Dr. Alice E. Moore (born 1908)
Wikipedia 🌐 NONE
Associated with :
Dr. Charlotte Friend (born 1921) ( ... )
Dr. Hilary Koprowski (born 1916) ( Moore helped provide mice and virus for Dr. Hilary Koprowski (born 1916)'s 1952 "LATENT OR DORMANT VIRAL INFECTIONS" / NOTE Page 971 Footnote, and the credit to Dr. Alice E. Moore (born 1908) : ( PDF : [HP005Y][GDrive] / For this page, see [HP0061][GDrive] ) : "The author expresses his grateful appreciation to Dr. Alice E. Moore, of the Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, for the mice-bearing tumors; and to Dr. Stanley Stellar, of the Department of Neurosurgery, New York School of Medicine, for the human tumors." )
REFERENCES: Books and Research Papers
TESTING ON HUMANS: Southam, Rhoads (boss of Dr. Chester Southam), and a "Gates" connection ? ... But no mention of Dr. Alice Moore ?
SEE Dr. Robert Charles Nowinski (born 1945) / Genetic Systems Corporation for info on the testing at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
PDF of book "Cancer: Step outside the box" : [HB006A][GDrive]
I used to believe that the “cancer conspiracy” was an unintentional result of the love of money and that there were really no malicious intentions at its roots. However, due to stories like the three that follow, I believe that I was a bit naïve in my initial assessment of the situation.
In 1931, [Dr. Cornelius Packard "Dusty" Rhoads (born 1898)], a pathologist from the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, purposely infected human test subjects in Puerto Rico with cancer cells, and thirteen of them died. Despite the fact that Rhoads gave a written testimony stating he believed all Puerto Ricans should be killed, he later established the U.S. Army Biological Warfare facilities in Maryland, Utah and Panama, and was named to the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, where he began a series of radiation exposure experiments on American soldiers and civilian hospital patients.
Then, in 1963, Chester M. Southam (who injected Ohio State Prison inmates with live cancer cells in 1952) performed the same procedure on twenty-two senile, African-American female patients at the Brooklyn Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital in order to watch their immunological response. He told the patients that they were receiving “some cells,” but conveniently left out the fact that they were cancer cells. Ironically, Southam eventually became president of the American Association for Cancer Research!
In 1981, the Seattle-based Genetic Systems Corporation began an ongoing medical experiment called “Protocol No. 126” in which cancer patients at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle were given bone marrow transplants that contained eight experimental proteins made by Genetic Systems, rather than standard bone marrow transplants. As a result, 19 human “subjects” died from complications directly related to the experimental treatment. [ MORE on the research in Seattle that may possibly connect to Gates : See Genetic Systems Corporation ] [...]
EVIDENCE TIMELINE
1920 US Census, Bellevue Ohio, Alice E. Moore
Alice Moore is 11 years old in 1920 / Mother is "Chella A. Moore" , father is John Moore
1923-1924 : Bellevue Ohio High school - As a Sophomore, already basketball star !
Also class president
1929/1930 - Ohio State University yearbooks, SIGMA KAPPA - 1929 (Junior), 1930 (Senior)
1930 (Mar 4) - Graduation at Ohio state (Bachelor's degree)
https://www.newspapers.com/image/4647094/?terms=%22Alice%20E.%20Moore%22&match=1
1934 (Jul) - Back at Ohio state (enrolled in Ohio state summer quarter)
https://www.newspapers.com/image/4729038/?terms=%22Alice%20E.%20Moore%22&match=1
1935 (April) - Currently a technical assistant, Dept. of bacteriology, Ohio State University
Request (PDF : [HE0046][GDrive] ) for research info from Dr. Albert Bruce Sabin (born 1906) , the developer of the oral Polio Vaccine
Request was for "The mechanism of immunity to filterable viruses, Parts I - II" - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2065086/?page=1
1937 - Father passes / Mother transfers property
1936 (est?) - Alice Moore moves to New York City
Opportunity to work for Dr. Thomas Francis Jr. (born 1900) at International Health Division of Rockefeller
"[Alice Moore] found out quite a bit about infections and germs by working on animals -- but not quite enough. When she was awarded a Fellowship in Bacteriology she moved over to that department and got her M.A. Then came the chance to go to New York and work as a technician in the International Health Division at Rockefeller under [Dr. Thomas Francis Jr. (born 1900)] who has done the primary work on epidemic influenza." [...]" See See PDF for full Sigma Kappa Triangle Volume 38, No2, issue at [HE004B][GDrive]
Notes:
Alice Moore is age 27, Dr. Thomas Francis is age 36
Dr. Thomas Francis in 1935-1936 was working closely with Dr. Richard Edwin Shope (born 1901) , as shown in this influenza research : [HI0031][GDrive]
Dr. Thomas Francis Jr. (born 1900) was a later a mentor to Dr. Jonas Edward Salk (born 1914) starting at the University of Michigan in 1942
1938 - Dr. Francis joins New York University College of Medicine
See Dr. Thomas Francis Jr. (born 1900) : "From 1938 to 1941 he was professor of bacteriology and chair of the department of the New York University College of Medicine."
1938 - Alice Moore moves to New York University College ; Continues work for Dr. Thomas Francis
"When [Dr. Thomas Francis Jr. (born 1900)] joined the staff of New York University and transferred his carefully nurtured influenza viruses there, [Alice Moore] went to work there. Flasks held these valuable remnants of infectious particles. They had to be nourished to be kept alive so that scores of mice, monkeys, and ferrets could be infected every week in order to find out the nature of the virus and therefore prevent the disease." See See PDF for full Sigma Kappa Triangle Volume 38, No2, issue at [HE004B][GDrive]
1938 (Dec 28) - Alice Moore still in New York City
https://www.newspapers.com/image/304389399/
https://drive.google.com/file/d/15U69aA9eGewhrftm-yeQRUy9Xi2ZWRcl/view?usp=sharing
1938-12-28-the-fremont-news-messenger-ohio-pg-6-clip-moore https://drive.google.com/file/d/1V-V76vs-MXGHEHFdZzwa5V6WigLwMROG/view?usp=sharing
1940 (Aug) - Research publication at New York Univ. - With Dr. Thomas Francis Jr. - " A Study of the neurotropic tendency in strains of the virus of Epidemic Influenza"
Dr. Thomas Francis Jr. (born 1900) is the first person to isolate influenza virus in the United States
Dr. Thomas Francis in 1935-1936 was working closely with Dr. Richard Edwin Shope (born 1901) , as shown in this influenza research : [HI0031][GDrive]
Dr. Thomas Francis Jr. (born 1900) was a later a mentor to Dr. Jonas Edward Salk (born 1914) starting at the University of Michigan in 1942
1941 (July 16) - Marriage to Maurice Henderschott ; Honeymoon to Guatemala
Source : Ancestry.com : [HL006S][GDrive]
Name: Alice E. Moore (Age: 33 / Birth Date: Jun 1908 / Birth Place , Bellevue, Ohio )
Marriage Date: 26 Jul 1941, in Marriage Place: New York, Manhattan, New York, New York, USA
Residence Street Address: E. 26 St.
Occupation: Medical Student
Father: John P. Moore / Mother : Chella A. Moore
Spouse: Murice C. Hendershott (from Ohio? Is this him ? https://osupublicationarchives.osu.edu/?a=d&d=LTN19230531-01.2.13&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN------- )
Witnesses : Martha Jane Leibanderfer ; D. E. Dodds
[ Was this the honeymoon - to Guatemala ? See the image below : [HJ0012][GDrive] .. ]
1942 (May 29) - Completed medical board degree from New York University
Others in her class include Saul J. Farber, Arnold W. Friedman, Robert M. Gabrielson, Irma H. Gross, Carol K. Smith, Harvey P. Kopell, Harold Lief, Doris H. Milman, and David F. Sunkin. (Source : https://sci-hub.se/10.1001/jama.1941.02820520079035# )
1942 (Oct 30) - Dr. Alice Moore is a "senior doctor at Bellevue (NYC) Hospital"
1942 (late) or 1943(early) : Alice Moore is invited to OPERATE the Yellow Fever Vaccine Laboratory at Rockefeller Foundation
See PDF for full Sigma Kappa Triangle Volume 38, No2, issue at [HE004B][GDrive] :
Interning at Bellevue was next -- with a stretch as "senior" on the men's psychopathic ward -- and it probably would have continued at least another year but the increasing medical needs of the war have meant that people who yearn to still learn have to go to active medical work. [This suggests Dr. Alice Moore was there for less than a year]
And being invited to operate the Yellow Fever Vaccine Laboratory at Rockefeller Foundation, and the first medical female on the Rockefeller Foundation staff, was not anything to turn down.
