Teachers don’t teach content in the abstract; they teach it to students. In order to ensure student learning, teachers must know not only their content and its related pedagogy but also the students to whom they wish to teach that content. While there are patterns in cognitive, social, and emotional developmental stages typical of different age groups, students learn in their individual ways and may have gaps or misconceptions the teacher needs to uncover in order to plan appropriate learning activities. In addition, students have lives beyond school—lives that include athletic and musical pursuits, activities in their neighborhoods, and family and cultural traditions. Students whose first language is not English, as well as students with other special needs, must be considered when a teacher is planning lessons and identifying resources to ensure that all students will be able to learn.
Knowledge of child and adolescent development
Knowledge of the learning process
Knowledge of students' skills, knowledge, and language proficiency
Knowledge of students' interests and cultural heritage
Knowledge of students' special needs
Because "students have lives beyond school" and these lives affect learning, it is important for a teacher to understand the various aspects of a child's life, including "athletic and musical pursuits, activities in their neighborhoods, and family and cultural traditions."
As a classmate and I worked as home interventionists with a second-grade girl, we took the time to interview her and her family, as well as spend time in their home before we began interventions. This allowed us to better plan for the student as we were more aware of their strengths, needs, and interests.
"In order to ensure student learning, teachers must know not only their content and its related pedagogy but also the students to whom they wish to teach that content."
There will occasionally be aspects of a student's life that act as or create major barriers to learning. As teachers, we need to know our students well enough that we can see these barriers and help overcome them. In one of my classes I had the opportunity to complete a "Higher, Wider, Deeper" project. I was able to pick any topic about which I wanted to learn more by interviewing a professional. I chose to research what teachers can do to remove barriers to learning in the lives of children that come from dysfunctional families. The findings of my research are summarized in the documents below. My main "takeaway" from this was that the better I know my students, the more prepared I will be to meet their needs, remove barriers to learning, and ensure student success.