3.LED的認識與控制

麵包版(免焊電路板)請放置在桌面上使用，
(懸空插麵包板使用時金屬彈片因雙面膠支撐較低而發生掉落，進而產生故障)。

認識LED 資料來源：維基百科 2022.11.03

資料來源：維基百科 2022.11.03

發光二極體（英語：light-emitting diode，LED）[1]是一種半導體光源，當電流通過它時會發光；即一種電致發光的半導體電子元件，其內電子與電子空穴複合，以光子的形式釋放能量。

發光二極體結構的核心部分是p-n結，周邊部分有環氧樹脂密封其引線與框架以保護內部芯線。當p-n結通以正向電流時，能發射可見或非可見輻射，此輻射為透過三價與五價元素所組成複合光源。

發光二極體只能夠往一個方向導通（通電），叫作正向偏置；當電流流過時，電子與電洞（電子空穴）在其內複合而發出單色光，這叫「電致發光效應」；而光線的波長、顏色跟其所採用的半導體物料種類與故意摻入的元素雜質有關。發光二極體具有效率高、壽命長、不易破損、反應速度快、可靠性高等傳統光源不及的優點。

發光二極體於1962年出現時，只能發出低光度的紅光，被惠普買下專利後當作指示燈利用。其後發展出其他單色光的版本，時至今日，能夠發出的光已經遍及可見光、紅外線及紫外線，光度亦提高到相當高的程度。隨著白光發光二極體的出現，用途已由初期的指示燈及顯示板等指示用途，逐漸發展至近年的照明用途。白光LED的發光效率近期亦有所進步，其每千流明成本，因大量資金投入已使價格下降，近年在照明用途上愈趨普及。

LED 的電路符號，
LED的長腳為正極、短腳為負極

控制LED的方法資料來源：維基百科 2022.12.03

要推動LED就要控制流過LED的電流，基本推動方法就是將LED跟電阻串聯，以電阻限制電流在一定的範圍內。這個方法好處是簡單、成本低，但缺點是不少能量在電阻轉化為熱能而浪費掉，而且LED的光度也隨著溫度、電壓、LED生產時的特性差異而有比較大的變化。

以當多於一枚LED時，最好使用串聯接法，這可使不同的LED都有相同的電流，總順向偏壓在串聯時就等於各LED順向偏壓的總和。LED順向偏壓的總和越接近電源電壓，電流就越不穩定。如果LED的數目多至其所需總順向偏壓接近或高於電源電壓，那就需用多個限流電阻分別對個別LED串作電流控制。

把LED並聯非不可行，一般都盡量避免，因為生產過程做成的特性差異會使每枚LED的順向偏壓有輕微的分別，但並聯時各LED的順向偏壓一樣，流經各LED的電流就會有差異而導致光度、壽命不一致，所以需要把LED作特性配對才能保持光度接近，對零件供應、成本等造成壓力。

認識LED 與 LEDbar

LED 為發光二極體，將其排列10個LED排列成LED bar。(有印刷字體為正極)

認識排組

排組：本次使用10個220歐電阻，最左腳為公用腳(有標記 ● )。

七段顯示的顯示設定(數位邏輯解碼器設計) ，以共陽極為例(因七段顯示器設計解碼器時會有BCD碼對應輸入，請省略)

共陽極七段顯示器，要點亮的部份給0=LOW 低電位。
動作分析表如0~9顯示的LED編號位置與顯示關係。

LED bar與ESP32接線 <檔案位置>

LED bar與ESP32的腳位使用係因使用fritzing繪圖，11腳排組為繪出。

1 棕 >> 32

2 紅 >> 33

3 橙 >> 25

4 黃 >> 26

5 綠 >> 27

6 藍 >> 14

7 紫 >> 04

8 灰 >> 16

9 白 >> 17

0 黑 >> 05

排組共同腳接正極法，LED 負極接0亮。

LED bar的顯示設計(來回閃爍)

