Deborah Phyllis (Grossman) Katz (born 1948)
Wikipedia 🌐 NONE
Born November, 1948
Married to Dr. Alfred Judah Katz (born 1937)
Children include Dr. Rebecca Lynn Katz (born 1973)
ASSOCIATIONS
Dr Anthony Stephen Fauci (born 1940) (Deborah Katz has been working for Dr. Fauci for 30 years at the NIAID)
Dr. Ann Cornwall Collier (born 1953) ( AZT testing / guidance in 1980s, 1990s... )
( ... )
Biographies
Contact / Directory info
2020 (July 14) - Twitter @RebeccaKatz5
"My mom worked for Tony Fauci for 30 yrs. Growing up, she used his name as a household directive. “Tony says clean your room” meant you absolutely had to do it."
"I’ve known since I was a young kid, you do what Tony says. Wear a mask. Avoid crowds Wear masks Keep distance Wash hands #IStandWithFauci #FauciatGU "
Birth Date:Nov 1948Residence Date:1995-2020Address:10401 Grosvenor Pl Apt 1607Residence:Rockville, Maryland, USAPostal Code:20852Second Residence Date:1983-2004Second Address:61 Chelfield RdSecond Residence:Glenside, Pennsylvania, USASecond Postal Code:19038Third Residence Date:1983-2000Third Address:7 Hitching Post CTThird Residence:Rockville, Maryland, USAThird Postal Code:20852Fourth Residence Date:2000Fourth Address:10401 Gorsvorpl 1607 Apt 1607Fourth Residence:Rockville, Maryland, USAFourth Postal Code:20852
Deborah G Katz timeline
1970 - Graduation from University of Connecticut, B.S.
1972 (March 29) - Marriage to Deborah Phyllis Grossman
1981 (April 25) - Husband Alfred J. Katz receives top role at Red Cross in Bethesda, Maryland (near NIH headquarters)
https://www.newspapers.com/image/368571006/?terms=%22alfred%20katz%22&match=1
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(is this the job posting ? https://www.newspapers.com/image/377630371/?terms=executive%20director%20american%20red%20cross&match=1 )
1981 (June 05) - Early days of AIDS epidemic in USA
Source : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK232417/pdf/Bookshelf_NBK232417.pdf (Dr. Alfred J. Katz mentioned along with Dr. Roger Y. Dodd (mentioned here - https://www.newspapers.com/image/377917496/?terms=%22roger%20dodd%22&match=1 )
"The Risk of AIDS Starting with the identification of 26 homosexual men with opportunistic diseases in June 1981, the CDC's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report became the source for reports of the epidemic. By July 1982, enough cases had occurred with common symptomatology to name the new disease ''acquired immune deficiency syndrome" (AIDS). By January 1983, epidemiological evidence from CDC's investigations strongly suggested that blood and blood products transmitted the agent causing AIDS and that the disease could also be transmitted through intimate heterosexual contact. The conclusion that the AIDS agent was blood-borne was based on two findings. First, AIDS was occurring in transfusion recipients and individuals with hemophilia who had received AHF concentrate; these patients did not belong to any previously defined group at risk for contracting AIDS. Second, the epidemiologic pattern of AIDS was similar to hepatitis B, another blood-borne disease."
...
"The syndrome that came to be called AIDS was first noticed in homosexual men in 1981, but within a year epidemiologic evidence suggested that AIDS might also be a threat to recipients of blood and blood products. Several blood banks, blood collection agencies, and blood product manufacturers (i.e., plasma fractionators) took some actions to increase blood safety (e.g., donor education and screening to exclude known high-risk groups; terminating plasma collection from prisons; and encouraging autologous donations to reduce the risk of infection as early as January 1983), yet thousands of individuals and members of their families became infected before the implementation of a blood test for HIV in 1985"
...
"The first cases of the disease that would come to be known as AIDS came to light as early as October 1980, when Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) was diagnosed in several young homosexual men in Los Angeles. These and similar cases (21 in all) were reported in the following year (CDC, MMWR, June 5, 1981). Shortly thereafter, on July 3, 1981, the CDC reported five new cases of PCP in homosexual men in New York City, Los Angeles, and San Francisco (CDC, MMWR, July 3, 1981). Both KS and PCP are opportunistic infections that occur in individuals with severely weakened immune systems. In addition to reported cases of these diseases, there was an unusual increase in requests made to the CDC for a drug called pentamidine that is used for the treatment of PCP. At the time, this drug could only be dispensed through a physician's request to the CDC (Curran, Evatt interviews). With the possible outbreak of a new infectious disease in the United States coming to the attention of public health officials, the CDC established a task force in July 1981 to monitor the cases of opportunistic infections, to investigate additional cases, to formalize a definition of the disease, and to design a case/control study to examine the prevalence and epidemiology of the disease. The task force was headed by James Curran, chief of CDC's Venereal Disease Control Division (Curran, Foege interviews)."
1985 (Sep 26) - Husband at Congressional hearings on funding of AIDS response/research
https://www.c-span.org/video/?125690-1/aids-funding
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"CSPAN, Sep 26 1985 : Dr. Alfred J Katz, Red Cross director at US Congressional hearings on HIV/AIDS"
Witnesses testified on federal funding for AIDS research, detection and treatment.
statements in book - https://books.google.com/books?id=YgE6yfHXS9oC&dq=%22alfred+katz%22+%2B+%22weicker%22&source=gbs_navlinks_s
1985-09-26-usa-congress-hearing-aids-response-resarch.pdf
on live 3 - https://youtu.be/908UFweuRBM /
1986 (Sep 20) - UPI : "With the initial excitement fading, AIDS victims, their families..."
UPI ARCHIVES SEPT. 20, 1986 / ByTAMARA HENRY / Source : [HM002A][GDrive]
WASHINGTON -- With the initial excitement fading, AIDS victims, their families and friends focused on practical matters Saturday when calling the nation's AIDS hotlines -- such as where to obtain the experimental drug AZT.
Debbie Katz, supervising a government hotline set up to provide information about the new drug, said the main concern of callers -- up to 150 each hour -- is, 'Do you think I'll be eligible for this drug and what's the next step?'
The Health and Human Services Department announced Friday that AZT, or azidothymidine, will be made available to as many as 60 percent of the nation's AIDS patients because initial tests indicate it has positive results.
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome, which has struck at least 24,859 people nationwide since 1981 and killed 13,689, afflicts mainly homosexuals, intravenous drug users and hemophiliacs who must receive blood transfusions.
The drug manufacturer, Burroughs-Wellcome Co., is expected to send the first batches to qualified physicians and pharmacists at no charge Sept. 29.
'It's been nuts,' said Thom Mosley, hotline coordinator of AIDS PROJECT in Los Angeles. 'We've gotten hundreds of calls since yesterday. Some of the calls are about how to get the drug, but most of (what) we're doing is explaining all the ins and outs.
'Most people realize it's gonna be a long time coming down the pike,' he said.
'This is humane,' said John Ognibene, a member of the New Orleans AIDS Task Force, of the wide distribution of the drug. 'If you are dying, you want to try anything that might prolong your life.'
Callers to the Detroit AIDS Hotline Saturday have been 'varied people concerned about themselves and loved ones with others wondering how they can catch AIDS and what are the symptons.'
'Whenever there is a new drug, especially when a patient gets a disease that has not been responsive to anything else, they want to know 'Can I get this new drug and will it help me,'' Katz said.
Mosley said about 60 percent of the callers in Los Angeles are not in high-risk groups, but people 'suffering from AIDS hysteria.'
