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As the title says - this is foundation chemistry - the better the foundation the better the house you can build on it = this is the stuff you need to know for chemistry. (Learn)
By the end of this section you should be able to:
Talk about the structure of the atom, the bits of an atom, what an element is.
Know the common element symbols, know why the periodic table is laid out the way it is, and use that to describe an atoms structure.
Know how electrons are arranged around each atom, and which group on the periodic table it belongs to, plus what electrons do in chemical reactions.
Be able to talk about ions, names, formulae, positive, negative, bonding.
Use formulae to determine how many atoms there are.
Write word equations and balanced symbol equations.
Step 1 : We need to begin with the atom, first a bit of history about how we found out about its structure - it has a link to Chch and NZ. So watch a quick history lesson of the atom. (Learn)
Step 2 : So what is the difference between an atom and an element? Better watch and find out. (Learn)
Mission 1 : Now you can read and complete the section on "Atoms" in your workbook. (Learn)
Done that? = Share with your teacher.
Yes = now its time for your next Step/Video clip/Challenge/Mission.
No = go back and complete the Step/Video clip/Challenge/Mission please.
Playtime : Have ago at this activity and build your own atoms. (Create) (Share)
Step 3 : All of these atoms/elements have been organised into a table = The Periodic Table. If you understand how this table is put together it will help with your understanding of why some things react the way that they do. So why is it that funny shape with all those columns and numbers?
Have a look as it is hopefully explained to you. (Learn)
Or you can sing about it ....
Mission 2 : Now read and complete the "Getting to Know The Periodic Table" and "Patterns of the Periodic Table" sections in your workbooks. (Learn)
Done that? = Share with your teacher.
Yes = now its time for your next Step/Video clip/Challenge/Mission.
No = go back and complete the Step/Video clip/Challenge/Mission please.
Playtime : Go and explore the periodic table and the elements (Learn) (Share)
Step 4 : Hopefully you can see the patterns appearing form the Periodic Table. Look at how many atoms/elements are in each row - this is linked to their electron configuration. Know this will help explain why certain elements behave the way that they do.
Hopefully the video should help explain what this is and how it is important. (Learn)
Mission 3 : Read and complete the work on "A Closer Look at Electrons" and "Electron Arrangement Shorthand" in your workbooks. (Learn)
Done that? = Share with your teacher.
Yes = now its time for your next Step/Video clip/Challenge/Mission.
No = go back and complete the Step/Video clip/Challenge/Mission please.
Step 5 : Lets summarise what we should now know about the atom - and begin to look at what happens when electrons start moving about the place.
So look at the summary of the "happy" atom. (Learn)
So what happens when an atom becomes a "happy atom" by losing or gaining some electrons?
Time to learn about the wonderful world of Ions. See what you remember form Yr 10 Science by watching these clips. (Learn)
Mission 4 : Hopefully what your learned during Yr 10 is coming back to you - lets see how well. Time to read and complete the sections : "The Role of the Electron - Ion Formation" and "Atoms and Ions" in your workbooks. (Learn)
Done that? = Share with your teacher.
Yes = now its time for your next Step/Video clip/Challenge/Mission.
No = go back and complete the Step/Video clip/Challenge/Mission please.
Step 6 : Now for some reason somebody decided to give things that are ions new names - don't ask me why - but we now need to know how to figure out what these ions are now called. Don't worry its not as bad as it sounds.
Have a look as how its done is explained to you. (Learn)
Mission 5 : Now its your turn as you read and complete the "Naming Ions" page in your workbook. (Learn)
Done that? = Share with your teacher.
Yes = now its time for your next Step/Video clip/Challenge/Mission.
No = go back and complete the Step/Video clip/Challenge/Mission please.
Step 7 : When ions get together they like to hang out with each other = make new compounds connected by ionic bonds.
Once again more new names to learn how to make - have a look as how to do that is explained. (Learn)
Mission 6 : Time for you to practice this as you complete the pages "Ionic Compounds" and "Ionic Bonds". (Learn)
Done that? = Share with your teacher.
Yes = now its time for your next Step/Video clip/Challenge/Mission.
No = go back and complete the Step/Video clip/Challenge/Mission please.
In fact Chemistry has its own language = "Chemistrian". If you want you watch as how to speak in fluent "Chemistrian" is explained to you.
