物理量と定数の値

物理量と単位

Force : newton (N) = (kg m s-2)

Energy : joule (J) = (N m) = (kg m2 s-2)

Power : watt (W) = (J s-1) = (kg m2 s-3)

Pressure : pascal (Pa) = (N m-2) = (kg m-1 s2)

1 (mb) = 1 (hPa)

1 (hPa) = 100 (Pa)

1000 hPa = 100 (kPa)

500 hPa = 50 (kPa)

kPa(キロパスカル)は著者が英国人の本でよく使われている

kelvin (K) = oC + 273.15

1o (angle) = (pi/180) radians

1 nautical mile = 1.852 km (参考: 1 statute mile = 1.609 km)

1 knot (kt) = 1 naut. mile/hr = 1.852 km/h = 0.514 m/s

１海里(nautical mile)とは緯度１分の距離

1 knot で進む船は1時間に緯度で1分進むことができる。

Astronomical Constants

Average radius of the Earth : 6356 km

Standard gravitational acceleration : 9.80665 m s^-2

Air and Water

Standard sea level pressure (p₀) 1013.25 hPa

Molar mass, dry air (m_d) 28.9655 kg kmol^-1

Molar mass, water (m_w) 18.0153 kg kmol^-1

Gas constant, dry air (R_d) 287.047 J kg^-1 K^-1

Gas constant, water vapor (R_v) 461.5 J kg^-1 K^-1

Heat Capacity at constant pressure, dry air (C_p) 1005 J kg^-1 K^-1

Heat Capacity at constant volume, dry air (C_v) 718 J kg^-1 K^-1

Heat Capacity, liquid water 4186 J kg^-1 K^-1

Density, pure water (ice) at 0^oC 917 kg m^-3

Density, pure water (liquid) at 0^oC 1000 kg m^-3

Density, pure water (liquid) at 100^oC 958 kg m^-3

Latent heat of fusion, ice (L_f) 3.34 x 10⁵ J kg^-1

Latent heat of vaporization, water (L) at 0^oC 2.50 x 10⁶ J kg^-1

Latent heat of vaporization, water (L) at 100^oC 2.27 x 10⁶ J kg^-1

Fortran90での表記例

real,parameter::Lv=2.5*1.e6

! Lv: Latent heat of vaporization, water at 0 degC (J kg-1)

real,parameter::Rv=461.0

! Rv: gas constant, water vapor (J kg-1 K-1)

real,parameter::Rd=287.047

! Rv: gas constant, dry air (J kg-1 K-1)

real,parameter:: cp=1005.0

! cp: specific heat at constant pressure (J kg-1 K-1)

! kappa=Rd/cp

real,parameter::kappa=0.2854