'They want to take the drug to prevent getting AIDS,' he said. 'People in high-risk groups have done their homework and they were already aware of AZT since two groups in the Los Angeles area are researching it, USC and UCLA.'
Katz said some callers also are concerned about whether there will be enough drug to go around.
'We certainly get many, many calls from people who say 'Is it going to be enough?' We like to reassure patients of that. It's important for the patient and family members to understand that there's plenty of the drug available for patients who fit the criteria,' she said.
1986 (Sep 29) - The Washington Post - "AIDS Drug Tests Expand"
By Philip J. Hilts / September 29, 1986
1986-09-29-washington-post-aids-drug-tests-expand.pdf
Moving with unusual speed, health officials are setting up new tests to determine whether the drug AZT -- soon to be distributed to patients with the most common AIDS infection -- may be effective in patients with other symptoms and at other stages of the disease.
On Sept. 19, the government announced that the drug would be distributed widely and free of charge to AIDS patients whose key symptom is an infection called Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. It is expected that thousands of AIDS patients, perhaps as many as 60 percent of the 11,000 patients now being treated in the United States, will be eligible to get the drug under the announced plan, with distribution beginning in the next few weeks.
But meanwhile researchers who have been testing AZT (azidothymidine) have met to sketch out plans to test it in several additional groups of AIDS patients, according to Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute on Allergy and Infectious Diseases. Fauci is one of the leaders, along with Dr. Samuel Broder of the National Cancer Institute, of the federal program to test drugs' effectiveness against AIDS.
Officials have repeatedly cautioned that the drug is no cure for AIDS. It improved survival and alleviated some symptoms during the short period of the tests, but it did not clear the AIDS virus from the body. It has some side effects as well, including potentially severe anemia. The drug's long-term benefits and side effects are unknown.
According to researchers who will conduct the testing, patients expected to be included in the new round of tests are:
"Those with the skin cancer Kaposi's sarcoma. Patients with the least severe form may be put in a controlled trial in which some patients receive AZT while others get placebo capsules containing no drug.
"Those in whom the virus has attacked nerve and brain cells primarily.
"Those infected by the AIDS virus, but not yet showing symptoms -- a contagious group that may number as many as 2 million.
"Those with "persistent lymphadenopathy" -- flulike symptoms including fevers, weight loss and swollen glands -- but without the major additional infections associated with AIDS.
"Children with AIDS.
"New patients with Pneumocystis, but at different dose levels for the purpose of determining optimal doses and toxic effects at different doses.
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome is a disease caused by a virus that attacks the body's immune system, leaving patients vulnerable to deadly infections. Each infection is distinct, but many patients ultimately have a variety of them.
Infection with Pneumocystis is one of the fiercest forms of AIDS, and those who contract it usually live no more than about nine months.
Numerous separate AZT experiments are expected to be set up around the country, each using AZT in some way. In some tests, Fauci said, AZT alone may be given to one group of patients, while AZT in combination with another drug is given to a second group for comparison.
Creation and approval of the many experiments is moving at a pace faster than with any other drug in memory, researchers say. The process of setting up the rules for an experiment and gaining approval by various agencies and committees usually takes several months or longer. These steps are being accomplished in a matter of weeks.
Samuel Broder, in whose laboratory AZT was discovered as an anti-AIDS drug and who led the first experimentation in humans, said that the drug went in 19 months from being on the shelf among scores of substances to producing promising results in human tests. The expected experimentation period for a drug never before given to humans is four to seven years.
The decision to abruptly remove AZT from regular drug tests and distribute it to AIDS patients nationwide came 10 days ago after health officials deliberated for a week over the test's promising results. Among 137 patients receiving a placebo capsule, 17 had died. Among the 145 patients receiving AZT, only one had died.
Because of the striking difference in survival between the two groups, federal health officials and officers of the drug's manufacturer, Burroughs Wellcome Co. of Research Triangle Park, N.C., determined that it would be unethical to withhold the drug from patients, even for the two months necessary to finish the test.
After the decision was made to distribute the drug to the same sort of AIDS patients who were helped in the Burroughs Wellcome test, a hotline was set up to provide information about the new distribution plan.
It began operation at noon on Sept. 19, and by the following Friday morning, a week later, the hotline had received more than 8,100 calls, and was continuing to receive them at the rate of 50 per hour. Details of eligibility rules are expected to be given out starting early this week. (The hotline number, available 8 a.m. to midnight EDT seven days a week, is 800-843-9388).
Deborah Katz, supervisor of the hotline, said that some patients who are reluctant to call may also mail requests for information to Box 6042, Rockville, Md. 20852. For patients worried about being identified as having AIDS, she said, all information will be sent in a plain envelope.
1988 (May 07)
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1988 (May 05)
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1988 (July 8) - Science Magazine (from the AAAS) - "Health workers and AIDS: questions persist"
Author: Deborah M. Barnes / Date: July 8, 1988
1988-07-sciencemag-american-association-for-the-advancement-of-science-health-workers-and-aids-questions-persist.pdf
From: Science(Vol. 241, Issue 4862) / Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science
As an adjunct to the Burroughs Wellcome study, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) has just applied to the Food and Drug Administration for permission to give AZT to all health care or laboratory workers who have had massive exposure to HIV. Current thinking is that people exposed to large quantities of virus may be more likely to become infected and for that reason should receive AZT as a matter of course. Other workers exposed to smaller amounts of HIV are regarded as more appropriate for the Burroughs Wellcome study. "The question we will have to study is what constitutes a massive exposure versus a small one," says Deborah Katz of NIAID.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1EC-GPCLlJIzy4B49TLVlB40xLKKfAt8F/view?usp=sharing
Citation metadataHealth Workers and AIDS: Questions Persist ANOTHER HEALTH CARE WORKER is infected with the AIDS virus, probably because of an injury at work. The incident, which occurred at NIH, is similar to several reported previously by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) in Atlanta. The worker was injured while handling blood from a patient infected with the AIDS virus, called HIV for human immunodeficiency virus. "The fact that it occurred is tragic but there is nothing unusual about the accident," says Robert McKinney, director of the division of safety at NIH.
The incident underscores the need to explain why only a few health care workers exposed to HIV become infected while the vast majority do not. The recent case also calls attention to a controversial study by Burroughs Wellcome Co. in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, to test AZT--alternately called Retrovir or zidovudine--in health care workers exposed to HIV before evidence of infection occurs.
"The work was routine and the individual was well trained," says McKinney, referring to the recent case. A vial containing HIV-infected blood accidentally broke in the worker's hand and cut through a glove and into the skin. An initial test for antibodies to HIV was negative but subsequent tests were positive, allowing health officials to conclude that the infection probably resulted from the accident. The accident is largely dissimilar to two reported cases of HIV infection in laboratory workers employed by companies under contract to NIH. Both of these people were handling material that probably contained high concentrations of virus and only one had a documented injury.
Combined data from surveillance studies of health care and laboratory workers at the CDC, NIH, and University of California indicate that more than 2200 people have been injured on the job while working with blood or other materials known to be contaminated with HIV. Sixteen--a number that includes the recent case--developed antibodies after being exposed to the virus at work. Another seven workers also have antibodies, but may have had them before entering the study. Researchers estimate the infection rate within this group at less than 1%. "It is interesting that a number of these workers seem to develop antibodies very rapidly after their initial exposure to HIV," says McKinney. Several experienced a fever soon after exposure to HIV, as the recently infected person did. But the basic question of why these people developed an infection, while other workers with similar exposures to HIV are not infected, remains unanswered.
