Males reach a length of just under three inches and females reach about four inches.
These toads have very long fingers and toes which allow them to be better climbers than many other species of toads. This gives them the alternative common name of green climbing toad.
Their overall coloration is a base of varied shades of green with darker brown or black markings along the body. They are somewhat variable - some individuals may be nearly completely dark brown with very little green apparent - and can also change color.
Juveniles and some adults, particularly males in the breeding season, may have some red spots or striping down the dorsum.
The skin of the adults has a very spiny appearance.
The eyes of this species are typically a vivid green with black pupils.
Range – Central America to northwestern South America (central Nicaragua to northern Ecuador)
Habitat – humid forests from low to mid-elevation
Wild – a variety of insects and other invertebrates
Zoo - crickets and roaches
Wild – Unknown
Zoo – 10+ years
This species breeds in temporary pools during the wet or rainy season
Females lay long strands of dark-colored eggs in the pool that hatch in about 5 days
The tadpoles metamorphose into taodlets about one month after hatching.
This species has a wide range and is still fairly common in many parts of its natural range.
Many parts of the species' natural range are included in protected areas and national parks.
Some populations of this toad have been impacted by the deadly amphibian chytrid fungus, particularly at higher elevations.
This species is fairly unique in having long fingers and toes that allow them to climb a good distance into the trees and vegetation.
Like most toads, they are nocturnal.
AmphibiaWeb 2010 Incilius coniferus: Green Climbing Toad <https://amphibiaweb.org/species/147> University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. Accessed Nov 20, 2023.
IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group. 2020. Incilius coniferus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T54614A54341464. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T54614A54341464.en. Accessed on 20 November 2023.
Leenders, T. 2016. Amphibians of Costa Rica: a field guide. Cornell University Press.
Zoo Atlanta Animal Care Team
Updated September 2024