See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow_fever_vaccine
"In 1937, Max Theiler, working with Hugh Smith and Eugen Haagen at the Rockefeller Foundation to improve the vaccine from the "Asibi" strain, discovered that a favorable chance mutation in the attenuated virus had produced a highly effective strain that was named 17D. Following the work of Ernest Goodpasture, Theiler used chicken eggs to culture the virus After field trials in Brazil, over one million people were vaccinated by 1939, without severe complications.[7] This vaccine was widely used by the U.S. Army during World War II.[21] For his work on the yellow fever vaccine, Theiler received the 1951 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.[22]Only the 17D vaccine remains in use today.[4]
Theiler's vaccine was responsible for the largest outbreak of Hepatitis B in history: infecting 330,000 soldiers and giving 50,000 jaundice between 1941 and 1942.[23] At the time, chronic infectious hepatitis was not known, so when human serum was used in vaccine preparation, serum drawn from a chronic Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) carrier would contaminate the Yellow Fever Vaccine. Since 1971, screening technology for HBV has been available and is routinely used in situations where HBV contamination is possible including vaccine preparation."
NIH review of this ... https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3673520/
THE ROCKEFELLER FOUNDATION VIRUS PROGRAM: 1951-1971 WITH UPDATE TO 1981
Wilbur G. Downs, MD. : Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, Yale Arbovirus Research Unit, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06510
https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.me.33.020182.000245
[...] When the RF closed out its yellow fever program in the late 1930s there were many experienced field and laboratory workers separated from their lifetime work. Every effort was made to accommodate these workers. Kenneth C. Smithbum, Richard M. Taylor, and J. Austin Kerr were absorbed into the RF Virus Laboratories (RFVL) housed in the North Building of the Rockefeller Institute (now Rockefeller University) complex at 66th Street and York Avenue, New York City. Bauer was then the head of the Laboratories. The laboratory did not involute. Theiler discovered the mouse encephalomyelitis virus, and his classic studies of the epidemiology of this infection, with fecal shedding of virus, provided valuable guidelines for later human poliomyelitis virus studies. George K. Hirst. William F. Friedewald, and Frank L. Horsfall, Jr. made significant contributions to knowledge of the influenza viruses, and Taylor described influenza C, a type as uncommonly encountered now as it was then.
The threat of World War II introduced new priorities for the RF Virus Laboratories. Studies were started on typhus fevers, with John C. Snyder and Charles R. Anderson participating. Anderson contracted typhus and recovered. Anticipated demands for heavy production of the 17D vaccine for military personnel plunged the laboratory staff into developing the necessary equipment and techniques for the job. Staff members assigned to this task included, beside Bauer, Delphine H. Clarke and an assigned specialist, Alice Moore. Edward G. Pickels with a well-equipped machine shop and skilled machinists available developed and refined ultracentrifuges, filters, vacuum desiccating apparatus, and electrophoretic apparatus. Much of this equipment served as prototypes for the laboratory-equipment manufacturing companies that proliferated in later decades. Early production runs of the vaccine had diluted human serum added as a virus protective buffer. A serious outbreak of serum-transmitted hepatitis occurred in US Army personnel immunized with certain of the early vaccine lots. Further lots of vaccine had an aqueous base, no serum, and this complication was thus circumvented.
[...] It was a long stretch from undergraduate work in bacteriology at Ohio State to being the first woman M.D. on the Rockefeller Foundation staff, and there were a few detours along the way. AI arrived at Ohio State for her junior year from Notre Dame College for Women in Cleveland with her mind all made up that she wanted to find out what was under your skin.
Two more years and she had a B.A. in bacteriology (but she didn't become a Sigma Xi because she had never heard of it so didn't answer the note). When she was a senior she began to work as a technician in veterinary medicine -- and acquired the wire-haired Irish terrier who accompanied her to classes from then on, interrupted football games by unscheduled appearances on the field, stole butter regularly for the Sigma Kappa house, acted as host in "Daisy" -- Al's famous Model T Ford, and by his name of "Junior" attracted some attention for the idea of not calling children by that name.
AI found out quite a bit about infections and germs by working on animals -- but not quite enough. When she was awarded a Fellowship in Bacteriology she moved over to that department and got her M.A. Then came the chance to go to New York and work as a technician in the International Health Division at Rockefeller under [Dr. Thomas Francis Jr. (born 1900)] who has done the primary work on epidemic influenza.
AI, of course, was going to school all the time -- and she narrowly escaped getting a Ph.D. in bacteriology. But just when about the only thing that stood in her way was turning in her dissertation, she decided definitely that that wasn't the kind of doctor's degree that she wanted -- so she started all over again.
There were a few annoyances to get over with -- all the bacteriology plus the subjects she'd picked on her own in the suit-yourself College of Arts days didn't quite satisfy for New York University Medical College -- but those were made up on the side. So AI started in as a freshman medical student.
When Dr. Francis joined the staff of New York University and transferred his carefully nurtured influenza viruses there, AI went to work there. Flasks held these valuable remnants of infectious particles. They had to be nourished to be kept alive so that scores of mice, monkeys, and ferrets could be infected every week in order to find out the nature of the virus and therefore prevent the disease.
And feeding those viruses meant that AI in gleaming white (and admitted visitors were done up in long white coats too when they were permitted to enter the sterile cubicle) extracted an embryonic chick from a carefully cleansed egg, removed the eye (because the pigment ruined observation of reaction) , and then minced the remainder with what looked like manicure scissors, sucked up some of the revolting mess in a pipette, and then carefully let a few drops fall in each test tube. And all of this on the dot, by the clock.
June 1942, brought the M.D. degree with Alpha Omega Alpha honorary medical and passing the National Board of Medical Examiners (good for practice in practically any of the 48 states and just about as much stiffer as that indicates) to indicate caliber of work.
Interning at Bellevue was next -- with a stretch as "senior" on the men's psychopathic ward -- and it probably would have continued at least another year but the increasing medical needs of the war have meant that people who yearn to still learn have to go to active medical work.
And being invited to operate the Yellow Fever Vaccine Laboratory at Rockefeller Foundation, and the first medical female on the Rockefeller Foundation staff, was not anything to turn down.
All of this has left out Mr. Hendershott. "Musty," known to Ohio Staters as one of the most popular Phi Gams, business manager of the Makio, and much such, who had put up with a lot in AI' s medical school and interne days. It looked as if for the first time he was going to get a break and see his wife occasionally, and go to bed without expecting a phone to break into his first slumbers.
And it did work out that way -- about two months. Now the shoe's on the other foot, and AI spends a good part of her weekends trying to catch up with her elusive husband who is moving around the country training navy flyers to spot moving targets -- that's about all that can be said about Musty, because he's too busy for permissible small talk about what he's doing.
Of course, the Vaccine lab is rather busy -- it's making vaccines for the Navy, for instance -- but AI says it's all set up on a production line and goes along smoothly. Night Medical Clinic as a faculty member of N.Y.U. takes up some time. But there was still some empty space-and AI isn't used to having time on her hands. And you can't play tennis in winter or ski in New York and you can't always get theater tickets and couldn't go all the time anyway, so Al's favorite amusements don't fill the gap.