Researchers are investigating a range of factors that may address the issue. One possibility, for example, is that an infected person who has diagnosed AIDS--as opposed to a person who carries HIV but is still healthy--is more likely to transmit the virus. Researchers do not yet know if a patient's stage of disease alters the risk to workers who are accidentally exposed to the patient's blood. Other factors include biological differences in HIV that may make some strains of the virus more infectious, biological differences in the person exposed such as having an ongoing herpes virus or other infection, the amount of virus to which a worker is exposed, and the severity of the injury or exposure.
In May, Burroughs Wellcome announced a new study to test AZT in health care workers exposed to HIV in accidents on the job. The program is unusual because it tests AZT in people recently exposed to the virus who show no signs of infection. The company will monitor levels of viral proteins and antibodies in the workers for a year. The trial is a controlled, double-blind study, in which half the people who participate will receive drug and the other half will receive a placebo.
"Right away we knew that there would be some logistical problems with the company's study," says Julie Gerberding of the University of San Francisco and San Francisco General Hospital. First it will take at least several thousand participants to be able to determine whether AZT prevents infection because the actual infection rate is so low--estimated at an average of 0.4 to 0.5% among health workers who stick themselves with contaminated needles. Second, AZT kills bone marrow cells in many AIDS patients, a risk of toxicity that is unknown in healthy people exposed to HIV, but that could be greater than the risk of becoming infected. Third, it may become increasingly difficult to justify why only health care workers, and not people who fear exposure to HIV because of sexual contact or other means, should be allowed to participate in the study. Fourth, workers who suspect they are getting placebo instead of AZT may not comply with the terms of the study and obtain the drug by some other means.
As an adjunct to the Burroughs Wellcome study, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) has just applied to the Food and Drug Administration for permission to give AZT to all health care or laboratory workers who have had massive exposure to HIV. Current thinking is that people exposed to large quantities of virus may be more likely to become infected and for that reason should receive AZT as a matter of course. Other workers exposed to smaller amounts of HIV are regarded as more appropriate for the Burroughs Wellcome study. "The question we will have to study is what constitutes a massive exposure versus a small one," says Deborah Katz of NIAID.
Gerberding tells workers who have been exposed to HIV what she would do in a similar situation. "Personally, if I had a needlestick and not a very severe injury [with HIV-infected material], I would enroll in the study and risk the toxicity," she says.
NEW YORK- AZT: It works best at low doses. It's toxic at any dose. It'll prolong your life. It'll kill you. No matter what people say about it, AZT is still the only drug approved" for treating the human immunodeficiency virus.
Two studies published recently show that AZT taken in doses much lower than the original standard dose - 900 mg less per day - are just as effective with fewer adverse effects. These are not the first studies to suggest low-dosing with AZT, and AIDS physicians, especially those in urban areas, have been prescribing low doses for some time.
Nevertheless, those with qualms about the drug say that they're concerned about adverse effects that appear over time. Even so, both supporters and critics are looking toward combination therapy, in which two or three drugs taken together at low doses will attack HIV synergistically. Those critics charge that better therapies will be available only if the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases stops its obsession with testing AZT virtually exclusively and moves on to other agents.
"AZT is a political issue,' said Steve Machon, president of the board of AIDS Treatment Registry, an educational advocacy organization dealing with clinical trials for people with AIDS. "It appears that the longest-term survivors are people who've used AZT for a limited amount of time or not at all."
The drug's manufacturer, Burroughs Wellcome Co., and NIAlD say otherwise.
Kathy Bartlett, a Wellcome spokesperson, estimated that "tens of thousands' of people with HIV infection were taking AZT and were surviving longer because of it. And at NWD, an official said that she was perplexed why the articles, by Dr. Margaret Fischl at the University of Miami and [Dr. Ann Cornwall Collier (born 1953)] at the University of Washington, received attention in the mainstream press. "We were a little surprised when there were stories about them," said Deborah Katz, special assistant to Dan Hoth, who heads the AIDS division at NIAlD. 'They're old news. It was just information that finally appeared in the medical literature."
[ Note - Dr. Ann Cornwall Collier (born 1953) is a long-time peer of Dr. Lawrence A. Corey (born 1947) ]
Not according to Collier: "Dr. Fischl's study has had a major impact and should not be underestimated just because it has already happened,' she said.
Indeed, Fischl's study was used by Wellcome to get the US Food and Drug Administration last January to officially lower the dose from 1500 mg per day to 600 mg per day for people with AIDS. Collier's study compared effectiveness of three daily doses, 300 mg, 600 mg and 1500 mg, in those with AIDS-related complex, a stage of HIV infection in which symptoms appear but the HIV infection has not progressed to AIDS as defined by the US Centers for Disease Control. Both were published in the Oct. 11 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
600mg?
Fischl, working with a number of
researchers across the country and the
NIAID's AIDS Clinical Trials Group,
concluded that 600 mg per day was as
effective as, and iess toxic than, 500 mg.
Those in her study had to have had
a previous bout of Pneumocystis carinii
pneumonia. The study was randomized,
meaning that none of the 524 subjects
could choose their dose-either 250 mg
for lesbians and gay men.
In a letter dated Oct. 15, the Supervisors
warned GM that "as part of
GM's financial relationship with the ,
city, your corporation agrees not to
engage in discriminatory practices
against lesbians and gay men. Natu-
. rally, we are outraged that GM's
. Chevrolet division has chosen to violate
its agreement with San Francisco
and to, subfect lesbian and gay people
to the hqrrors of prejudice and
injustice:" A spokesperson from
Chevrolet did not return a reporter's
phone call. On Oct. 16, a spokesperson
told the San Francisco Examimer,
"We sincerely apologize to anyone
who was offended and will take every
precaution to ensure that nothing like
this ever happens again."
"This video didn't just happen,"
remarked TJ Anthony, an openly gay
aide to Supervisor Hongisto, pointing
out that the interView was culled from
more than 500 hours of tape, reviewed
by the promotional division of Chevrolet,
and released as part of a coordinated
effort to 'up sales. "That means
there was a consensus of bigotry
among the GM promotional people,"
Anthony concluded.
Currently, according to Anthony,
the city is awaiting a response from
GM to a letter signed by all of the city
supervisors, and a report on GM from
the Human Rights Commission. Anthony
said that part of his negotiations
with GM include a request that the international
corporation donate a sum
equal to the amount of money spent
on the video to a gay and lesbian community-
based organization that fights
violence and discrimination.
An editorial in the San Francisco
Examiner urged citizens to go even farther
in their actions against the company:
"Boycott [GM's]big, macho trucks.
Japanese trucks work better anyway,
and you don't have to wipe the slime off
the door handles," the piece suggested.
The changing demographics of AIDS, which federal health officials predict will become one of the leading causes of death among women of childbearing age next year, has focused new attention on the special problems of females who contract the disease.
AIDS is now spreading more rapidly among women than among men, according to James W. Curran, director of the AIDS program at the federal Centers for Disease Control. Last year, cases of AIDS among women increased by 29 percent, according to the CDC, while those among men rose by 18 percent. Half of the cases among women were attributed to intravenous drug use, while 20 percent were linked to heterosexual contact with male drug users.
"The absolute numbers are going up dramatically," said Curran. Since 1981, about 15,000 of the 155,000 cases reported nationwide have been among women. About 1 million Americans are believed to be infected with the human immunodeficiency virus that causes AIDS, Curran said.
The same trends are occurring in the Washington area, health officials report. So far, the number of AIDS cases among women is still fairly small -- 338 of a total of 4,358 cases -- or about 8 percent, according to the most recent statistics compiled by the District. Nearly 58 percent of the cases occurred in the District, and 86 percent of the affected women are black or Hispanic.
