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Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
According to Maslow, before individuals can fulfil their growth needs (e.g. of self-actualization), their deficiency needs (which can only be met by external sources, including needs for belonging and esteem) have to be satisfied (Maslow, 1943, 1973, 1987).
‘The Courage to Teach’ by Parker J. Palmer
o “The way we diagnose our students’ conditions will determine the pedagogical ‘prescription’ we offer. Rather than reply on stereotypical interpretations of student behaviour, we need to understand and decode the fear that often drives their lives.”
o N.B. the theories and strategies are not recipes but depend on the students we work with: select from a buffet of theories what is most appropriate
Social Contexts of Development
o c.f. Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Theory
o N.B. MOE would be an example of a part of the exosystem
o Technology (and other contexts) can transcend various systems (i.e. the concentric circles)
o The microsystem has the strongest impact on the individual
Diana Baumrind’s Typology of Parenting Styles
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