1945 (Aug 06) - Hiroshima
1945 (Aug 08) - Funding announced for Sloan Kettering Cancer Research Institute
In 1945, the chairman of General Motors, Alfred P. Sloan, donated $4,000,000 to create the Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research through his Sloan Foundation, and Charles F. Kettering, GM's vice president and director of research, personally agreed to oversee the organization of a cancer research program based on industrial techniques.[21] The originally independent research institute was built adjacent to Memorial Hospital.[21]Groundbreaking at the Sloan Kettering Institute, 1946Newspaper - https://www.newspapers.com/image/52691550/?terms=sloan%20kettering%20cancer&match=1 wiki - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memorial_Sloan_Kettering_Cancer_Center 1947 (Jan 07) - Notes, still married
https://www.newspapers.com/image/304990277/?terms=%22Dr.%20Alice%20Moore%22&match=1
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1FS1LJRHZaKJ6jxGdQa2q-WXW5e89Ui7a/view?usp=sharing
1947-01-07-the-fremont-news-messenger-ohio-pg-6-clip-alice-moore.jpg https://drive.google.com/file/d/10EHPHM3_Wd8LTCWbtrS3lBi6d08BDpqe/view?usp=sharing
1947 (Mar) - NY City Smallpox outbreak - Patient 1 goes to Bellevue Hospital (NYC)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1947_New_York_City_smallpox_outbreak
1947 (April 05) - "Israel Weinstein (NYC) says we need smallpox vaccinations!"
https://www.newspapers.com/image/444805567/?terms=bellevue%20smallpox&match=1
Late 1940s - Dr. Alice Moore has a lab at Sloan Kettering; Student is Charlotte Friend (who becomes a Pioneer in Cancer Cell Biology)
Source : https://www.newyorkalmanack.com/2014/03/charlotte-friend-a-pioneer-in-cancer-cell-biology/
"Charlotte Friend: A Pioneer in Cancer Cell Biology"
March 10, 2014 by Guest Contributor 1 Comment
The story of Charlotte Friend is a true New York story. Friend was a noted microbiologist who made important contributions to the study of cancer. She was an advocate for women’s rights and worked hard to improve the position of women in science.
Charlotte Friend was born March 11, 1921 in New York City, a city she loved. She received a Bachelor’s degree from Hunter College in 1944 and then entered the Navy, where she was assigned to help direct a hematology laboratory in California. She left the Navy in 1946 and began graduate work in microbiology at Yale University. By the time she received her doctorate in 1950, Dr. Friend already had a position in the laboratory of Dr. Alice Moore at the Sloan-Kettering Institute in New York City. She stayed in New York for the rest of her life.
In 1956, Friend gave a paper at the annual meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research in which she stated that she had discovered a virus that caused a leukemia-like disorder in newborn mice. She was roundly criticized for bringing up what was considered to be the old canard of viruses causing cancer. Only Peyton Rous, who had made a similar announcement years before, spoke in her defense.
But the tide of change on this issue was turning in the face of mounting evidence. Dr. Friend had not been the only researcher whose work suggested this. By the next year, Friend had published her work in the prestigious Journal of Experimental Medicine, with the careful editing of Dr. Rous. She was also supported by Jacob Furth, who announced that he had studied Dr. Friend’s pathologic material and that leukemia truly had been found to result from the new virus, which became known as the Friend leukemia virus.
Friend spent the following years investigating different aspects of the virus, as did many other researchers. She worked with various collaborators, often cooperating in international research efforts. Dr. Friend loved to travel and formed many long-term friendships with colleagues in Europe. Her sabbatical years (1963 and 1975) were spent in laboratories in Australia, Israel, France and Italy. She also attended many international meetings, often being one of only a handful of women scientists there. Still, while clearly social, she also maintained a very small laboratory staff and did not take on many graduate students to work with her.
Dr. Friend was very active in scientific associations and in outside professional activities such as grant reviewing and serving on editorial boards and advisory councils. In the 1970s, when many associations ‘discovered’ their female members in reaction to the women’s movement, Dr. Friend was asked to assume leadership roles in several important organizations including: chairman of the Gordon Conference (1973); member of the Board of Directors (1973-76) and president (1976) of the American Association for Cancer Research; president of the Harvey Society (1978/79); and president of the New York Academy of Sciences (1978).
In 1966, Charlotte Friend left Sloan-Kettering to become the first Director of the Center for Experimental Cell Biology and a Professor at the still developing Mount Sinai School of Medicine. She was the first and only female full Professor in the School when the faculty was officially formed in 1966. She also served as a Professor in the Mount Sinai Graduate School of Biological Sciences. At Mount Sinai, she established her own laboratory, which in 1967 was endowed as the Mollie B. Roth Laboratory. Peyton Rous was the speaker at the event. Still, it was an unending struggle to find the funding to keep the lab well-staffed and well equipped, a situation that got steadily harder as federal funding began to shrink in the 1970s.
[...]
1949 (April 18) -
(No full newspaper page saved)
1949 (April 29) - Update on Dr. Alice Moore's research at Sloan-Kettering ; Includes info on family in Bellevue, Ohio
https://www.newspapers.com/image/302875799/?terms=%22Dr.%20Alice%20E.%20Moore%22&match=1
1949-04-29-the-fremont-news-messenger-ohio-pg-16.jpg https://drive.google.com/file/d/1qJrLUZGTmCSB8Fp6uUVxaqF0R2duSor7/view?usp=sharing
1949-04-29-the-fremont-news-messenger-ohio-pg-16-clip-alice-e-moore.jpg https://drive.google.com/file/d/1MyJxXjcQUbXQq1pQFeIcz5Q_9XcNgt44/view?usp=sharing
Dr. Alice E. Moore is a niece of Mrs. F. H. Berger of Bluckland Avenue (presumably of Fremont, Ohio)
Dr. Alice E. Moore is a daughter of Mrs. John Moore of Bellevue, Ohio
1949 (Aug 28)
https://www.newspapers.com/image/637944890/?terms=%22Dr.%20Alice%20Moore%22&match=1
1949-08-28-fort-worth-star-telegram-pg-14-clip-cancer-center.jpg
NOTE - her boss RHoads had worked directly for Smon FLexner In 1929 Rhoads joined the staff of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, now Rockefeller University, where he worked for Simon Flexner. He was also staff pathologist at Rockefeller Hospital.[11] His early research interests included hematology and poliomyelitis. He worked at Rockefeller until 1939.[12][13]
1949 - Research at Sloan Kettering Institute for Cancer Research - "Inhibition of Development of Sarcoma 180 by 4-Amino-N10-Methyl Pteroylglutamic Acid".
By : [Dr. Alice E. Moore (born 1908)], CC Stock, K Sugiura, [Cornelius Packard "Dusty" Rhoads (born 1898)]
Summary: The compound 4-Amino-N10-methyl pteroylglutamic acid, has shown the ability to inhibit the growth of the transplantable mouse Sarcoma 180 when administered intraperitoneally in concentrations of 1.5 mg/kg each day for 7 days. At this dosage very few …
1949 (June 27) - Dr. Rhoads on the cover of Time Magazine as "Cancer-Fighter"
[HP005V][GDrive]Full Text of full article : [HP005X][GDrive]Mentioned : Cornelius Packard "Dusty" Rhoads (born 1898) / Dr. Alice E. Moore (born 1908) / [...]
Promising Molds. Dr. Rhoads and his associates believe that no possibility, even faintly promising, should be neglected. One long shot is to look for something in the secretions of molds. One such secretion, penicillin, has a differential effect on bacteria: it kills bacteria but leaves human tissue unharmed. Molds might conceivably produce something with a differential effect on cancer cells.
In a cold, air-conditioned room in Sloan-Kettering, various molds (green or white mats) are growing in flasks. The program is still young, but already one mold has been found that secretes a substance with a slight differential effect on mouse tumors. [] does not even want to talk about it yet. He has no "cancer penicillin."