According to a survey soon to be released by the D.C. Commission on Public Health, the number of women who tested positive for HIV jumped from 30 per 1,000 in 1989 to 50 per 1,000 in 1990. For women tested in drug treatment clinics, the figures were similarly alarming: the rate of positive tests rose from 190 per 1,000 in 1989 to 250 per 1,000 this year.
D.C. officials said these numbers do not reflect the magnitude of the problem, because AIDS cases are underreported. "We are finding that women die of HIV-related illnesses before ever being diagnosed with AIDS," said Adora Lee, director of the District's Office of AIDS Activities.
To cope with the increasing caseload and the special problems of women who often suffer from isolation, ostracism, poverty and the burden of caring as single parents for children who may also be infected, several programs have recently been established.
They include a biweekly newsletter called "The Positive Woman," support groups and in-home "safe sex" parties, sponsored by the D.C. Women's Council on AIDS, which are modeled after Tupperware parties, in which volunteer AIDS educators help teach women how to persuade their sexual partners to use condoms.
Last week, the Whitman-Walker Clinic and the District government dedicated a house for families with HIV near Logan Circle. It provides homes for infected mothers and their children, many of whom also suffer from HIV. Called the Stewart B. McKinney House, it is named for the late Republican congressman from Connecticut who died of AIDS in 1987.
The problems confronting women with AIDS also are receiving national and international attention. The World Health Organization designated this its theme for the recent World AIDS Day, and this week the National Institutes of Health will hold a two-day symposium on the topic; attendance is expected to exceed 1,700.
In addition, the National Institute on Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) last month approved a research section within the agency's office on clinical trials that will focus only on AIDS and women. And the National Commission on Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome plans to hold hearings on women and AIDS next spring.
The increased attention to the special problems of women with AIDS has arisen because of "the pressure from people working in the epidemic and . . . the increase in the numbers of cases in women," said Vickie M. Mays, director of the Black CARE Project in Los Angeles. "There has been a consistent push by many individuals to say that women are not being given an equal focus."
Despite increasing emphasis on community education, AIDS educators said, many women still do not understand that they can be infected through sexual contact.
"I have girl friends who are single, educated women, and they are not using condoms," said Missy LeClaire, 39, of the District, who contracted AIDS sexually from her husband; he received a transfusion in 1982 before blood was screened for HIV. "After going through all of this . . . with me, they still don't use condoms."
Women who discover they are infected experience some of the same problems of isolation, fear and ostracism that confronted gay men, who were among the earliest sufferers of AIDS, which was first identified in 1981.
"People lose their jobs," said Denise Rouse, director of the D.C. Women's AIDS Council. "They get kicked out of their homes. Family members desert them. Neighbors threaten them."
But there are distinct differences. "Women are the caretakers of our world; they are the ones who do the dirty work," LeClaire said. In 1986 and 1987, she worked around the clock caring for her dying husband, giving him injections every two hours and changing his sheets six times a day. LeClaire said she was not tested for HIV for six months after her husband's diagnosis because, she said, she was so focused on him. "I didn't have time to worry about myself."
Because AIDS disproportionately strikes poor, minority women, Rouse and others said, it is heaped on top of the many other problems they face. Many "women already are struggling with feelings of helplessness and hopelessness in trying to make a living and function in society," said Rouse.
So far, researchers said, it is not clear whether the course of the disease is different in women. Part of the reason is that most treatments, such as the anti-pneumonia agent aerosolized pentamidine, have been tested primarily in men, because women have been underrepresented in large-scale clinical trials.
Nevertheless, said Deborah Katz, assistant to the director of the NIAID's Division of AIDS, "there is nothing to suggest that there is a difference in response to antiviral therapy or opportunistic infections because of gender."
But some preliminary studies and anecdotal reports do suggest differences.
Brown University researchers who have studied more than 200 Rhode Island women with HIV have found that only 19 percent have developed AIDS-related pneumonia compared to 60 percent of men.
"So far, the data we have is that women do not progress faster than men," said Charles C.J. Carpenter, a physician who is associate director of the Brown AIDS program. "We have a lot of women who have been stable for three years."
Some clinicians, including Mary Young, a physician at Georgetown University Hospital, who has treated 70 HIV-positive women ranging from a teenager infected at 16 to a 62-year-old woman who had a bisexual lover, said they believe women tend to be diagnosed late. NIAID's Katz said that to date there is no scientific evidence to support this.
AIDS activists agree with Young and have pushed federal officials and researchers to pay more attention to the problems of HIV-infected women. "Women die two to four times faster then men," said Judith Cohen, a member of San Francisco's ACT UP chapter. The reasons, she said, "are ignorance and sexism."
A recent study by the NIAID suggests that in some women, HIV infection may hasten the growth and spread of the human papilloma virus leading to the development of cervical cancer. Women with AIDS, Katz said, need semi-annual pap tests, which detect cervical cancer, as well as regular gynecological check-ups.
Some AIDS activitists, including Cohen, said that for too long, researchers have regarded women merely as "vectors" of the disease -- the vehicle by which the virus affects infants -- and as a result, have been largely ignored in research studies.
"I think that is true," said Deborah Cotton, a physician at Harvard Medical School. Because the public health focus has not been on protecting women from the disease, she said, "we missed an opportunity to stop an epidemic in a group of people before the virus had spread."
1991
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK234083/
The AIDS Research Program of the National Institutes of Health.
Institute of Medicine (US) Committee to Study the AIDS Research Program of the National Institutes of Health.
Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 1991.
Appendix BPersons Who Were Interviewed by Committee or Staff or Who Provided Written Materials
Deborah Katz, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH
1998
https://forumresearch.org/storage/documents/AntiviralSalvageTherapy/hiv_failure.pdf
"
HIV Treatment Failure
Deborah Katz , RN- NIAID Division of AIDS
1999 - National Library of Medicine, board of Regents - Present
https://www.nlm.nih.gov/od/bor/bor599.html
1999-05-usa-nih-nlm-minutes-of-the-board-of-regents-may-1999.pdf
Also there - Joshua Lederberg
Minutes of the Board of Regents May 1999
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH
NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE
MINUTES OF THE BOARD OF REGENTS
May 4-5, 1999
The 121st meeting of the Board of Regents was convened on May 4, 1999, at 9:00 a.m. in the NLM Board Room, Building 38, National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland. The meeting was open to the public from 9:00 a.m. to 3:45 p.m., followed by the closed session for consideration of grant applications until 4:30 p.m. On May 5, the meeting was reconvened and open to the public from 9:00 a.m. until adjournment at 11:30 p.m. Dr. Tenley Albright presided as Chair.
2001 - NLM Programs and Services for year 2001
https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.200.794&rep=rep1&type=pdf
PREFACE
The pages of this year’s report reveal that the National Library of Medicine continues to
make progress in creating ever-more useful information services for the health professions and
the public. To name just a few of the highlights: free access to the DNA sequence of the human
genome was made available by NLM’s National Center for Biotechnology Information; a new
database, ArcticHealth, was introduced by the Specialized Information Services Division;
MEDLINEplus was improved by the addition of a daily news feed from the public media and
some 30 interactive health education modules; two prominent scientists were added to the
increasingly popular Profiles in Science; new 5-year contracts for the Regional Medical
Libraries were awarded; web-based information resources were introduced on bioterrorism,
anthrax, etc., that responded to the September 11 attacks; and the History of Medicine Division
has created a wonderful new exhibit in the main rotunda, “The Once and Future Web.” This list
only scratches the surface of the progress we made in the last 12 months.
