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The 4 part Processor is comprised of the Phonological Processor, the Orthographic Processor, the Meaning Processor, and the Context Processor. All of the pieces work together to provide guidance regarding the underlying processes involved in how we decode unfamiliar words. These processes carry out work in different areas within the left hemisphere of the brain to decode and help us understand words in text.
(Based on Seidenberg & McClelland, 1989)
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Click here for a Glossary of Terms
Click here for a Glossary of Terms
Phoneme:
a phoneme is a unit of sound that distinguishes one word from another in a particular language
Orthographic Mapping:
mental process we use to efficiently store words for instant, effortless retrieval
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Click Here for Online Resources(Everything shown is directly linked to the actual site.)
4 Part Processor At-a-Glance:
Four processes that are active in the reading brain including: phonological, orthographic, meaning, and context processors
How the brain reads and recognizes words
Instruction addresses ALL processors in order to strengthen each processor as all processors work together
4 Part Processor Approach:
4 Part Processor Approach:
Phonological Processor (where Phonemic awareness occurs)
Speech Sound System
Language Input and Output
Orthographic Processor (our memory for storing letters and recognizing words)
Reading Input
Writing Output (graphos meaning "writing")
Meaning Processor (where we interpret word meanings)
Vocabulary
Meanings of Words
Context Processor (where we interpret the correct meaning of a word)
Sentence structures
Text structures
Background knowledge
Dr. Tolman explains how the 4-part processor was the foundation for her hourglass image.
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