PE004 Ho Hoi Hung 11198448

Room A Day 1 1000 - PE#1

Supervisor: Dr. TSE, Choi Yeung Andy

Title: Examining the effectiveness of virtual Physical Education lesson during COVID-19 on students’ affective development

Abstract

Background: Since 2019, COVID-19 pandemic has become a global issue, schools were closed for a long period of time. The virtual lessons became a raising trend rapidly. Inevitably, Physical Education is necessary to be delivery via cameras. Virtual P.E. lessons has coming a hotspot in the teaching field. Objective: This questionnaire-based study aims to examine the effectiveness of virtual Physical Education lesson during COVID-19 on students’ affective development. Methodology: A questionnaire-based study, 208 and 166 (354 in total) responses from primary and secondary students were received through online Questionnaire 1 and Questionnaire 2 respectively between mid-November 2020 to mid-March 2021. Findings: Five significant findings were featured in this study. Firstly, majority of students claimed that they had lower intention to participate in virtual P.E. lessons actively compared to that of traditional P.E. lessons, and the major reasons were concerning the ‘content of the lessons’ and ‘the changes in the interaction between teacher and students.’ Secondly, most students reported that they have weak ability to recognize their own emotions and the emotions of their classmate during virtual P.E. lessons. Thirdly, most students had insufficient interpersonal development during virtual P.E. lessons as they had limited chance to appreciate others as well as undergoing team building activities. Fourthly, a large percentage of students encountered difficulties in expressing their emotions, the reason is that the communication and interaction between peers was diminished Fifthly, most students recommended that school should create a high-interacting and interesting learning atmosphere in order to fostering better virtual P.E. lesson. Discussion: In conclusion, in term of student’s affective development, the effectiveness of virtual P.E. lessons during the period of COVID-19.was generally observed to be low. Moreover, schools should provide support to frontline teachers and students such as appropriate platform for virtual lessons, guidelines for virtual P.E. lessons and relevant learning materials. By creating a more interacting and enthralling virtual learning atmosphere, the affective development of students can be enriched, and the effectiveness of virtual P.E. lessons can be enhanced accordingly.

Keywords: COVID-19; virtual lesson; physical education; affective development

PE018 Pun Wai Yan 11200409

Room A Day 1 1000 - PE#1

Supervisor: Dr. Chow Chi Ching, Gary

Title: The validity and test-retest reliability of “My Jump 2”, “HomeCourt” & “Takei Vertical Jump Meter” for measuring countermovement jump

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the validity and test-retest reliability of the remote assessments of countermovement jumps via three remote assessments.

Methods: Thirty physically active healthy students from the Education University of Hong Kong (EdUHK) (age 23.03 ± 1.67 years; body mass: 61.89 ± 9.82 kg; height: 167.86 ± 6.27 cm) were recruited for the study voluntarily. The participants performed three countermovement jumps (CMJ) in a session with two days interval for test-retest reliability. The jumps were recorded and assessed by the Takei Vertical Jump Meter (TKJM) and two mobile devices “Homecourt” and “My Jump 2” at the same time to measure the validity.

Results: There are high intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were perceived (within-day mean = 0.85; between-day mean = 0.86, My Jump 2, Homecourt & TKJM) in all measurements and factors. There was no significant systematic systematic bias ± random errors (p>0.05) between test-retest. Similar coefficients of variation (CV) were shown in all measurements. The TKJM showed the lowest CV (< 3%) in both factors. Acceptable and good correlations were observed between three measurements (R2 = 0.66-0.75). The TKJM performed the lowest minimal detectable change (MDC ± 4.59cm) result in the between day trial compared with others.

Conclusion: This study finds My Jump 2, Homecourt and TKJM showed reliable and valid information on the CMJ performance. To compare the MDC of TKJM, remote assessments require larger improvements of CMJ. It can be concluded that the remote assessment is still in the development process. (254 words)

Keywords: Countermovement jump, remote assessment, test-retest reliability, validity, ICC, MDC

PE022 Tam Ka Ki 11140295

Room A Day 1 1000 - PE#1

Supervisor: Dr. TSE, Choi Yeung Andy

Title: Investing students’ learning behavior in Physical Education lesson during the period of COVID-19

Abstract

The cluster of viral pneumonia cases called COVID-19 occurring in all over the world. School adopt an online lesson included Zoom meeting, Google meet or other victual platforms to support students' home learning. This purpose of the study is to investing students’ learning behavior in Physical Education lesson during the period of COVID-19. The study applied questionnaire- based. Responses from 204 students in questionnaire 1 and 144 students in questionnaire 2 from different secondary school through online survey. Five major findings were elicited in the study. First, most students reported that the use of digital video in physical education and online PE lessons were not effective to improve learning. The major reasons were “lack of motivation” and “lack of practical training”. Second, most students stated that the interaction of online PE lesson is not enough because of the theory session in the class. Third, the majority of students felt not exhausted in online PE lesson and the major reasons were “lack of practical time” and “lack of practical space”. Forth, the majority of students claims it is not difficult to participate in the online PE lesson in front of the devices because of students should follow teacher’s home activities. Fifth, most students think that online learning could increase self-learning behavior. The major reason is teacher encountered difficulties in observe student’s behavior and provide feedback. In summary, the effective of learning behavior about online PE teaching during Covid-19 was low and showed negative. School and teacher should improve the classroom interaction, increase teacher-to-student interaction and student -to- student interaction and develop creative and interactive online PE lessons which could encourage student to learn and increase their physical activity level.