These accomplishments prompt me to reflect on the tremendous range of talent required
to operate an institution as complex as the National Library of Medicine. We have librarians, of
course—the people who acquire the diverse materials for the collection, who bring order to it by
cataloging and indexing, and who help others have access to it. We have historians and
preservationists. We have systems analysts and computer scientists. As befits an organization
that is part of the National Institutes of Health, we have scientists and technical experts of many
and various disciplines. And, of course, there are the many support staff whose efforts enable
the work of others.
The design for expanding NLM’s existing facilities is moving forward. On July 24,
2001, President Bush signed the 2001 Supplemental Appropriations Act. The Conference
Report accompanying the bill directed that $7,115,000 be transferred to the National Institutes
of Health “for purposes of the design of a National Library of Medicine facility.” This transfer
of funds, along with funds previously transferred to the NIH Buildings and Facilities account,
clears the way financially for the completion of the design for the new and expanded facilities.
https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.200.794&rep=rep1&type=pdf
The NIH Quality of Work Life Award
was presented to Ms. Deborah Katz (LHC) for
expert management, communication, and
personal skills in creating and fostering an
environment that encourages personal growth,
creativity, flexibility, and a truly enjoyable
workplace.
The
2002 (March) - "The AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service (ACTIS): A Decade of Providing Clinical Trials Information"
Deborah G. Katz, MS, RN, Gale A. Dutcher, MLS, Theresa A. Toigo, RPh, MBA, Ruthann Bates, MA, Freda Temple, MLS, Cynthia G. Cadden, MSN, RN
First Published March 1, 2002 Research Article Find in PubMed
https://doi.org/10.1093/phr/117.2.123
Abstract
The AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service (ACTIS) is a central resource for information about federally and privately funded HIV/AIDS clinical trials. Sponsored by four components of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, ACTIS has been a key part of U.S. HIV/AIDS information and education services since 1989. ACTIS offers a toll-free telephone service, through which trained information specialists can provide callers with information about AIDS clinical trials in English or Spanish, and a website that provides access to clinical trials databases and a variety of educational resources. Future priorities include the development of new resources to target diverse and underserved populations. In addition, research needs to be conducted on the use of telephone services vs. Web-based information exchange to ensure the broadest possible dissemination of up-to-date information on HIV infection and clinical trials.
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1093/phr/117.2.123
https://www.niaid.nih.gov/research/hivaids-clinical-trials-networks
2002 (Nov) -
https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/asp/html/conferences/conferences/tularemia20021121.html
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
International Conference on the Current Status of Tularema and Plague Vaccines
November 21 – 22, 2002 • Bethesda, Maryland
2002-11-22-nih-niaid-ord-international-conference-on-the-current-status-of-tularema.pdf
2003 (February 26) - NIAID EXPERT PANEL REVIEW ON RADIOBIOLOGY RESEARCH in Bethesda, Maryland
https://www.hsdl.org/?view&did=449438
2003-02-26-usa-nih-niaid-summary-of-the-niaid-expert-panel-review-on-radiobiology-research-449438.pdf
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Xzp6Od5ejbpVKrtrRuxKmYxEzcXC-p5y/view?usp=sharing
2003-02-26-usa-nih-niaid-summary-of-the-niaid-expert-panel-review-on-radiobiology-research-449438-pg-01
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1oXGqMl6Eaa5FHz8A3CN5ufSlXj_-WULW/view?usp=sharing
2003-02-26-usa-nih-niaid-summary-of-the-niaid-expert-panel-review-on-radiobiology-research-449438-pg-02
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1CduDym_JChJpbXRvJpUhqlL000HlvPeA/view?usp=sharing
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
SUMMARY OF THE NIAID EXPERT PANEL REVIEW ON RADIOBIOLOGY RESEARCH
February 26, 2003 Bethesda, Maryland
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
There are increased concerns regarding the potential of terrorists using biological, chemical, or
radiological agents against the civilian population. In the past the Department of Defense
maintained a research and development program which addressed these threats for military
forces, including primary responsibility for countermeasures related to radiological threats. The
National Institutes of Health (NIH) is actively assessing relevant opportunities to exploit medical
breakthroughs and focus its efforts on the development of new and effective countermeasures for
all subsets of the U.S. population. On behalf of the National Ins titutes of Health (NIH), the
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) convened a special meeting of
experts on February 26, 2003, in Bethesda, Maryland, to review ongoing research efforts in
development of medical countermeasures to radiological threats.
The purpose of the meeting was to: (1) provide NIAID with an overview of current radiobiology
research; (2) identify gaps in research that are critical to the development of specific medical
products to protect the civilian population from a radiological threat; and (3) explore ways in
which the NIAID/NIH can collaborate in current radiological research efforts. With the
assistance of organizations such as the National Cancer Institute, the Armed Forces
Radiobiology Research Institute, and the Department of Energy, gaps were identified and shortterm
and mid-term research priorities were recommended. The results of this meeting will be
used by the NIH Biodefense Research Coordinating Committee, as efforts across NIH are
coordinated.
The participants recommended that emphasis be placed on:
· Biodosimetry
· Automated diagnostic systems
· Radioprotectant drugs and treatments
· Antibiotics for use following radiation exposure
· Research resource support, facilities, personnel, model systems
In addition, the participants recommended that priorities be established for the development of
products that appear to have the greatest promise based on need, efficacy, and safety as part of a
national strategy aimed at protecting all subgroups of the U.S. population.
BACKGROUND
In response to the growing terrorist threat to the United States of ionizing radiation, the National
Research Council of the National Academy of Sciences initiated a review of the role of science
and technology in December 2001. In its 2002 report entitled "Making the Nation Safer: The
Role of Science and Technology in Countering Terrorism," the committee defined three
plausible threat scenarios: (1) attacks involving the detonation of nuclear weapons or an
improvised nuclear device; (2) attacks on nuclear reactors or spent nuclear fuel sources; and (3)
attacks involving radiological dispersion devices (RDDs). The wide dispersal of radiation that
could be generated by an RDD combined with explosives was of special concern, due to poorly
monitored supplies of radionuclides and nuclear wastes outside the U.S. and the potential illegal
shipment of such sources of radiation into the U.S. Recommendations were made on improved
surveillance, detection, and control measures and increased medical capabilities to address such
emergencies. However, the medical products that would be needed to minimize morbidity and
mortality during and after a radiological incident were not addressed.
On February 26, 2003, the Office of Biodefense Research Affairs of NIAID’s Division of
Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, convened a group of highly respected scientists and
radiological experts currently engaged in radiation-related research. The one-day meeting was
held at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences in Bethesda, Maryland.
Participating in this meeting were representatives from the National Cancer Institute (NCI); the
Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute (AFRRI); the Food and Drug Administration
(FDA); the Department of Energy (DOE); the Office of Public Health Preparedness and
Emergency Response in the Departmentof Health and Human Services (DHHS); and the Office
of Homeland Security (The White House).
The purpose of the meeting was to: (1) provide NIAID with an overview of current radiobiology
research; (2) identify gaps in research that are critical to the development of specific medical
products to protect the civilian population from a radiological threat; and (3) explore ways in
which NIAID/NIH can collaborate in current radiobiology research efforts.
Two recent scientific workshops provided an excellent background for the presentations and
discussions at the meeting. NCI’s Radiation Research Program sponsored a workshop in
September 2000 entitled "Modifying Normal Tissue Damage Post-Irradiation," which focused on
the larger doses of radiation encountered in radiation therapy. A second workshop entitled
"Molecular and Cellular Biology of Moderate Dose Radiation and Potential Mechanisms of
Radiation Protection" was convened in December 2001 to address progress in radiobiology,
dosimetry, and therapeutic options to prevent or ameliorate radiation damage to normal tissues.