Behind a door marked "No Visitors" (no one may enter who has not been properly immunized), works attractive Dr. Alice Moore, a leading virus fancier. "I'm a virus girl," she says, "so I thought I'd try 'em." She tried influenza virus on cancerous mice. No effect. She tried the virus of herpes (inflammation of the skin and mucous membranes). No effect.
Then she turned to the deadly virus of Russian spring-and-summer encephalitis, injected it into the abdominal cavity of cancerous mice. In about two days the firm, round tumors turned into blobs of pus. All the cancer cells apparently died. But the virus then went on and attacked the nerves and brain. Four days later the mice, apparently cured of cancer, died of encephalitis. Nonetheless, the virus had shown a dramatic differential effect. It went first to the tumor and thrived there before attacking the brain.
Try the Viruses. There is a long list of things that Dr. Alice can do now to exploit her discovery—so many things that Dr. Rhoads is enlarging her dangerous laboratory. One is to try the encephalitis virus on monkeys. The laboratory strain has lived so long in mouse brains that it may have lost its ability to attack primates. If it proves harmless to monkeys, it probably will not hurt humans. The final step will be to try it on human cancer patients to see if it attacks their tumors.
Another thing that Dr. Alice hopes to do is to grow her virus for a long time in mouse tumors, transferring it from mouse to mouse as the tumors die. When grown on new food, viruses often change their ways. Dr. Alice hopes that the encephalitis virus might be taught to give up its taste for brain tissue while increasing its appetite for tumors.
If all these methods fail, there are plenty of other viruses to try against cancer. Some of them, comparatively harmless to normal human tissue, may attack tumors. If some such virus could be found or developed, it would be an ideal anti-cancer drug. Circulating through the body like a ferret through rat holes, it could hunt down every gangster cell.
[...]
1949 Summary - "Alice Moore was the first scientist to test oncolytic virotherapy in an animal model. "
Working with Russian Far East encephalitis virus, complete regression was achieved in some cases of mouse sarcoma 180 - the first animal model to demonstrate full regression through viral oncolysis [7]. "
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3398296/ : J Transl Med. 2012; 10: 3.
Published online 2012 Jan 4. doi: 10.1186/1479-5876-10-3 / PMCID: PMC3398296 / PMID: 22216938
"Oncolytic virotherapy in veterinary medicine: current status and future prospects for canine patients"
In 1950s... ( https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/322438727.pdf )
"1. Targeting and mechanism of OV
Even in the absence of tools to genetically modify viruses in order to make them safer, in the 1950s, Alice Moore observed that it was possible to generate virus strains with higher oncolytic capacity and more tumor specificity through adaptation. In particular, the oncolytic features of Russian encephalitis virus were enhanced after 20–30 passages in the Sarcoma 180 cell line as compared to the original strain, leading to the idea that the tumor cells could exert an evolutionary pressure upon the virus, favoring those particles adapted to replicate in the tumor [122]. After the development of techniques for the manipulation of DNA, these tools were used to break down the barriers for the development of virotherapy. Thus, undesirable virulence could be mitigated by eliminating key genes from the viral genome, generating attenuated viruses. The viral genome often codes important proteins that regulate its replication in postmitotic cells. For example, the thymidine kinase (TK) gene is associated with DNA synthesis and cell cycle progression [123]. Taking advantage of this information, Martuza and collaborators showed that HSV lacking the gene coding for TK could replicate in dividing cells, but replication was hampered in quiescent cells, in line with the need for selective replication in tumor cells. In an animal model of glioma, locally administrated mutant HSV led to inhibition of tumor growth and showed decreased neurotoxicity [121]. Alternatively, the viral life cycle may be guided by cellular or virus-encoded microRNAs that alter the level of expression of cell-specific proteins [124]."
1950 (May 04 to Sep 02) - Traveling to Europe for 4 months
Departure : May 4, 1950 to Plymouth England (Original : [HJ000V][GDrive] )
Ship : "SS Ile De France" [ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SS_%C3%8Ele_de_France ]
Return: Sep 2, 1950 (from Harve) ( Original : [HJ000X][GDrive] )
Ship : "RMS Caronia" [ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RMS_Caronia_(1947) ]
NOTE - on the return, she went by her husband's name Hendershott"
1950 (May 22) -
https://www.newspapers.com/image/315324916/?terms=%22Alice%20E.%20Moore%22&match=1
1950-05-22-tampa-bay-times-pg-13-clip-chemical-cure.jpg
1950 (July 25) - In Paris: "Fifth International Cancer Research Congress"
https://www.newspapers.com/image/109229307/?terms=%22Alice%20E.%20Moore%22&match=1
1950-07-25-the-eugene-guard-oregon-pg-8-clip-blood-test.jpg
1951 (April) - Research : "Enhancement of Oncolytic Effect of Russian Encephalitis Virus."
Source : [HI002X][GDrive] / Alice E. Moore, First Published April 1, 1951 Research Article
Summary - By continuous passage in the transplantable mouse tumor sarcoma 180 it has been possible to increase the ability of the virus of Russian encephalitis to destroy this tumor. Conversely, continuous passage in the mouse brain resulted in a loss of oncolytic activity. In other experiments the virus of Russian encephalitis was changed by continuous passage in the Wagnar osteogenic sarcoma so that it caused destruction of this hitherto resistant tumor
1951 (Nov) - Published Research with Dr. Chester Southam : "West Nile, Ilheus, and Bunyamwera virus infections in man" (But it appears to have been deleted!)
Am J Trop Med Hyg ( aka 'The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene') . 1951 Nov;31(6):724-41. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1951.s1-31.724.
PMID: 14894758
Abstract only from Semantics Scholar :
West Nile, Ilheus and Bunyamwera viruses have been inoculated into patients with advanced inoperable neoplastic diseases in hopes of inhibiting the neoplasms. The course of infection of man by these viruses has not previously been known. Results of this study have been presented, with emphasis on the clinical picture and virology.
West Nile produced an asymptomatic infection in 5 of 21 patients inoculated.
Ilheus virus infected 9 of the 19 patients inoculated. It caused mild encephalitis in 3 patients, and in the other patients caused no symptoms.
Bunyamwera virus caused a very severe encephalitis with residual mental damage in one patient. It failed to infect 3 other patients.
There was no significant effect on growth of the neoplasms, but localization of virus in tumor tissue was demonstrated in some patients with each of the 3 viruses.
Deleted : https://www.ajtmh.org/doi/10.4269/ajtmh.1951.s1-31.724
2021-03-24-ajtmh-org-doi-10-4269-jtmh-1951-s1-31-724-screenshot
2021-03-24-semanticscholar-org-paper-west-nile-southam-moore-ajtmh-1951-s1-31-724
1951 (Nov 16)
https://www.newspapers.com/image/210533654/?terms=%22Alice%20E.%20Moore%22&match=1
1951-11-16-lansing-state-journal-pg-15-clip-virus-cancer.jpg
1952 (Jan 11)
https://www.newspapers.com/image/358997116/?terms=%22Alice%20E.%20Moore%22&match=1
1952-01-11-the-daily-news-journal-mufeesboro-tn-pg-8-clip-cancer
1952 (Jan 22)
https://www.newspapers.com/image/11852406/?terms=%22Alice%20E.%20Moore%22&match=1
1952-01-23-the-post-standard-syracuse-ny-pg-5-clip-sloan-kettering.jpg
1952 (March 27)
https://www.newspapers.com/image/373332613/?terms=%22Alice%20E.%20Moore%22&match=1
1952-03-27-the-baltimore-sun-pg-9-clip-cancers.jpg
NOTE - "Dr. Alice E. Moore, former head of the yellow-fever vaccine department of the Rockefeller Foundation and now an investigator at the Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research"
1952 (April 08)
https://www.newspapers.com/image/651415829/?terms=%22Alice%20E.%20Moore%22&match=1
1952-04-08-the-greenville-daily-advocate-pg-3.jpg
1952-04-08-the-greenville-daily-advocate-pg-3-clip-ohio-woman-viruses.jpg
1952 Research help for Hilary Koprowski - "LATENT OR DORMANT VIRAL INFECTIONS. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 54(6), 963–976."
