Technology Frameworks

There are many frameworks available when planning how to integrate technology into lesson plans. While the Department of Educational Technology has not officially adopted a framework for schools to use, the models below can serve as a guide when deciding how to integrate technology.  

TPACK Framework

When integrating technology, we can look to exemplar models to provide a framework for the best practices to provide the best educational experience for students. The TPACK Framework is an excellent guide to help incorporate technology into the classroom.

The TPACK framework was introduced by Punya Mishra and Matthew J. Koehler of Michigan State University in 2006. They show the complex interplay of the three primary forms of knowledge: Content (CK), Pedagogical (PK), and Technological (TK). The framework was designed in a Venn Diagram to show how the three forms of knowledge intersect with one another to provide successful technology integration.

The center of the diagram, known as TPACK, represents the full understanding of how to teach with technology. The purpose of this is to show how to use technology to teach concepts in a way that enhances the student learning experience.

It is imperative that all three forms of knowledge are considered when designing a lesson plan for students. One must include Content Knowledge, Pedagogical Knowledge, and Technological Knowledge when lesson planning to ensure the students have the best possible lessons.



This image is a Venn Diagram that demonstrates the three components that make up the TPACK model. They are Technological Content Knowledge,, Technological Pedagogical Knowledge, and Pedagogical Content Knowledge.
Image from www.tpack.org 

TPACK RESOURCES

TPACK Website - Links to explanations, examples, and readings to help you increase your understanding of the TPACK model.

“What is Successful Technology Integration?” - From Edutopia looks at integrating technology into teaching and learning. 


SAMR Framework

The Substitution Augmentation Modification Redefinition Model offers a method of seeing how computer technology might affect teaching and learning. It also shows a progression that adopters of educational technology often follow as they progress through teaching and learning with technology.  

While one might argue over whether an activity can be defined as one level or another, the important concept to grasp here is the level of student engagement. One might well measure progression along these levels by looking at who is asking the important questions. As one moves along the continuum, computer technology becomes more important in the classroom but at the same time becomes more invisibly woven into the demands of good teaching and learning.

This image is a graphical representation of the SAMR Model using the ocean as an example. It starts with Substitution on the left with the person on the beach. Augmentation would be the guy in a canoe in the water. Modification is the guy as a diver and Redefinition is him in a submarine. It represents how going farther down integrates the technology deeper the farther you go.
Sketchnote from the amazing Sylvia Duckworth https://sylviaduckworth.com 
This image shares examples of how to reach the SAMR model levels using Google. For Substitute, teachers can collect student data by using forms instead of paper pencil, they can create a slideshow instead of a poster, they can make a digital illustration, and they can collect and organize data. Under Augmentation, you can use comment features to critique writing samples, you can create presentations with multimedia, you can use Google Forms to create a quiz, and you can create charts to illustrate data. For Modification, you can use multimedia to serve as a backdrop for new design, you can create hyperdoc syllabus complete with links to outside sources, and you can collect and link student recordings and data for portfolios. For redefinition, you can use forms to create a choose your own adventure, you can create an ebook with google slides, and you can create a comic strip, mind map, or other illustration to summarize a story.
Image from Mike Peck.  

SAMR Examples with Google

This image shows ways you can move up the SAMR framework using Google Workspace applications. Each stage of the framework shows how you can use different Google apps to integrate technology into your lesson plan. These are great sparks to start ideas on how you can adapt them for your subject and grade level.

SAMR RESOURCES

Emerging Ed Tech - Shares examples of actual lessons and how they can be adjusted to move from Substitution to Redefinition.  

Common Sense Education - Shares how SAMR aligns to Blooms Taxonomy.