This report identifies and discusses specific knowledge gaps in the areas of biological effects of
radiation, biodosimetry, radioprotectant drugs, and post-exposure therapeutics. Short- and midterm
research priorities are outlined to begin to address the gaps. Recommendations focus on the
research and development of diagnostics, radioprotectant s, and therapeutics for radiation
exposures. Additionally, the report addresses research resources, models, and scientific
manpower needed to conduct research and development efforts to address radiological threats.
[...]
MEETING PARTICIPANTS
Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute
Colonel Robert Eng, Ph.D.
Director, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute
8901 Wisconsin Avenue
Bethesda, MD 20889-5603
(301) 295-1210
ENG@afrri.usuhs.mil
Terry Pellmar, Ph.D.
Scientific Director, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute
8901 Wisconsin Avenue
Bethesda, MD 20889-5603
Phone: 301-295-1211
FAX 301-295-3488
PELLMAR@afrri.usuhs.mil
William F. Blakely, Ph.D.
Team Leader
Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute
8901 Wisconsin Avenue
Bethesda, MD 20889-5603
(301) 295-0484
blakely@afrri.usuhs.mil
Thomas M. Seed, Ph.D.
Team Leader
Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute
8901 Wisconsin Avenue
Bethesda, MD 20889-5603
(301) 295-3596
seed@afrri.usuhs.mil
Department of Energy
Noelle Metting, Ph.D.
Office of Biological and Environmental Research
Life Sciences Division
U.S. Department of Energy
19901 Germantown Road
Germantown MD 20874-1290
(301) 903-8309
Noelle.metting@science.doe.gov
Department of Health and Human Services
Richard Hatchett, M.D.
Office of the Assistant Secretary for Public Health
Emergency Preparedness (OASPHEP)
Department of Health and Human Service
200 Independence Avenue
Washington DC 20201
(202) 690-7233
Richard.Hatchett@hhs.gov
Office of Homeland Security (The White House)
George A. Alexander, M.D
Director for Medical and Public Health Security
Office of Homeland Security
The White House
Washington, DC 20502
Tel: 202-456-5785
George_Alexander@who.eop.gov
Office of the Secretary of Defense
Mr. Bart Kuhn (invited)
Assistant Director, Biomedical Technology
Director Defense Research and Engineering
Department of Defense
(703) 588-7403
bart.kuhn@osd.mil
The Rockefeller University
Professor Joshua Lederberg
Raymond and Beverly Sackler Foundation Scholar
Suite 400 (Founders Hall)
The Rockefeller University
1230 York Avenue
New York, NY 10021-6399
phone: 212: 327-7809
FAX: 212: 327-8651
lederberg@mail.rockefeller.edu
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
James A. Zimble, M.D.
President, USUHS
4301 Jones Bridge Road
Bethesda, MD 20814
Phone: (301) 295-3013
jzimble@usuhs.mil
U.S. Food and Drug Administration
Karen Oliver, M.S.N.
US Food and Drug Administration
Office of Science Coordination and Communication
Parklawn Building
5600 Fishers Lane
Rockville, MD 20857
(301)-827-5673
koliver@oc.fda.gov
Orhan Suleiman, Ph.D.
US Food and Drug Administration
Office of Science Coordination and Communication
Parklawn Building
5600 Fishers Lane
Rockville, MD 20857
(301) 827-5666
osuleiman@oc.fda.gov
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Anthony S. Fauci, M.D.
Director, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
9000 Rockville Pike, 31/7A-03
Bethesda MD 20892
(301) 496-2263
af10r@nih.gov
John R. La Montagne, Ph.D.
Deputy Director, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
9000 Rockville Pike, 31/7A-03
Bethesda MD 20892
(301) 496-9677
jlamontagn@niaid.nih.gov
John Y. Killen, M.D.
Assistant Director for Biodefense Research
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
9000 Rockville Pike, 31/7A28
Bethesda MD 20892
(301) 451-4262
jkillen@niaid.nih.gov
Carole Heilman, Ph.D.
Director, Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
6700 Rockledge Drive, Room 3141
Bethesda MD 20892-7630
(301) 496-1884
cheilman@niaid.nih.gov
Pamela M. McInnes, D.D.S., M.Sc. (Dent.)
Deputy Director, Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
6700 Rockledge Drive, Room 3143
Bethesda MD 20892-7630
(301) 496-1884
pmcinnes@niaid.nih.gov
Ernest. T. Takafuji, M.D., M.P.H.
Director, Office of Biodefense Research Affairs
Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH
6610 Rockledge Dr., Room 5111
Bethesda, MD 20892-7630
(301) 402-4197
etakafuji@niaid.nih.gov
Deborah Katz, M.S., R.N.
Deputy Director, Office of Biodefense Research Affairs
Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH
6610 Rockledge Dr., Room 5113
Bethesda, MD 20892-7630
(301) 402-4197
dkatz@niaid.nih.gov
Martin Crumrine, Ph.D.
Program Officer, Office of Biodefense Research Affairs
Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH
6610 Rockledge Dr., Room 5115
Bethesda, MD 20892-6603
(301)-402-8418
mhcrumrine@niaid.nih.gov
Kenneth Cremer, Ph.D.
Program Officer, Office of Biodefense Research Affairs
Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH
6610 Rockledge Dr., Room 5021
(301) 402-4197
Bethesda, MD 20892-6603
kcremer@niaid.nih.gov
Daniel Rotrosen, M.D.
Director, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
6700B Rockledge Drive
Bethesda MD 20892
(301) 496-1886
drotosen@niaid.nih.gov
Helen Quill, Ph.D.
Chief, Basic Immunology Branch
Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
6700B Rockledge Drive
Bethesda, MD 20892
(301) 496-7551
hquill@niaid.nih.gov
National Cancer Institue
Joseph F. Fraumeni, Jr., M.D.
Director, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics
National Cancer Institute
6120 Executive Boulevard, EPS/8070
Bethesda, MD 20892-7242
(301)-496-1611
(301)-402-3256
fraumeni@niaid.nih.gov
C. Norman Coleman, M.D.
Radiation Oncology
Division of Cancer Treatment
National Cancer Institute
9000 Rockville Pike 10/B3B69
Bethesda MD 20892
(301) 496-5457
ccoleman@mail.nih.gov
Martha Linet, M.D, M.P.H.
Chief, Radiation Epidemiology Branch
6120 Executive Blvd., Room 7054
National Cancer Institute
Bethesda, MD 20892
(301)-496-6600
linetm@mail.nih.gov
Steven Simon, Ph.D.
Senior Scientist
Radiation Epidemiology Branch
6120 Executive Blvd., Room 7089
National Cancer Institute
Bethesda, MD 20892
(301)-594-1390
ss57q@nih.gov
Andre Bouville, Ph.D.
Radiation Epidemiology Branch
National Cancer Institute
6120 Executive Blvd
Room 7089
Bethesda, MD 20892
(301)-594-1390
bouvilla@epndce.nci.nih.gov
2003 (March 19) - NIAID EXPERT PANEL REVIEW ON MEDICAL CHEMICAL DEFENSE RESEARCH
Summary of the NIAID Expert Panel Review on Medical Chemical Defense Research, March 19, 2003
https://www.niaid.nih.gov/sites/default/files/chem_report.pdf
2003-03-19-usa-nih-niaid-summary-niaid-expert-panel-review-on-medical-chemical-defense-research.pdf
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1LWwPlkzXDIYZjudiQZmhUZiZ_4rlvXK6/view?usp=sharing
2003-03-19-usa-nih-niaid-summary-niaid-expert-panel-review-on-medical-chemical-defense-research-pg-01
https://drive.google.com/file/d/19MZJEA-rURBw3q4pVzWzMA0gnGziP4Y1/view?usp=sharing
2003-03-19-usa-nih-niaid-summary-niaid-expert-panel-review-on-medical-chemical-defense-research-pg-02
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1PqViGJc51iWujv5eeE0B-oWJYTmhAs26/view?usp=sharing
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
March 19, 2003 Bethesda, Maryland
Deborah Katz, M.S., R.N.
