Les pronoms relatifs
Exemples :
The scientist who discovered the cosmic background revolutionized our conception of the universe.
The physicist whom you met yesterday has been given an award.
The chemist whose laboratory is under scrutiny by the Justice department may be sent to prison.
The person to whom I must address this report has left the country.
A : ENTOURER le pronom relatif approprié.
1. More is at stake than just the fate of research workers in France, many
of which/who/whose/ whom /that have seen their wages decline over the past ten years.
2. The trade unions, which/who/whose/ whom /that are still relatively strong in Britain, want
to see more job-creation schemes.
3. Mexico and Costa Rica have started to repatriate large numbers of
migrant labourers, many of which/who/whose/ whom /that are working illegally in California.
4. Besides Microsoft, which/who/whose/ whom /that dominates the world’s software industry,
Seattle is home to Boeing, the jets of which/who/whose/ whom /that carry more than 3.5m passengers each day.
5. A mass of resignations, without any serious attempt to establish which/who/whose/ whom /that bribed which/who/whose/ whom /that, would suggest that the CEO’s main priority is personal survival.
6. Intellectuals, it seems, can strike a chord, yet they by no means
wholly reflect the feelings of a people two-thirds of which/who/whose/ whom /that say there are too many undocumented immigrants in the country.
7. The state, what/which/who/whose/ whom /that spending accounts for no less than 55% of GDP, must no longer aspire to run everything itself. It must give private initiative the room for manoeuvre without what/which/who/whose/ whom /that the country will never move forward.
8. Everyone should have access to a general education, what/which/who/whose/ whom /that is often the best way to acquire that range of diverse skills what/which/who/whose/ whom /that enables people to adapt to future changes over the course of their lives.
9. Nobody seems to know what/which/who/whose/ whom /that benefits from the current welfare system, let alone whether the new system will work or not.
10. Bull-fighting in Spain is still what/which/who/whose/ whom /that cricket is to the British or what/which/who/whose/ whom /that baseball is to Americans: poetry, philosophy, pride.
11. Ask your average Frenchman what/which/who/whose/ whom /that he plans to vote for in the European election, and he comes out with a disgruntled “nobody”.
12. The real question is less what/which/who/whose/ whom /that will succeed Mr Brown than what/which/who/whose/ whom /that sort of creature his successor will be.
13. The Home Secretary is one of the few cabinet ministers what/which/who/whose/ whom /that political stock has undoubtedly gone up since the election. For a man what/which/who/whose/ whom /that was once considered one of Labour’s less effective performers in opposition, that is quite an achievement.
14. Of the 1,513 passengers who died on the Titanic, 125 were Lebanese, all of what/which/who/whose/ whom /that were emigrating to America.
15. The term animism what/which/who/whose/ whom /that is derived from the Latin word anima meaning breath or soul is probably one of man's oldest beliefs, with its origin most likely dating to the Paleolithic age. From its earliest beginnings it was a belief what/which/who/whose/ whom /that a soul or spirit existed in every object, even if it was inanimate. In a future state what/which/who/whose/ whom /that was referred to as a soul or spirit would exist as part of an immaterial soul. The spirit, therefore, was thought to be universal.
B) 1. what/which/who/whose/ whom /that is the name of the ex-president whose nickname was “The Gipper”?
2. Washington, what/which/who/whose/ whom /that was also a famous general during the War of Independence, became the first President of the United States in 1789.
3. The Prime minister, what/which/who/whose/ whom /that has been in power for three years, has just resigned.
4. P.D. James, what/which/who/whose/ whom /that latest novel is probably her best, is a
famous British novelist.
5. In Philadelphia, what/which/who/whose/ whom /that is in Pennsylvania, you
can see Independence Hall where the Declaration of Independence was
signed.
6. The president what/which/who/whose/ whom /that you were referring to yesterday and what/which/who/whose/ whom /that dropped the bomb on Japan, was Harry Truman.
7. Cecilia Bartoli, what/which/who/whose/ whom /that latest album came out last month, is probably one of the world’s greatest singers.
8. The science of genetics, what/which/who/whose/ whom /that progress has been
spectacular lately, is likely to shed light on many of life’s secrets.
9. Thanks to the Chunnel, what/which/who/whose/ whom /that was opened in 1994, travelling from Paris to London takes only three and a half hours now.
10. Lobbyists, what/which/who/whose/ whom /that powers with Congressmen are enormous, help shape the domestic agenda of the US administration.
11. Have you heard of a new invention what/which/who/whose/ whom /that is going to revolutionize brain surgery?
12. Have you read any books by Pr. F. Troll what/which/who/whose/ whom /that writes on problems of digestion what/which/who/whose/ whom /that can lead to great complications in later life?
13. There are two types of goblins, one what/which/who/whose/ whom /that plays practical jokes on people, and one what/which/who/whose/ whom /that likes to lead people up the garden path.
14. The ideas what/which/who/whose/ whom /that have formed the scientific worldview of our generation are the product of two major intellectual revolutions, what/which/who/whose/ whom /that are tantamount to two significant reorientations in scientific thought. The first, what/which/who/whose/ whom /that is associated with the names of Darwin, Wallace, Huxley, and Haeckel, spread the notion of evolution, of change, growth, and development, from its focus in biological investigation to swift domination of the entire climate of opinion of the age. (J. H. Randall)
15. The second, what/which/who/whose/ whom /that has been carried through by the genius of Einstein, Planck, de Broglie, Heisenberg, and Schrodinger, introduced a novel set of fundamental concepts and principles into mathematical physics, and has puzzled our generation with the theory of relativity, quantum and wave mechanics, and the triumphs and mysteries of the structure of the atom what/which/who/whose/ whom /that still baffle many of us.
16. Achievements what/which/who/whose/ whom /that share these two characteristics I shall henceforth refer to as ‘paradigms.’ The study of paradigms is what/which/who/whose/ whom /that mainly prepares the student for membership in the particular scientific community within what/which/who/whose/ whom /that he will later practice. Because the student there joins others what/which/who/whose/ whom /that learned the bases of their field from the same concrete models. The person’s subsequent practice will seldom evoke overt disagreement over fundamentals. Workers what/which/who/whose/ whom /that research is based on shared paradigms are committed to the same rules and standards for scientific practice.