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Unit 2 Rational Numbers
Objectives:
In Chapter 2 you will develop an understanding of rational numbers by extending your knowledge of fractions and decimals to include those with negative signs.
You will also learn to perform operations on rational numbers, including negative decimals and negative fractions, and to solve problems that involve rational numbers in decimal form and fraction form. You will learn to determine exact square roots of positive rational numbers that are perfect squares and determine approximate square roots of positive rational numbers that are non-perfect squares.
Definitions
quotient
product
rational number
calculate
integer
estimate
sum
difference
order of operations
whole number
parentheses
evaluate
determine
ascend
descend
Rules
BEDMAS
B - Brackets
E - Exponents
D - Divide
M - Multiply
A - Add
S - Subtract
* D and M (whatever comes first, you must use)
**A and S (Whatever come first, you must use)
Integers
pos x pos = pos
neg x pos = negative
neg x neg = positive
pos / pos = pos
neg / pos = neg
neg / neg = pos
How to Add Fractions
Step 1: Make sure the bottom numbers (the denominators) are the same.
Step 2: Add the top numbers (the numerators), put the answer over the denominator.
Step 3: Simplify the fraction (if needed)
How to Subtract Fractions
Step 1: Make sure the bottom numbers (the denominators) are the same.
Step 2: Subtract the top numbers (the numerators), put the answer over the denominator.
Step 3: Simplify the fraction (if needed)
How to Multiply Fractions
Simplify the fractions if not in lowest terms.
Multiply the numerators of the fractions to get the new numerator.
Multiply the denominators of the fractions to get the new denominator.
How to Divide Fractions
Step 1. Turn the second fraction (the one you want to divide by) upside down (this is now a reciprocal).
Step 2. Multiply the first fraction by that reciprocal
Step 3. Simplify the fraction (if needed)
Square Roots
Perfect Square - A perfect square can be expressed as the product of two equal rational factors. The decimal 0.25 is a perfect square because it can be expressed as 0.5 Ă— 0.5.
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