How to: Medical Emergencies
How to: Medical Emergencies
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Step by step guide on how to handle medical emergencies
Basic First Aid
Basic First Aid
How To React To Medical Emergencies:
How To React To Medical Emergencies:
Respond quickly as first responders to emergencies.
Stabilize victims to minimize injuries until professional medical help arrives.
Ensure compliance with legal and occupational safety standards.
Build public trust by demonstrating competence in emergencies.
Wound Care
Clean and dress wounds to prevent infection.
Burn Treatment
Cool burns with water.
Avoid applying creams.
Cover with a sterile dressing.
Fractures and Sprains
Immobilize the injured area using splints or slings.
Avoid moving the victim unnecessarily.
Choking Response
Perform abdominal thrusts (Heimlich maneuver) to clear obstructions.
How to Handle Different Emergency Responses:
Shock Management
Keep the victim lying down.
Elevate their legs.
Maintain warmth.
Seizure Response
Protect the person from harm by clearing the surrounding area.
Avoid restraining them.
Turn them onto their side once the seizure subsides.
Heat-Related Illnesses
Move the victim to a cooler area.
Provide water if they are conscious.
Cool their body as needed.
Cold-Related Injuries
Warm the victim gradually.
Avoid rubbing frostbitten areas.
HOW TO PERFORM CPR:
Important Notes
For infants: Use two fingers for chest compressions and gentle breaths.
For children: Use one hand for compressions if needed.
Always call 911 if unsure how to proceed.
Step 1: Check the Scene & the Person
Ensure the area is safe for both you and the victim.
Check responsiveness by tapping the person and shouting, “Are you okay?”
Call 911 or instruct someone else to do so.
Step 2: Begin Chest Compressions (Hands-Only CPR)
Position hands in the center of the chest.
Compress hard and fast at a rate of 100-120 compressions per minute (2 inches deep for adults, 1.5 inches for infants).
Allow the chest to fully recoil between compressions.
Step 3: Add Rescue Breaths (If Trained)
Open the airway by tilting the head back and lifting the chin.
Give two rescue breaths, ensuring the chest rises.
Resume chest compressions.
Continue CPR Until
The person shows signs of life.
Emergency personnel take over.
You become too exhausted to continue.
HOW TO PERFORM THE HEIMLICH MANEUVER:
Important Notes
Use chest thrusts for pregnant or obese individuals instead of abdominal thrusts.
Call 911 if the obstruction is not quickly resolved or if the person loses consciousness.
For Adults & Children Over 1 Year
Assess the situation; confirm the person is choking.
Position yourself behind them and wrap your arms around their waist.
Locate the correct spot, just above the navel.
Perform abdominal thrusts with a quick, forceful inward and upward motion.
If unresponsive, lower them to the ground and begin CPR.
For Infants (Under 1 Year Old)
Assess the situation; confirm choking.
Perform five back blows while supporting the infant face-down.
Turn the infant’s face-up and perform five chest thrusts with two fingers.
Repeat until the object is expelled or the infant begins breathing.
Self-Application (If Alone)
Perform abdominal thrusts against a firm surface, such as a chair.
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