[Dr. Hilary Koprowski (born 1916)]. LATENT OR DORMANT VIRAL INFECTIONS. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 54(6), 963–976. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1952.tb39972.x / PDF : [HP005Y][GDrive]
NOTE Page 971 Footnote, and the credit to Dr. Alice E. Moore (born 1908) : ( PDF : [HP005Y][GDrive] / For this page, see [HP0061][GDrive] ) : "The author expresses his grateful appreciation to Dr. Alice E. Moore, of the Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, for the mice-bearing tumors; and to Dr. Stanley Stellar, of the Department of Neurosurgery, New York School of Medicine, for the human tumors."
1953 (March 15) - "This Week Magazine" on "A cure for cancer" (Baltimore Sun version)
1954 (Jan) - Published Research : "Anti-Virus Antibody Studies Following Induced Infection of Man with West Nile, Ilhéus, and Other Viruses" by Chester M. Southam and Alice E. Moore
Published in : Journal of Immunology June 1, 1954, 72 (6) 446-462; Received November 6, 1953.
Full article not available - Has it been deleted ? See [HP005O][GDrive]
Summary and Conclusions :
Serial specimens of human serum were studied for the presence of anti-virus antibodies following the intentional inoculation of viruses as part of a clinical experimental study of the effects of these virus infections upon advanced cancer. Included in the study are sera from 20 patients following the inoculation of Smithburn's isolate of West Nile virus, and 50 patients following inoculation of the Egypt 101 isolate of West Nile virus; 20 patients following Ilhéus virus, 10 patients following Newcastle disease virus, and 1 or more patients following inoculation of Bunyamwera, Semliki Forest, Br I, Rabies, and R viruses, and the Egypt 19 and Egypt 21 isolates of West Nile virus. Almost all sera were studied by complement fixation technique, and many were studied by neutralization techniques. Sera from 3 patients were also studied for anti-hemagglutinating antibodies against West Nile virus.
All of the techniques included in this study appeared to be approximately equivalent in their capacity to detect and quantitate antibody formation. In general, these viruses caused production of detectable antibodies in a majority of patients between 3 and 4 weeks after virus inoculation. Thereafter neutralizing antibody titers remained generally stable for the duration of this study, which rarely exceeded 6 months, but complement-fixation antibody titers often fell after 3 to 4 months. Newcastle disease virus differend from the other viruses studied in that the onset of complement-fixing antibody formation was more rapid and the titer of serum antibodies was greater than seen with the other viruses studied. This difference, however, was not observed when the neutralization technique was used.
These data are in agreement with the conclusion that Egypt 101 virus and West Nile virus are antigenically identical, and data from a single patient is compatible with the view that Egypt 21 virus is also identical with West Nile virus. No satisfactory data were available for any conclusion concerning the Egypt 19 virus. There was no major cross-reaction between the West Nile viruses and Ilhéus virus. Antibodies against Japanese encephalitis virus were demonstrated in 2 patients following inoculation of Egypt 101 and Ilhéus virus. These same sera did not react with Western equine encephalitis virus.
There were no data which suggested that any of the patients included in this study had had any previous exposure to West Nile or any antigenically similar virus. A few patients showed suggestive, but not conclusive, evidence of previous contact with antigenic material similar to Ilhéus and Newcastle disease viruses.
Antibody formation occurred following inoculation of virus whether the virus propagated or not. Among patients inoculated with a single virus, there was no apparent correlation between the amount of virus propagation and the magnitude of the antibody response. However, when comparing different viruses, it appeared that those viruses which were more infective for man also stimulated greater antibody production. There were suggestive data to indicate that antibody formation in patients with lymphomatous neoplasms is poorer than in patients with other types of neoplastic disease. There was no apparent relationship between antibody forming ability and various types of cancer other than lymphoma.
1955 (April 26)
https://www.newspapers.com/image/348119355/?terms=%22Alice%20E.%20Moore%22&match=1
1955-04-26-casper-morning-star-pg-10-clip-new-flu-vaccine.jpg
1955 (April 27)
https://www.newspapers.com/image/4777784/?terms=%22Alice%20E.%20Moore%22&match=1
1955-04-27-the-delta-democrat-times-greenville-mississippi-pg-16-clip-virus-cancer
1955 (May 7)
https://www.newspapers.com/image/57443086/?terms=%22Alice%20E.%20Moore%22&match=1
1955-05-07-newport-daily-news-pg-6-clip-cancers
1955 (June 08)
https://www.newspapers.com/image/4640036/?terms=%22Alice%20E.%20Moore%22&match=1
1955-06-08-the-sandusky-register-ohio-pg-14-clip-william-crombie.jpg
1956 (March 9)
https://www.newspapers.com/image/81896150/?terms=%22Alice%20E.%20Moore%22&match=1
1956-03-09-the-daily-times-new-philadelphia-ohio-pg-9-clip-cancer-conquest
1956 (June 15)
https://www.newspapers.com/image/595495873/?terms=%22dr%20alice%20moore%22&match=1
1957 (Jan 11)
https://www.newspapers.com/image/601657761/?terms=%22Alice%20E.%20Moore%22&match=1
1957-01-11-the-bucyrus-ohio-telegraph-forum-pg-9-clip-cancer-prisoners.jpg
1957 (Jan) - Testing reports (noted in a Tweet)
Link to Tweet : [HT00C2][GDrive] / Jason Sheltzer / @JSheltzer
A dark paper from the history of cancer research: HeLa and other malignant cells were injected into terminally-ill patients and healthy prisoners, “with the cooperation of their warden”. Study author Chester Southam was *later* elected president of @AACR.
See - https://sci-hub.se/10.1126/science.125.3239.158#
See: Dr. Alice E. Moore (born 1908) / Dr. Cornelius Packard "Dusty" Rhoads (born 1898) / Dr. Chester Milton Southam (born 1919)
1957 (Feb 17)
https://www.newspapers.com/image/282599270/?terms=%22dr%20alice%20moore%22&match=1
1957-02-17-the-jackson-tennessee-sun-pg-5-clip-medical-testing.jpg
1957 (Feb 25) : Time Magazine - "Medicine: Cancer Volunteers"
http://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,936841,00.html
On wooden benches in the well-guarded recreation hall of the Ohio Penitentiary at Columbus sat 53 convicts—killers in for life, bank robbers, embezzlers, check forgers. Some wore the white jacket and trousers of hospital attendants (duty for which they had volunteered in the prison); others, fresh from work gangs, wore blue dungarees. As a man's name was called he walked upstairs to a room equipped as an emergency surgery, sat down and proffered a bare forearm. Dr. Chester M. Southam of Manhattan's Sloan-Kettering Institute then proceeded to inject live cancer cells.
First, [Dr. Chester Milton Southam (born 1919)] used Novocain to anesthetize an area about three inches across. Into the middle of the area he stuck a tattoo needle that left a blue dot for a reference mark. Out of a vial and into a hypodermic syringe he drew up a cubic centimeter of pink fluid—mostly water, but containing millions of cancer cells from human victims of the disease. The cells had been grown for years in test tubes by Dr. Alice E. Moore, Sloan-Kettering tissue-culture specialist, who had carried the cells to Columbus herself —in her handbag.
Dr. Southam inserted the point of the needle alongside the tattoo mark and worked it up the arm for an inch and a half, just under the skin. A push on the plunger injected half the shot (three to five million cells) into the volunteer's arm. Dr. Southam pulled out the needle, turned it around and repeated the process lower down the arm. (Some volunteers received implants of tissue fragments of other human cancer strains, grown in animals and chick embryos.)
