Photo: Eric Anderson
Professional avalanche workers (including guides, snow observers, agency forecasters, highways forecasters and ski area patrollers on an avalanche control team) may be required to provide a written avalanche event analysis that is more than just an avalanche occurrence report. A technical report includes a succinct description of the incident, contains supportive data and evidence that establishes credibility and accuracy of reporting, and provides expert analysis of the event, and recommendations for operational improvement.
The target audience includes your co-workers and supervisor. This exercise represents an “internal report” that documents a notable event that occurred at or near your operation.
As your report is based on real events, operations and people, your privacy is guaranteed by AIARE. The content of the report will remain confidential. No persons shall read or see this report other than the AIARE staff members that provide the evaluation and grade the exercise. In the case of a substandard grade being applied, the student has one opportunity to rewrite sections of the report to bring it up to a professional standard. In this case, an additional instructor will review the report and contribute to the final mark.
By the end of this assignment you will be able to:
Write a technical report that analyzes and summarizes a notable avalanche event that occurred within the past few years at your workplace. This is an actual event that is supported by accessible photos, weather station observations and other additional key data and evidence.
Identify and document key factors that contributed to the avalanche event. These factors include terrain characteristics, avalanche characteristics, weather and snowpack characteristics, observed and documented data and evidence, and individual and team human factors.
Summarize the key lessons learned from the event and document any operational procedures that were changed subsequent to the event debrief and review.
Write a technical report focused on a notable avalanche event. The avalanche incident should have occurred within the past few years seasons at the course participant’s workplace. If you are struggling to find an incident at your workplace to use for this report, you can also write your report by interviewing someone about an incident they have had at work. The learning outcomes for the Technical Report are focused on gathering, synthesizing, and presenting information and analysis of an event in the workplace. These outcomes can be accomplished by interviewing someone, gathering info and resources from them, and then presenting the information in the report format. Please don't hesitate to reach out if you have questions or are struggling with this assignment.
The event is described as “notable” meaning some aspect of the event was unexpected or significant. A significant event would have resulted in an operational debrief with operational changes made post event.
This incident may have been a “near miss” or an “involvement”, or affected any element at risk (i.e. vehicle, building or structure).
Alternatively, it may have just been unusual or notable with no exposure to any element at risk, and was considered a “valuable learning experience” for coworkers and/or the public.
The report must meet the following format and criteria:
A. Word count can be as long as you need, but try to keep it under 5,000 words. Authors should use size 12 font and 1.5 line spacing, with 1” margins (2.5cm).
B. The report must include:
Title page w/ authors name
Table of Contents (optional: list of figures)
Introduction or executive summary (Establish the credibility of the author. Describe the context, the elements at risk, the location, and a brief summary of the event. Outline the flow and direction of the report).
Description of the Avalanche Event (Describe a brief history of the key weather events and snowpack observations that created the hazard leading up to the event. Describe the terrain and avalanche occurrence information. Outline the sequence of the events, including the worker activity, involvement, and decision making that contributed to the notable occurrence).
Summary conclusions (Summary analysis or debrief by the author including both “lessons learned”, and any operational changes enacted to prevent this type of occurrence in the future).
Appendix (this can include additional locator maps, avalanche atlas excerpts, operational hazard analysis forms, blasting logs, etc).
Figures. The written summary of data, evidence, and observations must be supported by figures with captions, including graphs, profile forms, locator maps, locator photos, avalanche occurrence photos etc.
Provide sources and acknowledgments for statements and evidence. Plagiarism will not be tolerated and will result in a categorical failure of this element of the course.
Grammar and sentence structure must be professional and easy to read. When using technical language, the author assumes the reader is a professional avalanche worker with fluency with SWAG guidelines and terms.
The Technical Report is worth 15% of the Course Grade. 1% is deducted for each day the report is late. The due date for your first draft is 30 days before the start of the course. A final draft will be turned in within one week of the course completion date. The corresponding marking table shows a breakdown of graded elements.*
Students who are told their report is below the professional standard will have one opportunity (post course) to rewrite the report, or more commonly sections of the report, to bring it to a passing grade.
*Note: Students may be required to “defend their analysis” in the report. Instructors may request you join a virtual conference call to answer 5 or 6 questions and provide further clarity or information.
Technical Report Marking Table. Adapted from A3 Proficiencies and Guidelines V 5.0. Retrieved 20210801 from https://static1.squarespace.com/static/59d2a0f0e9bfdf20d6d654b7/t/5dd6ac4528602074cef5486c/1574349894448/Pro+2+Proficiencies+and+Guidelines+V+3.0+%282%29.pdf
Download this form and utilize it to create a report using the guidance listed above.
Example of a technical report documenting recreational avalanche fatality.
Example of a state-wide avalanche cycle impacting homes and communities.
Example of a close call and organizational learning opportunity on an avalanche education course.