Deputy Director, Office of Biodefense Research Affairs
Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
6610 Rockledge Dr.
Room 5113
Bethesda, MD 20892-7630 (301) 402-4197 dkatz@niaid.nih.gov
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
There are increased concerns regarding the potential of terrorists using biological, chemical or radiological agents against the civilian population. In the past, the Department of Defense has maintained a research and development program which addressed these threats for military forces, including primary responsibility for countermeasures related to chemical warfare threats agents. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) is actively assessing relevant opportunities to exploit medical breakthroughs and focus its efforts on the development of new and effective countermeasures for all subsets of the U.S. population. On behalf of the NIH, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) convened a special meeting of experts on March 19, 2003, in Bethesda, Maryland, to review ongoing research efforts in the development of medical countermeasures for chemical threats.
The purpose of the meeting was to (1) provide NIAID with an overview of current medical research in chemical defense; (2) identify gaps in scientific knowledge critical to the development of medical products against chemical threats to protect the civilian population; and (3) explore ways in which NIAID/NIH could assist or support efforts in the area of medical research for chemical defense. The meeting included representatives of academia, the chemical industry, poison control centers, private and governmental research institutions, the Office of Homeland Security (The White House), the Society of Toxicology, the Department of Defense, the Department of Health and Human Services, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Central Intelligence Agency, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the National Academy of Sciences, and the Institute of Medicine. The results of this meeting will be used by the NIH Biodefense Research Coordinating Committee, as efforts across NIH are coordinated.
The participants recommended that emphasis be placed on the following areas:
Increase understanding of mechanisms and types of organ, tissue, cellular, and sub-cellular injury from chemicals;
Expand information on differential individual susceptibility to chemical injury;
Develop molecular models and well-defined animal models for chemical injury;
• • •
Expand information on low-level acute and chronic health effects from chemicals;
Increase the availability of medical antidotes for specific subsets of the population;
Develop easy-to-administer formulations for intravenous, intramuscular, dermal, and/or aerosol administration of drugs;
Investigate mechanisms to accelerate development of promising antidotes or new labeling of already licensed products; and
Standardize clinical diagnostic tests and assays for chemical exposure in medical treatment facilities.
• • • •
BACKGROUND
Chemical warfare has been a continuing concern of the United States. Highly hazardous chemicals with special physical characteristics were developed as tactical weapons by military forces because of their ability to quickly inflict casualties on adversaries. Chemical warfare agents and industrial chemicals that could be used as weapons have now taken on new importance with the realization that terrorist organizations may have more ready access to weapons or hazardous materials capable of causing mass destruction. The evolution of events over the past several years and the increased risk of a domestic terrorist event that could involve the use of deadly chemicals or physical agents have resulted in active engagement of many departments and agencies involved with national security. It is now clear that the chemical threat extends beyond occupational and industrial risks and the need for national preparedness must include terrorist-instigated scenarios. A part of that effort involves an assessment of currently available countermeasures against specific chemical threats, the availability of therapeutic drugs and diagnostic tools for health care providers and first responders, and the need for new medical products or expanded use of existing products.
In 1999, the Institute of Medicine (Health Science Policy Program) and the National Research Council (Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, Commission of Life Sciences) were asked to collect and assess existing research, development, and technology information on detecting chemical and biological agents, and to provide recommendations on future research and development efforts. The span of the review included detectors, personal protective equipment, and response capacity within the United States. Nerve agents, vesicants, and cyanide were viewed as the highest chemical agent risks, followed by pulmonary irritants such as phosgene. The report recommended the stockpiling of nerve agent antidotes and called for continuing research on scavenger molecules to be used in immediate post-exposure or pre-treatment scenarios.
In 2002, the National Research Council’s Institute of Medicine Committee on Science and Technology for Combating Terrorism reviewed national vulnerabilities and delineated actions for the nation to take. Recommendations included the increased use of sensors to provide an improved capability to detect chemical agents in public areas, and to provide warning, increased training and improved equipment for first responders to enhance their capabilities to detect and treat chemical agent exposures.
The importance of applying technologies to meet needs was emphasized in areas such as detection, filtration, and/or decontamination of air and water. Specific recommendations were made pertaining to the Defense Applied Research Projects Agency, the Food and Drug Administration, the Environmental Protection Agency, the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the Federal Emergency Management Agency as well as other Federal agencies.
Recommendation 4.22 of the report stated:
“Under the guidance of the NIH, there should be a program to develop improved treatments for injuries that result from exposure to chemical agents.”… “This program should have both an applied and a fundamental aspect: It should optimize existing protocols, using the most plausible threats, and it should increase our understanding of the general mechanisms of injury on exposure to toxic chemicals. The program should address treatment for both acute and chronic injury, and it should consider countermeasures and protective measures that embrace the full spectrum of threats. Because of the long time required to develop countermeasures, we should start now on important classes of weapons, even if they are not yet know to be ready for deployment.”
On March 19, 2003, the Office of Biodefense Research Affairs, Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases convened a highly distinguished group of scientists, researchers, and health care providers with special knowledge in chemical defense and national preparedness. The one-day meeting was held at the Hyatt Regency Hotel, in Bethesda, MD.
The purpose of the meeting was to: (1) provide NIAID with an overview of current medical research in chemical defense; (2) identify gaps in scientific knowledge critical to the development of medical products against chemical threats to protect the civilian population; and (3) explore ways in which NIAID/NIH could assist or support efforts in the area of medical research for chemical defense.
Participating in the meeting were representatives from academia; the chemical industry; Federal agencies and departments including the Department of Defense, Office of Homeland Security (The White House), the Food and Drug Administration, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Central Intelligence Agency, the U. S. Department of Agriculture, the Institute of Medicine and the National Academy of Sciences. Other NIH institutes and centers with an interest in chemical defense were also invited to attend.
This report identifies and discusses specific knowledge gaps in the areas of chemical injury, nerve agents, vesicants, pulmonary "choking" agents, cyanide, and toxins and provides recommendations for research. There are several other classes of potential chemical threats including incapacitating agents, physiological irritants, mind-altering drugs, drugs or chemicals with immunomodulatory effects, and riot-control agents. These compounds are of lesser concern at this time and they were not discussed at the meeting.
[...]
MEETING PARTICIPANTS
[...]
2005 (Sep 10) - Mother passes, "Charlotte Breuer Katz"
https://www.nytimes.com/2005/09/10/classified/paid-notice-deaths-katz-charlotte-breuer.html
Sept. 10, 2005
KATZ--Charlotte Breuer, 94. Devoted to Sirol (deceased), children Alfred and Deborah Katz, Miriam and Herb Cohen, grandchildren, great grandchildren. Caring, generous, thoughtful, indomitable. A force in so many lives. Graveside service Sunday. Shiva in Riverdale for three days. Contributions to Hatzalah Ambulance, PO Box 181, Riverdale, NY 10471 or Children's Aid Society.