Three-Time Repeaters. The prisoners thus injected two weeks ago had been chosen from 150 who volunteered for the tests, which began last spring (TIME, June 4). The aim: to determine whether a healthy individual has an immunity against implanted cancer that will cause his system to reject it just as the healthy body rejects other transplants or grafts from a different individual. In advanced cancer victims this rejection mechanism seems to be greatly diminished or absent. Of the 53 subjects, 27 received implants for the first time, 15 were getting them for the second time, and eleven were three-shot veterans. This last group had received the same type of cancer cells (out of seven types cultivated by Dr. Moore) on the first two occasions, had already shown a high degree of immunity. Now, for their third pair of implants, they received cancer cells of a different type.
The blobs of fluid containing the cancer cells made little bumps on each man's arm. In a matter of hours or days, some of these swelled up and became tender and inflamed; the healthy body's natural defenses were at work and plain to see. In other cases the men felt no appreciable discomfort, and the swelling disappeared without any noticeable inflammatory stage; the body's defenses had worked just as effectively but less conspicuously.
1957 (April 15)
https://www.newspapers.com/image/90481145/?terms=%22Alice%20E.%20Moore%22&match=1
1957-04-15-the-circleville-herald-ohio-pg-1.jpg
1957-04-15-the-circleville-herald-ohio-pg-1-clip-prisoner-tests.jpg
1957 (May 12) - Cancer is NOT contagious
https://www.newspapers.com/image/574931914/?terms=%22alice%20E.%20moore%22&match=1
1957 (Oct 05)
"recently at a two month research in cologne, Germany"
"discoverd a virus causes cancer"
https://www.newspapers.com/image/305164179/?terms=%22alice%20E.%20moore%22&match=1
1957 (Dec 10) - Work with Dr. Salk
See Dr. Jonas Edward Salk (born 1914) ;
https://www.newspapers.com/image/162556455/?terms=alice%20moore%20sloan%20kettering&match=1
1957-12-10-the-journal-news-white-plains-ny-pg-6-clip-salk.jpg
1957 (Dec 15)
See Dr. Jonas Edward Salk (born 1914) ;
https://www.newspapers.com/image/313335409/?terms=%22alice%20E.%20moore%22&match=1
1957-12-15-the-lincoln-journal-pg-8-clip-salk,jpg
1958 (specific date unknown) - First death of "Powassan Virus" (a 5-yr-old boy in Ontario, Canada)
See : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Powassan_virus
Powassan virus (POWV) is a Flavivirus named after the town of Powassan, Ontario, Canada where it was identified in a 5 year old boy who died from encephalitis in 1958.[2][3] The virus exists in North America and causes long-term neurological sequelae.[4][5][6] The first human case in the United States was found in 1970 in New Jersey and in Russia in 1978.[2] As of 2010, Powassan virus has been noted as the only tick-borne Flavivirus in North America with human pathogenicity.[7]
Powassan virus is also found in the warm climate across Eurasia, where it is part of the tick-borne encephalitis virus-complex.[8] It is found in the Russian Far East (Primorsky Krai) and appears to have been introduced there 70 years ago.[9]
AbstractIssues associated with newly emerging viruses, their genetic diversity, and viral evolution in modern environments are currently attracting growing attention. In this study, a phylogenetic analysis was performed and the evolution rate was evaluated for such pathogenic flaviviruses endemic to Russia as tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) and Powassan virus (PV). The analysis involved 47 nucleotide sequences of the TBEV genome region encoding protein E and 17 sequences of the PV NS5-encoding region. The nucleotide substitution rate was estimated as 1.4 × 10−4 and 5.4 × 10−5 substitutions per site per year for the E protein-encoding region of the TBEV genome and for the NS5 genome region of PV, respectively. The ratio of non-synonymous to synonymous nucleotide substitutions (dN/dS) in viral sequences was calculated as 0.049 for TBEV and 0.098 for PV. The highest dN/dS values of 0.201–0.220 were found in the subcluster of Russian and Canadian PV strains, and the lowest value of 0.024 was observed in the cluster of Russian and Chinese strains of the Far Eastern TBEV genotype. Evaluation of time intervals between the events of viral evolution showed that the European subtype of TBEV diverged from the common TBEV ancestor approximately 2750 years ago, while the Siberian and Far Eastern subtypes emerged approximately 2250 years ago. The PV was introduced into its natural foci of the Russian Primorskii krai only approximately 70 years ago; these strains were very close to Canadian PV strains. The pattern of PV evolution in North America was similar to the evolution of the Siberian and Far Eastern TBEV subtypes in Asia. The moments of divergence between major genetic groups of TBEV and PV coincide with historical periods of climate warming and cooling, suggesting that climate change was a key factor in the evolution of flaviviruses in past millenniaEARLY RESEARCH IN CANADA - https://www.newspapers.com/image/501924292/?terms=powassan%20tick&match=1
1958 (Feb 14)
https://www.newspapers.com/image/221670710/?terms=%22alice%20E.%20moore%22&match=1
1958-02-14-the-courier-news-bridgewater-nj-pg-21-clip-cancer
1958 (July 07) -
https://www.newspapers.com/image/604440745/?terms=%22alice%20E.%20moore%22&match=1
1958-07-08-the-chattanooga-times-pg-17-clip-chemical-aide.jpg
1958 World Cancer Congress in London
Video of opening : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WipYvpFJ580
World Cancer Congress Opens (1958)
Video posted Apr 13, 2014, on channel British Pathé
1958 (July 24) - Return from Shannon (Ireland?), from 7th World Cancer Congress
1958 (July 31)
https://www.newspapers.com/image/481675548/?terms=%22alice%20E.%20moore%22&match=1
1958-07-31-calgary-herald-pg-4-clip-cancer.jpg
1959 (Aug 13) - Dr. Rhoads dies
1960 - Husband (ex?) Maurice Hendershott may be living separately in Detroit ?
Was Maurice Hendershott in Detroit in 1960? https://www.newspapers.com/image/603150438/?terms=%22maurice%20hendershott%22&match=1
1960 (June 04) - Buffalo Evening News : Alice e Moore, Charlotte Friend, AND Bernice Eddy !!
Mentioned : Dr. Charlotte Friend (born 1921) / Bernice Elaine Eddy (born 1903) / Sarah Elizabeth Stewart (born 1905) / Dr. Alice E. Moore (born 1908)
1960 (Sep 29)
https://www.newspapers.com/image/584372977/?terms=%22alice%20E.%20moore%22&match=1
1960-09-29-the-santa-fe-new-mexican-pg-25-clip-human-cancer.jpg
1961 (Jan 05)
https://www.newspapers.com/image/384942721/?terms=%22alice%20E.%20moore%22&match=1
1961-01-05-austin-american-statesman-pg-15-clip-virus-aids-researchers.jpg
1961 (Aug) - Returning form (cant read ... ) ?
1961 (Sep 26)
Mentioned: Dr. Alice E. Moore (born 1908) ; Dr. Charlotte Friend (born 1921) ; ...
1961 (Oct 19) - Speaking with David A. Karnofsky
Full newspaper page : [HN01JM][GDrive] ; Speaking with https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_A._Karnofsky
1962 - Attending 9th International Cancer Congress, Moscow
Moscow, U.S.S.R., July 22–28, 1962
Report on the VIII International Cancer Congress : Source : [HP0063][GDrive]
Note - One section written by Dr. Charlotte Friend (born 1921) ...