Step 8 : So you've stuck some ions together and made a new compound that you can name - but exactly how many of each ion do you need to make a proper balanced chemical formula?
Cations, Anions, 1+, 2+, 3- ..... how do we sort them out = just make sure your positives and negatives balance - ie if you have a 2+ ion then you'll need a 2- ion or 2, 1- ions to balance it out.
Confused? Maybe these clips will help. (Learn)
Mission 7 : Okay lets see how well you do - time to try it for yourself as you complete the "Counting Atoms" and "Writing Chemical Formula" pages in your workbooks. (Learn)
Done that? = Share with your teacher.
Yes = now its time for your next Step/Video clip/Challenge/Mission.
No = go back and complete the Step/Video clip/Challenge/Mission please.
Step 9 : Okay now it gets trickier as we deal with things called Polyatomic ions = ions made up of more than one type of atom.
Its the same as before = getting the charges to balance - but a bit different as we have to look closer at how we say how many of each ion we have. So you need to be sure you have got to grips with using brackets and subscript numbers. (re-watch the "Reading Formula" clip if you need to)
There are a couple of ways to do this = watch both clips but watch them in order - get the understanding of what is happening first. Because the "Swop and Drop" is an easy shortcut method - but you need to know the theory behind it. (Learn)
Mission 8 : Now its your turn - read and complete the pages on "Dealing with Polyatomic Ions" (Learn)
Done that? = Share with your teacher.
Yes = now its time for your next Step/Video clip/Challenge/Mission.
No = go back and complete the Step/Video clip/Challenge/Mission please.
Challenge 1 : Lets put all this learning together - Have a go at a practice exam question that could be very similar to one you meet for real. Read and complete the page on "Understanding Chemical Formula" (Learn)
Done that? = Share with your teacher.
Yes = now its time for your next Step/Video clip/Challenge/Mission.
No = go back and complete the Step/Video clip/Challenge/Mission please.
Step 10 : Now these compounds don't just sit and do nothing - they get together and react with other chemical compounds. They add themselves to things, swop bits with each other, push other bits out of the way etc.
When something happens chemically you'll need to know what you've created - we can do this by working out a chemical equation. First step is to write out in words what you started with, we can save space by using + and the arrow to show the direction of the reaction = then we can start using the chemical symbols too, which makes it even quicker to write down. Remember we start with the Reactants and finish with the Products.
Remind your self about chemical equations by watching these clips. (Learn)
Mission 9 : See how you get on with the exercise on "Chemical Word Equations". (Learn)
Done that? = Share with your teacher.
Yes = now its time for your next Step/Video clip/Challenge/Mission.
No = go back and complete the Step/Video clip/Challenge/Mission please.
Challenge 2 : Go back to Mission 9 - but this time put in the symbols to make proper symbol equations. (Create)
Step 11 : Now the interesting thing after all this reacting of chemicals is that we still have the same number of atoms at the end = nothing is lost in the reaction.
So if we start with 6 atoms (you can see how many atoms there are from the chemical formulae and numbers used with the formulae) then you must end up with 6 atoms at the end. So after you have written out your reaction equation using the correct chemical formula you must then make sure it balances - by making sure that it starts and ends with the same number of each type of atom used.
Remember you can't take anything away but you can add more.
It is a tricky skill - if you master it you are on your way to Excellence.
Watch as it is explained to you. (Learn)
Mission 10 : You guessed it - its your turn to try this, so read and complete the "Balancing Chemical Equations" pages in your work book. (Learn)
Done that? = Share with your teacher.
Yes = now its time for your next Step/Video clip/Challenge/Mission.
No = go back and complete the Step/Video clip/Challenge/Mission please.
Play Time: Have a go at balancing equations by using this activity. (Share)
Challenge 3 : Go back to the equations you did in Challenge 2 and make sure they all balance. (Learn)
Mission 11 : At the end of this section of your Scipad you'll find (maybe) a puzzle page or two, a review planning page then a practice copy of the end of topic test. Complete these pages plus don't forget the definition page found at the start of the topic = you'll be ready for the test. (Learn)
Done that? = Share with your teacher.
Yes = now its time for your next Step/Video clip/Challenge/Mission.
No = go back and complete the Step/Video clip/Challenge/Mission please.
Final Mission : Now its time for your end of topic test - see how you react!
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