2006 (est?) - Presentation in Stevenson, Washington : "Welcome to The Fundamentals of International Stevenson, Washington Robin M. Mason, MS, MBA Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases of Allergy and Infectious Diseases NIH, DHHS"
PDF of download page : [HW006E][GDrive] / Image of download page : [HW006F][GDrive]
Text from Slides ;
Welcome to The Fundamentals of International Stevenson, Washington Robin M. Mason, MS, MBA Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases of Allergy and Infectious Diseases NIH, DHHS
Fundamentals of International Welcome to scientists from:
s of Health >18,000 employees Office of the E. A. Zerhouni, M.D. $28 B USD budget 83% budget to research grants >325,000 investigators >3,000 Institutions National Cancer Institute National Eye Institute National Heart Lung and Blood Institute on Aging Clinical Center Center for Information Technology Center for Scientific Review John E. Fogarty Center for Advanced Study in the Health Sciences on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases of Child Health and Human Development National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine National Center for Minority Health and Health Disparities National Center for Research Resources National Human Genome Research Institute on Drug Abuse of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders of Dental and Craniofacial Research of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering of Environmental Health Sciences of General Medical Sciences of Nursing Research of Mental Health of Neurological Disorders and Stroke National Library of Medicine
of Allergy and Infectious Diseases NIAID A. S. Fauci, M.D. 1,617 NIAID employees $4.412 B USD 2006 Office of Global Affairs Administrative Offices Office of Division of Intramural Research Vaccine Research Center Division of Extramural Activities Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Transplantation Division of AIDS Grants Management Program
Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Dr. Carole Heilman Dr. Irene Glowinski Deputy Microbial Genomics and Advanced Technologies Dr. Maria Giovanni Assistant Clinical Research Coordination Deborah Katz Acting Associate International Research in Infectious Diseases Dr. Polly Sager Assistant Office of Biodefense Research Affairs Dr. Michael Kurilla Office of Regulatory Affairs Dr. Robert Johnson Office of Clinical Research Affairs Dr. Shy Shorer Office of Scientific Coordination and Program Operations Dr. Barbara Mulach Bacteriology and Mycology Branch Dr. Dennis Dixon Enteric and Hepatic Diseases Branch Dr. Leslye Johnson Sexually Transmitted Infections Branch Dr. Carolyn Deal Respiratory Diseases Branch Dr. Linda Lambert Parasitology and International Programs Branch Dr. Lee Hall Virology Branch Dr. Catherine Laughlin
Fundamentals of International NIAID of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, part of National Institutes of Health (NIH) Large international research portfolio Over $135 M for international research (nonaids) About 250 projects in 60 countries About ¾ projects are in less developed countries (LDC)
DMID International Research International Collaborations in Infectious Disease Research (ICIDR) Bangladesh, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Egypt, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Tanzania, Thailand Tropical Medicine Research Centers Tuberculosis Research Units Brazil, Uganda Sexually Transmitted Infections Clinical Units Madagascar, Uganda Bacteriology and Mycology Study Group Thailand Group A Strep Fiji, Mali, Nicaragua, South Africa
Fundamentals of International Key challenges facing global health efforts The threat of emerging and re-emerging diseases the ever-present threat of pandemic influenza Avian influenza HIV/AIDS pandemic West Nile virus in the United States, Malaria and TB The spread of drug resistance seen in all classes of microbial pathogens The development of collaborative infrastructures and technologies to aid research and training at an international level The threat of bioterrorism
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Fundamentals of International Resources to assist with clinical research: NIAID/DMID staff Site monitoring, regulatory assistance, protocol templates (DMID) FHI International Clinical Sciences Support Center Site assessment/readiness Protocol preparation Study design and methodology Data management Statistical analysis Case report form development
Fundamentals of International Objective: strengthen our understanding of clinical research Principles Guidelines Implementation Focus on protocol development as framework Conducted by NIAID/NIH and Family Health International
Direct Comments to OMB: Written comments and/or suggestions regarding the item(s) contained in this notice, especially regarding the estimated public burden and associated response time, should be directed to the: Office of Management and Budget, Office of Regulatory Affairs, New Executive Office Building, Room 10235, Washington, DC 20503, Attention: Desk Officer for NIH. To request more information on the proposed project or to obtain a copy of the data collection plans and instruments, contact: Deborah Katz, NIAID Office of Biodefense Research Affairs, 6610 Rockledge Drive, Room 5111, Bethesda, MD 20892. Telephone: (301) 402-8539. E-mail: dkatz@niaid.nih.gov.
2008 (September 26) : Public Health Emergency Medical Countermeasures Enterprise Stakeholders Workshop 2008 & BARDA Industry Day Participants
September 24−26, 2008 Crystal Gateway Marriott Arlington, VA
PDF : PHEMCE Stakehodlers Workshop Participants List :
https://www.medicalcountermeasures.gov/barda/documents/PHEMCE_Participants.pdf
2008-09-26-usa-hhs-phemce-participants.pdf / https://drive.google.com/file/d/1aPGRm30cdLUTn2OTqVJDX9ggwWTy3erH/view?usp=sharing
2008-09-26-usa-hhs-phemce-participants-cover.jpg / https://drive.google.com/file/d/1M79AwUsLXS-tn_TJIp1jHMB6drU-n23V/view?usp=sharing
[...]
Deborah Katz
Deputy Director, Office of Biodefense Research Affairs Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Institutes of Health
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services dkatz@niaid.nih.gov
Rebecca Katz, PhD, MPH
Assistant Research Professor George Washington University rlkatz@gwu.edu "
[...]
2012 (May) passing - Father Charles Grossman
https://www.newspapers.com/image/247094387/?terms=%22rebecca%20katz%22&match=1
Died on Sunday, January 24, 2016 at his home in Rockville, MD. He is survived by his wife of 43 years, Deborah; daughters, Rebecca Katz (Matt Scharf) and Emily Katz (Laura Chapman); and four grandchildren, Olivia, Benjamin, Leo and Eli. He is also survived by his sister, Miriam Cohen and brother-in-law, Herb Cohen; sister-in-law, Joan Rosenbaum and John Gorham; nephew, Joshua Galper and niece, Satya Welch and their families. Born and raised in the Bronx, son of the late Charlotte and Sirol Katz, Dr. Katz was a graduate of the Bronx High School of Science, Swarthmore College, and the University of Pennsylvania Medical School. A Captain in the U.S. Army, he was stationed at Fort Sam Houston, treating burn victims returning from Vietnam. Dr. Katz was a Board certified pathologist/hematologist/blood banker who had a distinguished career at the American Red Cross for more than 30 years, starting as the Director of Connecticut Blood Services, then becoming Executive Director of Blood Services at National Headquarters, and concluding his career as Senior Director of Biomedical Development at the Jerome H. Holland Laboratory. He also maintained a position as Clinical Professor of Pathology at The George Washington University. Dr. Katz was an avid, top-seeded masters tennis player, a transplant from New York who remained passionate about the N.Y. Giants football team and the New York Yankees. He loved music and the arts, attending concerts, theater, and films. A man for all seasons, he enjoyed travel and hiking trips with his wife.Dr. Katz was a man of great intellect who cared deeply about his family and was concerned about the world around him. His life was guided by high moral and ethical standards. He will be deeply missed. The family is grateful to his caregivers, who have been loyal and devoted to his well-being for the past year and a half. The family asks that donations in his memory be made to The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson''s Research. Funeral services will be held on Thursday, January 28, 2016 at Temple Beth Ami, 14330 Travilah Road, Rockville, MD at 1 p.m.Interment immediately following at the Garden of Remembrance in Clarksburg, MD. [...]