1963 (Feb 20)
https://www.newspapers.com/image/304519848/?terms=%22dr%20alice%20moore%22&match=1
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1pje6BOJsoB72bMDDrHCQMihdkVBLsa8P/view?usp=sharing
1963-02-20-the-fremont-news-messenger-ohio-pg-21-clip-alice-moore https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wtaezWsGxqpwUOr1QMtiXTZW6m0ejQ2y/view?usp=sharing
1963 (May 12-14) - Dr. Alice E. Moore has multiple roles with the "Fifth Meeting of the Human Cancer Virus Task Force" ... which later becomes the SVCP (Special Virus Cancer Program)
See (2004) "An Administrative History of the National Cancer Institute’s Viruses and Cancer Programs, 1950-1972 ", by By Carl G. Baker, M.D. / Source of PDF at [HB006C][GDrive]
Also See [ Special Virus-Cancer Program ]
The Fifth Meeting of the Human Cancer Virus Task Force
At this meeting held at the Airlie House Conference Center on May 12-14, 1963, twenty-six investigators from Task Force participating laboratories presented current work underway in their laboratories. The arrangement provided many opportunities for informal interchange of ideas, information, and future possibilities. The informality and common purpose encouraged the reporting of up-to-date activities well before publication. This meeting initiated a series of annual meetings attended by leading investigators in the cancer-viruses field and their staffs. The annual congregations continued for more than a decade and are continued still under the tutelage of Bob Gallo. At the close of the first meeting five informal subcommittees of the Task Force composed of members from the participating laboratories were formed:
PPLO Subcommittee
J. Horoszewicz (Chairman) RPMI
E. de Harven SKI
➡️ A. Moore SKI
R. Manaker LVO-NCI
N. Somerson LID-NIAID
K. Smith Baylor U.
R. Holdenried VRRB-NCI
R. Meyer VRRB-NCI
Laboratory Animals Subcommittee
E Mirand (Chairman) RPMI
F. Rapp Baylor U.
W. Rowe LID-NIAID
P. Sarma LID-NIAID
J. Moloney LVO-NCI
R. Holdenried VRRB-NCI
L. Murphy VRRB-NCI
Primates Subcommittee
J. Melnick (Chairman) Baylor U.
C. Southam SKI
H. Coates LID-NIAID
F. Rauscher LVO-NCI
E. Mirand RPMI
R. Holdenried VRRB-NCI
L. Murphy VRRB-NCI
Cell Culture Subcommittee
R. Stevenson (Chairman) VRRB-NCI
S. Stewart LVO-NCI
D. Yohn RPMI
M. Benyesh-Melnick Baylor U.
➡️ A. Moore SKI
R Chanock LID-NIAID
R. Meyer VRRB-NCI
Electron Microscope Subcommittee
A. Dalton (Chairman) LVO-NCI
K. Smith Baylor U.
E. de Harven SKI
R. Zeigel LVO-NCI
G. Niwayama RPMI
J. Horoszewicz RPMI
1964 (Jan 30)
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1964-01-30-the-high-point-enterprise-north-carolina-pg-11-c-clip-transplanting.jpg
1964 (May 22)
https://www.newspapers.com/image/460281970/?terms=%22dr%20alice%20moore%22&match=1
1964-05-22-the-daily-news-new-york-pg-48-clip-animal-blood-serum
The discovery of a virus that appears capable of knocking out leukemia in mice without seriously harming the animals has been reported b/ a team of Long Island scientists.
The virus seems to he different from any other found in mice, a scientist said yesterday, and may represent a new category of these infectious agents.
Its unusual properties may account for the strange circumstances under which the virus was found by scientists at the Waldemar Research Foundation of Woodbury, L. I.
Those circumstances, in fact, may point the way to the development, of techniques for finding other viruses of similar characteristics — perhaps viruses that could be used safely against cancer In humans—the scientists said.
The report was presented yesterday to newsmen by Dr. Norman Molomut, director of Waldemar, at the New York Hilton Hotel. His colleagues, Dr. Morton Padnos and Dr. Leo Gross, were also present. Their findings will be published in Nature, the British scientific journal, in its issue of Dec. 5, and in a forthcoming number of The Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
The possibility of using viruses against cancer is not a new idea. The ability of viruses to kill cells and their preference for infecting only certain kinds led to speculation many years ago over whether viruses could be found that would attack cancer cells preferentially.
Work in 1920's Recalled
Work along this line began with the use of quite common viruses injected directly into animal cancers, and some measure of success was reported.
In the early nineteen‐twenties for example, scientists at the Institut Pasteur in Paris reported making animal cancers shrink with injections of vaccinia, the virus in smallpox vaccine.
Early work on anticancer viruses in this country was done at the Sloan‐Kettering Institute by Dr. Alice Moore.
In a telephone interview yesterday, Dr. Moore recalled trying several types of. viruses against several kinds of animal cancers. She killed some of the tumors that way but left others unaffected. Moreover, she said, it was never determined how to predict which virus would work on which cancer.
In the early nineteen‐fifties she and Dr. Chester Southam began using viruses against tumors in human terminal cancer patients.
They found that the virus—Egypt 101, a strain of West Nile virus — sometimes was more destructive of cancer cells than of normal- ones or persisted! longer in tumors than in! healthy tissue.
The trouble was, Dr. Moore said, that the viruses did not "seem to be able to knock out" the very last cancer cell. Therefore, the tumors grew back when the viruses were depleted from the body. Additional injections of virus did not work because the first one acted as a vaccination, rendering the patient immune to further exposures to the virus.
New Findings Outlined
Nor would it have been practical to give an overwhelmingly large initial dose of the virushoping‐in this way to kill all the cancer cells—because this would present the risk of death from viral infection.
In contrast, the virus that the Waldemar scientists have found seems to be ^effective against mouse leukemia —a blood cancer—at doses much lower than those that would cause overwhelming infection.
Moreover, all mice that received the virus are alive and free of cancer more than 150 days after receiving transplants of leukemia tissue, the scientists said. Normally, mice die of transplanted leukemias in a couple of weeks.
The virus was discovered in tissue cultures of a mouse tumor that would not grow when implanted into mice, Dr. Molomut said. The tumor was an Ehrlich ascites carcinoma, a cancer that grows in the abdominal fluid of mice.
In an effort to find out what was preventing the transplanted tumors from “taking” the scientists fractionated the cancer tissue and injected each fraction into mice, Dr. Molomut said.
Blood Stream Studied
Because their research focused primarily on tumor immunity, they, looked for reactions to the injections in the blood stream. One cell‐free fraction of the tumor tissue culture caused a marked depletion in white blood cells, called lymphocytes, Dr. Molomut said.
Inasmuch as leukemia is characterized by an overabundance of white blood cells, he explained, that cell‐free fraction was injected into mice that had received transplants of leukemia tissue. When growth of the leukemia tissue was inhibited, Dr. Molomut said, the fraction was studied further and found to contain a virus.
Dr. Molomut said he believed other viruses probably existed and should be sought in human material.
Meanwhile, the Waldemar virus is being more thoroughly studied by Dr. Molomut and his colleagues, Dr. John B. Nelson at the Rockefeller Institute and Dr. John Maloney of the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Md.
1965 (April 19) - The Berkshire Eagle (Pittsfield, MA) - "Science women plan Bennington event"
Mentioned: Dr. Alice E. Moore (born 1908) / Dr. Charlotte Friend (born 1921) / Bernice Elaine Eddy (born 1903)
1965 (May 17)
https://www.newspapers.com/image/63010580/?terms=%22dr%20alice%20moore%22&match=1
1965-05-17-bennington-banner-bennington-vermont-pg-10.jpg
1965 (June 30) - Start of Special Virus Leukemia Program
See (2004) "An Administrative History of the National Cancer Institute’s Viruses and Cancer Programs, 1950-1972 ", by By Carl G. Baker, M.D. / Source of PDF at [HB006C][GDrive]
Also See [ Special Virus-Cancer Program ]
Special Virus Leukemia Program -- End of F. Y. 1965
With the end of Fiscal Year 1965 on June 30, 1965, the Science/Management Group sent on August 3 a summarizing memorandum to members of the working groups. Part of this memorandum follows:
In a span of approximately eight months, the chairmen and working group members have developed detailed program plans for their respective areas, and accomplished the difficult task of developing and reviewing numerous research projects which have been officially executed as 48 research contracts. As of the close of the books for fiscal year 1965, $9,932,000 of the $10,000,000 appropriated has been obligated. It is realized that the fast pace of activities required for this accomplishment has left insufficient time for working group members to acquire a detailed knowledge of the individual contracts developed by working groups other than their own.
