Unit 4: Transoceanic Interconnections

Unit 4 - Students will be able to explain:

• The cross-cultural interactions resulted in the diffusion of technology and facilitated changes in patterns of trade and travel from 1450 to 1750.

• The role of states in the expansion of maritime exploration from 1450 to 1750.

• The economic causes and effects of maritime exploration by the various European states.

• The causes of the Columbian Exchange and its effects on the Eastern and Western Hemisphere.

• The process of state building and expansion among various empires and states in the period from 1450 to 1750.

• The continuities and changes in economic systems and labor systems from 1450 to 1750.

• The changes and continuities in systems of slavery in the period from 1450 to 1750.

• How rulers employed economic strategies to consolidate and maintain power throughout the period from 1450 to 1750.

• The continuities and changes in networks of exchange from 1450 to 1750.

• How political, economic, and cultural factors affected society form 1450 to 1750.

• The similarities and differences in how various belief systems affected societies from 1450 to 1750.

• The effects of the development of state power from 1450 to 1750.

• How social categories, roles, and practices have been maintained or have changed over time.

• How economic developments from 1450 to 1750 affected social structures over time.

  • • The Interconnection of the Eastern and Western Hemispheres made possible by transoceanic voyaging, transformed trade and had a significant social impact on the world.

    • Knowledge, scientific learning, and technology from the Classical, Islamic, and Asian worlds spread, facilitating European technological developments and innovation.

    • The developments included the production of new tools, innovations in ship designs, an improved understanding of regional wind and currents patterns--all of which made transoceanic travel and trade possible.

• Although the world's productive systems continued to be heavily centered on agriculture, major changes occurred in agricultural labor, the systems and locations of manufacturing, gender and social structures, and environmental processes.

• • • The demand for labor intensified as a result of the growing global demand for raw materials and finished products. Traditional pleasant agriculture increased and changed in nature, plantations expanded, and the Atlantic slave trade developed and intensified.

    • Empires achieved increased scope and influence around the world, shaping and being shaped by the diverse populations they incorporated.

    • Economic disputes led to rivalries and conflict between states