7.13.D:  describe and give examples of how natural and artificial selection change the occurrence of traits in a population over generations.

Describe

HOW NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL SELECTION CHANGES THE OCCURRENCE OF TRAITS IN POPULATIONS OVER GENERATION

Including, but not limited to:

• Natural selection

• Mechanisms: 

  • Fitness – ability to survive and reproduce

  • Variation – Individuals in a population are different in some ways.

  • Inheritance – Offspring get their traits from their parents.

  • Selection – breeding

  • Time – evolution

  • Adaptation – change

  • Mutation – change in the structure of molecules that make up genes, called DNA

• Examples:

  • Long neck of a giraffe

  • Beaks of birds

• Artificial selection

  • Mechanisms:

    • Selective breeding – breeding controlled by humans

  • Examples:

    • Pigeons – fancy feathers and acrobatic flight

    • Breeding dogs

    • Broccoli

    • Cabbage

    • Cauliflower

    • Wheat