRphFLo

The Atom Part 2: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wLmtgQO108s

How small is an atom (TED ED) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQP4UJhNn0I

http://edtech2.boisestate.edu/lindabennett1/502/Periodic%20Table%20e%20config/electron%20configuration.html (Writing electron configurations - great site!)

http://mathcentral.uregina.ca/beyond/articles/ExpDecay/Carbon14.html (Carbon-14 dating: Math site)

https://www.radiocarbon.com/about-carbon-dating.htm (New site for radiocarbon dating!)

https://www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/dating-rocks-and-fossils-using-geologic-methods-107924044/ (Dating rocks and fossils older than 60,000 years)

https://home.cern/science/physics/higgs-boson (Higgs Bozon - the god particle)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IElHgJG5Fe4 Higgs Boson videos

https://www.britannica.com/science/Millikan-oil-drop-experiment (Millikan's oil droplet experiment)

https://www.britannica.com/science/quark (Types of quarks)

https://particleadventure.org/ (The naming of quarks)

John Dalton webpage

http://www.chemheritage.org/discover/chemistry-in-history/themes/the-path-to-the-periodic-table/dalton.aspx

Emission Spectrum links

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/physics-and-astronomy/emission-spectra

http://astronomy.nmsu.edu/nicole/teaching/ASTR110/lectures/lecture19/slide02.html

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1uPyq63aRvg (Emission and Absorption spectra)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=apuWi_Fbtys (Emission spectra and the Bohr model of the atom)

Bozeman site: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1uPyq63aRvg

ACS Landmarks in Chemistry Timeline - https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/whatischemistry/landmarks/landmarks-timeline.html

Glow Stick Chemistry! https://naaweb.org/images/STEMGems-GlowOnTryThis.pdf

Emission spectrum of Oxygen

http://teachertube.com/viewVideo.php?video_id=81917&title=John_Dalton (John Dalton Clip)

http://teachertube.com/viewVideo.php?video_id=81899 (William Crookes)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4QAzu6fe8rE (Cathode Ray Tube experiment)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XMfYHag7Liw (Millikan's Oil Droplet experiment)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBqHkraf8iE (Rutherford's gold foil experiment)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HnmEI94URK8 (Chadwick's discovery of the neutron)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U1iWE2SVjEc&feature=endscreen&NR=1 (Cathode tube)

http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/electron-configurations-in-atomic-energy-levels.html#lesson (Electron configuration page w/ video)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y-CtMCAFugs (Flame test lab video)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TbFehcC4MHc (Spectral lines video)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2AFPfg0Como (electron configuration video)

http://spectrum.ieee.org/semiconductors/optoelectronics/the-leds-dark-secret (LED link good info)

http://study.com/academy/lesson/ground-state-electron-configuration-definition-example-quiz.html (Electron configuration extension activity - Study.com)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rcKilE9CdaA (The electron video - 12.5 min)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NSAgLvKOPLQ (History of atomic models timeline video)

Watch this one! (below...)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=thnDxFdkzZs (History of atomic theory 9 min - good!)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KWAsz59F8gA (Nuclear chemistry and radioactivity)

http://montessorimuddle.org/2012/02/01/emission-spectra-how-atoms-emit-and-absorb-light/ (Good emission spectrum website)

http://www.explainthatstuff.com/vacuumflasks.html (How a vacuum flask works)

https://www.space.com/29269-pillars-of-creation-3d-view-demise-video.html (Pillars of creation 3-d video)

https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/oct/17/mit-nuclear-fusion-record-marks-latest-step-towards-unlimited-clean-energy (MIT nuclear fusion research)

https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/news/the-energy-of-the-future-the-status-of-nuclear-fusion-research-and-the-role-of-the-iaea (IAEA fusion research)

https://www.space.com/20930-dark-matter.html (What is dark matter?)

https://geneticliteracyproject.org/2014/04/08/dna-nanorobots-deliver-medicine-inside-cockroaches-form-nanocomputer/ (DNA and nanobots)

http://www-numi.fnal.gov/public/story.html (Fermi and the neutrino)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9mNty-HMBPk TSAR Bomba description

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kZ1vYtm7WXg TSAR Bomba - A brief history

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VI2Dqqpu6iw TSAR Bomba Discovery Channel Segment