LED bar顯示的顯示設定

由於排組共同腳接+3.3V，要點亮的LED部份給0=LOW 低電位。
動作分析表如0~9顯示的LED編號位置與顯示關係。

LED Bar顯示控制與程式 {簡單程式直述方式}

// 點亮 1~10~9~1來回循環 //a1031b.ion

#define t 200

#define LED0 32

#define LED1 33

#define LED2 25

#define LED3 26

#define LED4 27

#define LED5 14

#define LED6 04

#define LED7 16

#define LED8 17

#define LED9 05

void setup() {

pinMode(LED0, OUTPUT);

pinMode(LED1, OUTPUT);

pinMode(LED2, OUTPUT);

pinMode(LED3, OUTPUT);

pinMode(LED4, OUTPUT);

pinMode(LED5, OUTPUT);

pinMode(LED6, OUTPUT);

pinMode(LED7, OUTPUT);

pinMode(LED8, OUTPUT);

pinMode(LED9, OUTPUT);

}

void loop() {

/*

// LED0 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

*/

// LED0 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, 0);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// LED1 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, 0);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// LED2 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, 0);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// LED3 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, 0);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// LED4 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, 0);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// LED5 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, 0);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// LED6 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, 0);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// LED7 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, 0);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// LED8 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, 0);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// LED9 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, 0);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// 回程LED8 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, 0);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// LED7 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, 0);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// LED6 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, 0);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// LED5 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, 0);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// LED4 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, 0);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// LED3 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, 0);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// LED2 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, 0);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// LED1 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, 0);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

}

// 點亮 1~10~9~1來回循環 //a0327a.ino

#define t 300

#define LED0 32

#define LED1 33

#define LED2 25

#define LED3 26

#define LED4 27

#define LED5 14

#define LED6 04

#define LED7 16

#define LED8 17

#define LED9 05

void setup() {

pinMode(LED0, OUTPUT);

pinMode(LED1, OUTPUT);

pinMode(LED2, OUTPUT);

pinMode(LED3, OUTPUT);

pinMode(LED4, OUTPUT);

pinMode(LED5, OUTPUT);

pinMode(LED6, OUTPUT);

pinMode(LED7, OUTPUT);

pinMode(LED8, OUTPUT);

pinMode(LED9, OUTPUT);

}

void loop() {

/*

// LED0 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

*/

// LED0 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, 0);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// LED1 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, 0);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// LED2 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, 0);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// LED3 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, 0);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// LED4 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, 0);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// LED5 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, 0);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// LED6 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, 0);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// LED7 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, 0);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// LED8 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, 0);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// LED9 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, 0);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// 回程LED8 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, 0);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// LED7 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, 0);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// LED6 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, 0);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// LED5 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, 0);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// LED4 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, 0);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// LED3 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, 0);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// LED2 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED2, 0);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

// LED1 亮

digitalWrite(LED0, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED1, 0);

digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED7, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED8, HIGH);

digitalWrite(LED9, HIGH);

delay(t); // wait for a second

}

使用陣列 array + for迴圈 (提高程式的效率)

// LED Bar來回顯示 a0327b.ino

// LED bar 序 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

char LedBarpin[]={32,33,25,26,27,14,04,16,17,05};

void setup() {

for(int i=0;i<10;i++){

pinMode(LedBarpin[i], OUTPUT);

digitalWrite(LedBarpin[i], 0);

}

delay(2000);//設定LED bar全亮2秒檢查是否LED bar其中的LED是否有故障

for(int i=0;i<10;i++)

digitalWrite(LedBarpin[i], 1); //關閉LED bar的顯示

}

void loop() {

for (int i = 0; i <=9; i++) { //順序點亮0~9

digitalWrite(LedBarpin[i], 0);

delay(100);

digitalWrite(LedBarpin[i], 1);

}

for (int i = 8; i>=1; i--) { //順序點亮8~1

digitalWrite(LedBarpin[i], 0);

delay(100);

digitalWrite(LedBarpin[i], 1);

}

// delay(4000);// 暫停 4 秒鐘

}

使用陣列 array + for迴圈 + 函數
(狀態陣列設定，可多樣態顯示)

// LED Bar來回顯示使用狀態表執行 (v2)//a0327c.ino

// LED bar 序 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

char LedBarpin[]={32,33,25,26,27,14,04,16,17,05};

// LED bar 序 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9

char seven_seg_digits[][10] = {
{ 1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 }, // = 0>>00

{ 0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 }, // = 1>>01

{ 0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 }, // = 2>>02

{ 0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0 }, // = 3>>03

{ 0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0 }, // = 4>>04

{ 0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0 }, // = 5>>05

{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0 }, // = 6>>06

{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0 }, // = 7>>07

{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0 }, // = 8>>08

{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1 }, // = 9>>09

{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0 }, // = 8>>10

{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0 }, // = 7>>11

{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0 }, // = 6>>12

{ 0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0 }, // = 5>>13

{ 0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0 }, // = 4>>14

{ 0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0 }, // = 3>>15

{ 0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 }, // = 2>>16

{ 0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 } // = 1>>17

};

