sdj-10134

Prevalence of Oromaxillofacial Lesions in Major Histopathological Centers in Sulaimani City

Gasha R. Salim*, Dena N. Mohammad**, Balkees T. Garib**, Hassanain H. Khudier***

*Ministry of Health, Sulaimani Directorate of Health, Sulaimani, Iraq. 

**Department of Oral Diagnosis, College of Dentistry, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Iraq.

***Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Iraq.

Submitted: June 5, 2021, Accepted: September 30, 2021, Published: December 1, 2021.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17656/sdj.10134

Objective: Oral and maxillofacial lesions are among the most prevalent oral diseases all over the world. They can be diagnosed through a thorough history and oral examination. The present study was aimed to determine the prevalence and distribution of oromaxillofacial lesions in response to sex, age, type of surgery, site of distribution, clinical presentation, and histopathological diagnosis in Sulaimani city.  

Methods: A retrospective study conducted from January 2016 to December 2019 in three major histopathological centers in Sulaimani, 774 patients with oral and maxillofacial lesions were studied. Required data, including sex, age, type of surgical biopsy, site of lesions, and the clinical presentations of these lesions, were obtained from the patients' archived profiles and records. The collected data were analyzed through descriptive statistics and Chi-square test, and P-values of < 0.05 were considered significant.      

Results: Over half of the patients (54.3%) were females. The patients' age ranged from 1 day to 90 years. Excisional biopsy was the most frequently conducted surgical procedure (67.8%). Intraoral soft lesions accounted for (64.2%) of the whole lesions, followed by bone lesions (20.4%). Soft tissue mass was the most common clinical presentation (62.3%). The most commonly diagnosed lesions were reactive/hyperplastic lesions (24.2%) and epithelial tumors (11.4%). There was a significant relationship between age and histopathological diagnosis as the p-value =0.000.  

Conclusions: Histopathological records provide essential data that help predict the frequent site and type of the most prevalent oral and maxillofacial lesions in Sulaimani city. They can be used for prevention and treatment planning.                                                                                     

Keywords:  Oromaxillofacial lesions, Biopsy, Squamous cell carcinoma.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Full Article - PDF           

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Abstract