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RESEARCH

WHAT IS RESEARCH?

Research is a systematic process of inquiry aimed at discovering new information, validating existing knowledge, or solving specific problems. It involves several key steps:

Identifying a Question or Problem: This is the starting point, where researchers define what they want to investigate.
Literature Review: Researchers review existing work related to their question to understand the current state of knowledge.
Methodology: Selecting appropriate methods for data collection and analysis, which can include experiments, surveys, case studies, or qualitative approaches.
Data Collection: Gathering data through various means, such as experiments, observations, or interviews.
Analysis: Interpreting the collected data using statistical or qualitative methods to draw conclusions.
Documentation and Reporting: Writing up the findings in a clear and structured way, often leading to publication in academic journals or presentations

WHAT IS ACTION RESEARCH?

Action research is a collaborative and iterative approach to research that focuses on solving real-world problems while simultaneously enhancing understanding of those issues. It often involves practitioners (such as educators, social workers, or community leaders) who work together with researchers to identify challenges, implement changes, and evaluate the outcomes.

Here are some key characteristics of action research:

Participatory: It involves stakeholders in the research process, ensuring that those affected by the issues being studied have a voice and are actively engaged.
Cyclical Process: Action research typically follows a cycle of planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. Researchers develop a plan to address a problem, implement it, observe the effects, and then reflect on the results to refine the approach.
Focus on Improvement: The primary goal is to bring about practical change and improvement in a specific context, whether that be in education, community development, or organizational settings.

WHAT IS DISSERTATION?

A dissertation is a lengthy, formal document that presents original research and findings on a specific topic. It is typically required for advanced academic degrees, such as a master's or doctoral degree. Here are some key features of a dissertation:

Original Research: A dissertation involves conducting original research, contributing new knowledge or insights to the field.
Structured Format: It generally follows a specific structure, including sections like an introduction, literature review, methodology, results, discussion, and conclusion.
Literature Review: This section reviews existing research related to the topic, establishing the context and significance of the study.
Methodology: Researchers describe the methods used to collect and analyze data, explaining why these methods were chosen.
Results and Discussion: The findings of the research are presented and interpreted, discussing their implications and how they relate to the existing body of knowledge.
Defense: For doctoral dissertations, students often must defend their work in front of a committee, answering questions and justifying their research choices.

Dissertations serve not only as a demonstration of a student’s knowledge and research skills but also contribute to the academic community by advancing understanding in their area of study..

WHAT IS PUBLISHED AND UNPUBLISHED?

The terms "published" and "unpublished" refer to the status of research or written work regarding its availability to the public.

Published Work

Definition: Published work has undergone a formal process of review and is made available to the public, often through academic journals, books, conference proceedings, or other platforms.
Characteristics:
- Peer Review: Many published works, especially in academic contexts, are subject to peer review, where experts evaluate the quality and validity of the research.
- Accessibility: Published research is typically accessible to other researchers, practitioners, and the general public, often through libraries or online databases.
- Citations: Published works can be cited in other research, contributing to the academic discourse.

Unpublished Work

Definition: Unpublished work refers to research or writing that has not been formally released to the public or has not gone through a peer review process.
Characteristics:
- In Progress: This could include ongoing research, drafts, or work that the author has not yet submitted for publication.
- Limited Accessibility: Unpublished work may only be available to a select audience, such as through presentations at conferences or sharing within research groups.
- Not Peer Reviewed: Since it hasn't been formally published, it typically hasn't undergone rigorous peer review, which may affect its credibility.

Both published and unpublished works are valuable in their own right, but published works generally carry more weight in academic and professional contexts due to their vetted nature and accessibility.

"Published" and "unpublished" refer to the availability and formal status of written works, research, or creative content.

Published

Definition: A work that has been formally released to the public, often through channels like books, academic journals, magazines, or online platforms.
Characteristics:
- Accessibility: Available to a wide audience, often in libraries or online databases.
- Peer Review: Many published academic works undergo a review process by experts in the field, which enhances credibility.
- Citable: Published works can be referenced or cited in other research or discussions.

Unpublished

Definition: A work that has not been formally released or distributed to the public.
Characteristics:
- In Progress: This can include drafts, ongoing research, or works that have not yet been submitted for publication.
- Limited Access: Typically shared only with a select audience, such as colleagues or conference attendees.
- Not Peer Reviewed: Often lacks the formal validation process that published works undergo.

Both published and unpublished works have their own significance, but published works generally hold more weight in academic and professional contexts due to their vetted and accessible nature.

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