// 執行LED的狀態設定的函數程式

void sevenSegWrite(int digit) {

for (int seg = 0; seg <10; ++seg)

digitalWrite(LedBarpin[seg],!seven_seg_digits[digit][seg]); // digitalWrite(LedBarpin[seg],!seven_seg_digits[digit][seg]);

}

void setup() {

for(int i=0;i<10;i++){

pinMode(LedBarpin[i], OUTPUT);

digitalWrite(LedBarpin[i], 0);

}

delay(2000);//設定LED bar全亮2秒檢查是否LED bar其中的LED是否有故障

for(int i=0;i<10;i++)

digitalWrite(LedBarpin[i], 1); //關閉LED bar的顯示

}

void loop() {

for (int digit = 0; digit <=17; digit++) {

delay(300);

sevenSegWrite(digit - 0);

}

// delay(4000);// 暫停 4 秒鐘

}

使用陣列與迴圈的目的

建立顯示陣列值>>直接透過迴圈建立七段顯示器查表法>>顯示對應的結果，如有需修正顯示狀態直接修正內容即可。

建立七段顯示器使用的函數>>未來使用時只需要呼叫 "sevenSegWrite(顯示);"

}

使用陣列 array + for迴圈 + 函數
(狀態陣列設定，用查表法依陣列值顯示)

// LED Bar來回顯示使用狀態表執行 (v2)//a0327d.ino

// LED bar 序 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

char LedBarpin[]={32,33,25,26,27,14,04,16,17,05};

// LED bar 序 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9

char seven_seg_digits[][10] = {

{ 1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 }, // = 0>>00

{ 0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 }, // = 1>>01

{ 0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0 }, // = 2>>02

{ 0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0 }, // = 3>>03

{ 0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0 }, // = 4>>04

{ 0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0 }, // = 5>>05

{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0 }, // = 6>>06

{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0 }, // = 7>>07

{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1 }, // = 8>>08

{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1 }, // = 9>>09

{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1 }, // = 8>>10

{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0 }, // = 7>>11

{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0 }, // = 6>>12

{ 0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0 }, // = 5>>13

{ 0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0 }, // = 4>>14

{ 0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0 }, // = 3>>15

{ 0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0 }, // = 2>>16

{ 0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 }, // = 1>>17

{ 1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 }, // = 1>>18

{ 1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 } // = 1>>19

};

// 執行LED的狀態設定的函數程式

void sevenSegWrite(int digit) {

for (int seg = 0; seg <10; ++seg)

digitalWrite(LedBarpin[seg],!seven_seg_digits[digit][seg]); // digitalWrite(LedBarpin[seg],!seven_seg_digits[digit][seg]);

}

void setup() {

for(int i=0;i<10;i++){

pinMode(LedBarpin[i], OUTPUT);

digitalWrite(LedBarpin[i], 0);

}

delay(2000);//設定LED bar全亮2秒檢查是否LED bar其中的LED是否有故障

for(int i=0;i<10;i++)

digitalWrite(LedBarpin[i], 1); //關閉LED bar的顯示

}

void loop() {

for (int digit = 0; digit <=18; digit++) {

delay(300);

sevenSegWrite(digit - 0);

}

// delay(4000);// 暫停 4 秒鐘

}

3.LED的認識與控制

認識LED 資料來源：維基百科 2022.11.03

資料來源：維基百科 2022.11.03

控制LED的方法資料來源：維基百科 2022.12.03

認識LED 與 LEDbar

認識排組

使用陣列 array + for迴圈 (提高程式的效率)

使用陣列 array + for迴圈 + 函數 (狀態陣列設定，可多樣態顯示)

使用陣列 array + for迴圈 + 函數 (狀態陣列設定，用查表法依陣列值顯示)

請依以下圖形設計LEDbar ，利用上述程式的方法顯示如下：

使用陣列 array + for迴圈 + 函數
(狀態陣列設定，可多樣態顯示)

使用陣列 array + for迴圈 + 函數
(狀態陣列設定，用查表法依陣列值顯示)