Keywords: Covid-19; physical education ; online teaching; questionnaire

SS002 WOO, TIK HEI, ELPIS (Group)

WOO, TIK HEI, ELPIS, CHAN, CHUN YU, YEUNG, HUNG KUI, WONG, TSZ HIN, CHAN, TSZ HIN, LI, CHI FUNG, LAI, HUNG WANG

Room A Day 1 1000 - PE#1

Supervisor: Miss Simone Tam

Title: The comparison of preschool children's locomotor skills level during school suspension under COVID-19 pandemic and normal schooling

Abstract

Background: Locomotor skills are paramount important for kindergarten children aged 3 to 6.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the change in locomotor ability during the COVID-19 pandemic and after school resumption

Methodology: Participants included kindergarten children (N=7) aged 3 to 6 years old. Participants will conduct a pre and post-test after a 1-month of normal school-based curriculum as intervention. The Test of Gross Motor Development-edition 2 (TGMD-2) will be implemented, including run, leap, horizontal jump, slide, gallop, and hop. A survey related to physical activity during school suspension would be also conducted.

Data analysis: Paired sample t-test would be used for data analysis. The result of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test also interpreting that data is normal (p>0.05).

Findings: There were no significant differences throughout pre and post-test (t(7)= -1.497, p=0.178). This means children's locomotor ability shows no difference after the school resumption.

SS003 CHAN, WING KIU (Group)

CHAN, WING KIU, LEUNG, KEI IN, WU, CHEUK WAI, LAM, KA YIU, WONG, NGA LAM, HO, CHING CHI

Room A Day 1 1000 - PE#1

Supervisor: Dr. TSE, Choi Yeung Andy

Title: Effectiveness of online teaching in physical education during the COVID-19 school suspension: From the perspective of frontline physical education teachers in Hong Kong

Abstract

The serious outbreak of COVID-19 around the world has caused massive school closures. This survey study aims to examine the effectiveness of online teaching in PE and support needed under the COVID-19 epidemic from the perspective of teachers. 294 responses were collected from frontline PE teachers in both primary and secondary schools through an online questionnaire between 4th and 29th January 2021. Four major findings were highlighted in our study. Firstly, most teachers pinpointed that the effectiveness of online lessons was low to enhance motor skill acquisition and physical activity level because of “lack of practical training”, “students’ lack of learning motivation/interest” and “limited interpersonal interactions”. Secondly, most teachers faced difficulties in online teaching with common struggles on “limited interpersonal interactions’ and “difficult to retain students’ learning motivation/interest”. Thirdly, stress built on most teachers during online lessons due to increased workload in preparation and higher safety concerns on students’ home-exercise. Fourthly, many teachers recommended that the government and school should offer teaching kits like home activities advice or suggested online lesson plans as references. To summarize, the effectiveness of online teaching during school suspension in PE was perceived to be low and difficult to frontline PE teachers in general. Schools and governments should provide sufficient support to PE teachers, such as online teaching materials and guidelines, in order to develop more effective and interactive teaching through online, which in turns beneficial to students in motor skill acquisition and physical activity level.

Keywords: COVID-19; physical education; survey; online teaching

PE023 Tong Wai Yuen 11198553

Room A Day 1 1000 - PE#1

Supervisor: Dr. TSE, Choi Yeung Andy

Title: Investigating the effectiveness of online PE lesson during COVID-19 on student’s social behaviour

Abstract

Upon the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, all schools adopted online teaching methods as a substitute for traditional face to face lessons. Social behavior of students has significantly diminished. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of online PE lessons during COVID-19 and the impact of student’s social behaviour. In questionnaire 1 and 2, 204 responses and 146 responses were received respectively. In this study, there were four major findings. First, most of the students think that online physical education lessons can not encourage more discussions among students, no matter on academic related or non academic related topics. Second, most of the students pointed out that it was harder to communicate with teachers in online PE lessons. Also, they can not take the initiative to express their idea in the online physical education lesson. Third, a majority of students reflected that taking virtual PE lessons resulted in fewer opportunities to work with classmates, when compared with face-to-face lessons. In addition, these lessons also lessened the chance to train up team spirits and cooperation abilities. Fourth, most of the students think that online PE lessons are not effective, and the major reasons are “students are away from the keyboard”, “lack of interaction”, “hard to focus on the lesson”. In summary, online PE lessons during the COVID-19 are seen to have low effectiveness and resulted in a significant decrease in student’s social behaviour. School and government should offer a guideline or training for teachers which can help them to design creative and interactive virtual lessons. It can provide more opportunity to students to interact and improve their social behaviour.