Attachment I presents key information on each contract developed and implemented during the year. The contracts are listed by working groups to stay within the program structure of fiscal year 1965. It is hoped that this material will provide you with the necessary background information so that the tasks of developing new projects and modifying existing program elements can be performed against a complete knowledge of the total program.
There will be some attempt to establish a better distribution of contract renewal dates by fiscal year quarters so as to reduce the heavy concentration of contract reviews that usually takes place in the third and fourth quarters. If this can be practically accomplished, you will receive an updated list of contracts reflecting any changes in renewal date.
Attachment II presents a summary breakdown of the number of contracts and the amount of funds obligated by the working groups.
Attachment III is a summary report of both the scientific and administrative activities accomplished in the program for the time period September 1964 through June 1965.
Attachment IV presents a reiteration and discussion of the main underlying program assumption.
It became increasingly apparent during the year that areas of overlap between the functions of the working groups on Developmental Research, Production, and Resources and Logistics were resulting in an uneven degree of participation by these groups in the program and in confusion as to which group had the responsibility of soliciting, developing, reviewing, and requisite monitoring of various production type contracts. After several discussions with the chairmen of these groups, it seems desirable to effect the following changes:
Eliminate the working group of Production at this time and re-align its membership with the Developmental Research and Resources and Logistics group as follows:
ORIGINAL MEMBERSHIP OF PRODUCTION GROUP ----> NEW ALIGNMENT
Dr. Robert Manaker, NCI (Chairman) ----> Developmental Research
Dr. Robert Couch, NIAID ----> Resources & Logistics
Dr. Paul Gerber, DBS ----> Developmental Research
Dr. Leonard Hayflick, Wistar Institute ----> Testing & Monitoring
Dr. Alice Moore, Sloan-Kettering Inst. ----> Developmental Research
Dr. Timothy O’Conner, NCI ----> Developmental Research
Dr. Alan Rabson, NCI ----> Developmental Research
With the end of the activities of the Special Virus Leukemia Program within fiscal year 1965, Dr. Ray Bryan has resigned as Chairman of the Developmental Research Working Group, in order to devote full time to his heavy responsibilities as a senior program leader in the NCI. Dr. Robert Manaker has agreed to succeed Dr. Bryan as Chairman of the Developmental Research Working Group -- effective July 1, 1965. Dr. A.J. Dalton has agreed to continue as Vice-Chairman.
1965 (Aug 21)
https://www.newspapers.com/image/305089873/?terms=%22dr%20alice%20moore%22&match=1
1965-08-21-the-fremont-news-messenger-ohio-pg-7.jpg https://drive.google.com/file/d/1clTlaAHWgcs5zWQKmydyclzXsRbvWP4k/view?usp=sharing
1965-08-21-the-fremont-news-messenger-ohio-pg-7-clip-alice-moore https://drive.google.com/file/d/1mqyaEmUPbR3wfiom5vltGPHnKfSzZT9_/view?usp=sharing
1966 - Husband (or ex-husband) Maurice Hendershott has died
Was Maurice Hendershott in detroit in 1960? https://www.newspapers.com/image/603150438/?terms=%22maurice%20hendershott%22&match=1
July 1966 : Full page of credit claim notice in newspaper below : [HN01K1][GDrive]
1969 (Oct 10)
https://www.newspapers.com/image/304146966/?terms=%22Alice%20E.%20Moore%22&match=1
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1JfOXv9UZIUtMmfmGylPQONhDp-gNWzJW/view?usp=sharing
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Dr. Frank L. Horsfall Jr., president and director of the Sloan‐Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, died last eve ning at the institute, 410 East 68th Street. He was 64 years old. The cause of death was not disclosed.
Dr. Horsfall had directed the institute as chief executive officer since early in 1960. It is a research unit of the Memorial Sloan‐Kettering Cancer Center, the largest medical center in the world for cancer research.
Dr. Horsfall, a prominent virologist, chemotherapist and a specialist in respiratory infections, had spent 26 years at the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research in this city before he succeeded Dr. C. P. Rhoads as head of the Sloan Kettering Institute.
Dr. Rhoads had directed the institute from its establishment in 1945 until his death in August, 1949. In the latter year i Dr. Horsfall joined the institute's board of scientific consultants.
He was graduated from the University of Washington in 1927 and went on to McGill University, Montreal, where he received his M.D. in 1932.
Served Health Division
After serving his internship and residency periods at Peter Bent Brigham Hospital in Boston and Royal Victoria Hospital and Montreal General Hospital, both in Montreal, he joined the Rockefeller Institute in 1934.
He served as an assistant and assistant resident physician, then as resident physician, until 1937, when he joined the Rockefeller Foundation as a staff member of the International Health Division. He re turned to the institute in 1941 as a member and as physician to the hospital.
Dr. Horsfall served from 1942 to 1946 as a commander with the United States Naval Reserve. He was senior medical officer for the United States Naval Research Unit at the hospital of Rockefeller Institute in 1944–45.
In 1955 he was named vice president for clinical studies and physician in chief to the hospital and in 1957 he added the titles of member and professor.
From 1949 to 1953 he was a member of the board of Scientific Consultants at Sloan Kettering.
In an address at the University of Virginia in 1961, not long after he had taken the top post at the institute, he asserted that heredity can be changed and even directed, at least in the somewhat limited field of bacteria. He also stated that control of heredity in cells could be a key tool in prevent ing cancer.
The finding led to hope that tests could be devised to detect cancer‐causing viruses before disease developed and even to work out immunization procedures to keep the viruses from entering the cells.
At his death Dr. Horsfall was a member and trustee of Sloan Kettering, professor of medi cine at Cornell University Medical College, director and professor of Microbiology at the Sloan‐Kettering division of Medical Sciences at Cornell University; director or research and trustee of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and director of research at the Memorial Hospital for Cancer and Allied Diseases.
He was a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the American Philosophical Society, the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the Association of American Physicians as well as many other scientific societies and organizations.
He was president of the Harvey Society in 1956–57, vice president of the American Society for Clinical Investigation from 1934 to 1944, president of the American Association of Immunologists from 1967 to 1968 and president of the Practitioners' Society since 1969.
Dr. Horsfall was a consultant for and member of a number of private organizations and Government boards. He served on the committee on research‐basic sciences and vaccine advisory committee of The National Foundation, New York, and on the Commission on Health Services of the City of New York.
He also was a member of the scientific advisory committee of the Institute for Cancer Re search, Philadelphia; the board of governors of the Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; the management advisory council of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn., and the U.S.A. National Committee of the International Union Against Cancer.
He was awarded honorary degrees from Uppsala University in Sweden in 1961 and the University of Alberta and Mc Gill university, both in 1963.
He received many scientific awards, including the Eli Lilly Award in Bacteriology and Immunology in 1937, the John F. Lewis Prize of the American Philosophical Society in 1959 and the Fiftieth Anniversary Gold Medal of Peter Bent Brig ham Hospital in 1963.
He leaves his wife, the for mer Norma E. Campagnari, who had been a registered nurse be fore their marriage on July 1, 1937.
He is survived also by three children, Frank L. 3d, Susan and Mary.
A funeral service will be held at Frank E. Campbell's, Madison Avenue and 81st Street, on Monday at 11:30 A.M.
1975 (June 11) - Mother passes
1982 - Dr. Moore retired by now ; Winters in Georgetown ( Washington DC)
Source : 1982 Fall issue of New York University School of Medicine, "Physician" : See [HE004L][GDrive]
" Alice Moore: Retired from cancer research at Memorial Hospital and Sloan-Kettering Institute. Summers at Cornwall Bridge, CT. Winters in Georgetown, Washington, D.C."
Alice E. Moore's home in Cornwall, Connecticut
https://www.redfin.com/CT/Cornwall-Bridge/19-Warren-Hill-Rd-06754/home/107275411
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Only a few miles from Henry Kissinger's estate (which he bought in the early 1980s) ... https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/travel/1984/04/29/connecticuts-litchfield-hills-of-bygones-and-back-roads/56e7704b-66fe-49cb-b074-bd750441f301/
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