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The Nazis heavily censored any forms of free speech and the creative arts. Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels created the Reich Chamber of Culture in 1933 which censored newspapers, radio, theatre and cinema, and any other visual arts such as paintings and photography. If someone wanted to work in this area, they had to apply for membership. Any work not aligned with Nazi Ideology would cause a membership to be cancelled and the loss of employment. Self-censorship was common.
Source 1- Berlin Book May 10, 1933
The Nazis made a great display of censoring books. Mass book burnings took place in 1933. “Un-German” books were assembled and torched, mostly those by Jewish or Communist authors. Source 1 (right) shows 22,000 books being burned in Berlin in May 1933. The Nazis had only been in power for 3 months Berlin and the Gleichschaltung was well under way
Over the first few years of Nazi rule, most newspapers were taken over or shut down by the Nazis. The Editors Law of 1933 had already made it clear that newspapers could only print Nazi approved information. Jewish and communist writers were all fired. Journalist were required to be members the Nazi run Reich Association of German Press. All news sources were merged into the German News Agency, which provided Nazi propaganda to the newspapers. Daily meetings were held to let editors of newspapers know what stories to run or what photos to print.
Source 2- Nazi Book Burning
Source 3
Activity
Activity
Using Source 1, 2 & 3, explain how censorship was used by the Nazis (4 marks)
You have 10 minutes
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