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Hormones

FSH and LH from the pituitary:

Females

FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)

A) Causes Egg maturation: Stimulates maturation of follicle and ova.

B) Stimulates follicle to produce Estrogen. Estrogen is responsible for the following:

Overall female characteristics
Changes at puberty (breasts, hips, hair)
(Repair after menstruation) thickening of uterine lining.

LH (Luteinizing Hormone)

A) Causes follicle to burst and ova to leave (ovulation) fertilization in 12-24 hours!

B) Causes the follicle to turn into the corpus luteum.

The corpus luteum makes...

1) Progesterone (the hormone of pregnancy)

Progesterone promotes nutrition secretion from oviduct walls
Progesterone quiets uterus
Progesterone promotes development of ducts in breasts
Progesterone promotes growth of endometrium

2) More Estrogen

Progesterone and Estrogen:

1) P and E Cause further growth of endometrium

2) P and E increase blood supply to uterus and endometrium

3) P and E inhibit FSH and LH - prevents maturation of other ova.

The embryo is responsible for making a hormone similar to LH that maintains the corpus luteum. The corpus luteum only lasts 10 to 12 days. The corpus luteum provides the progesterone and estrogen that maintain the developing embryo.

Later, the placenta produces progesterone and estrogen and the corpus luteum is no longer needed.

If the egg is not fertilized, no implantation occurs, and the embryo does not make LH. Thus, the corpus luteum regresses, (it only lasts 10-12 days) and levels of progesterone fall allowing menstruation to occur.

Males

FSH regulates the development of sperm.

LH stimulates the production of Androgens (testosterone)

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