NC.K.OA.2
Solve addition and subtraction word problems, within 10, using objects or drawings to represent the problem, when solving:
Add to/Take From-Result Unknown
Put Together/ Take Apart (Result Unknown and Two Addends Unknown)
Embedded Files
Step 1: Lesson Standards & Learning Goals
In this standard, students apply their work from NC.K.OA.1. As students solve addition and subtraction word problems (NC.K.OA.2), they create representations (NC.K.OA.1). Research strongly suggests that students benefit from exploring, representing (NC.K.OA.1), and solving (NC.K.OA.2) word problems together when developing an understanding of addition and subtraction (van de Walle et al., 2019).
Students should always create representations of word problems. Kindergarten students work with four problem types (see chart: Kindergarten Problem Types). The first two problem types involve an action where something is physically added to or taken from the starting amount. The last two problem types do not involve an action. Instead, students work with part part-whole relationships. Teachers should consistently ask, “What is the action in this problem?” and “What number are we trying to find out?” Students should be asked to explain how they know why they are adding or subtracting based on the action of the word problem.
*Avoid keyword strategies! Keyword strategies should not be used at any time in elementary school since they cause a dependence on specific words that do not always line up to that operation in second grade and later grades.
Sample Essential Questions
Sample Essential Questions
How can addition and subtraction word problems be represented using objects and drawings?
What strategies can be used to solve addition problems within 10? subtraction problems within 10?
How can pictures help us solve addition and subtraction problems?
How can we show our thinking when solving addition and subtraction problems?
Vocabulary
Vocabulary
action
add
addition
equal
join
part part whole
put together
represent
result unknown
subtract
subtraction
take apart
taking away
total unknown
word problem
Students will be able to...
Students will be able to...
Compose numbers within 10 using pairs in multiple ways using objects or drawings.
Decompose numbers less than 10 into pairs in multiple ways using objects or drawings.
Solve addition and subtraction word problems within 10 by using objects or drawings to represent the problem.
Utilize multiple strategies for solving word problems.
Explain their reasoning for how they solved the problem.
Students will know...
Students will know...
There is more than one way to solve a word problem.
There are several strategies that can be used to solve addition or subtraction word problems.
Some word problems involve an action (total unknown) while others do not (result unknown).
Step 2: Assessment
NCDPI Math Assessment Released Forms
Grade K Math Assessment Practice Prompts
Grade K Released Summative Assessments
Step 3: Lesson Instructions
Possible Activating Strategies
Possible Activating Strategies
Video Clip
Video Clip
Video Clip
Teacher Resources
Teacher Resources
Tools for NC Teachers
Cluster 5 - Lessons
Math Expressions - (Barnes and Hearne)
Motivation Math
Think Up! Math
Eureka Math/Engage NY Resources
Embarc Online (Eureka Math)
Topic A: Composition and Decompositions of 2, 3, 4, and 5
Topic B: Decompositions of 6, 7, and 8 into Number Pairs
Topic C: Addition with Totals of 6, 7, and 8
Topic D: Subtraction from Numbers to 8
Topic E: Decompositions of 9 and 10 into Number Pairs
Topic F: Additions with Totals of 9 and 10
Topic G: Subtraction from 9 and 10
Topic H: Patterns with Adding 0 and 1 and Making 10
Zearn Math - Online Support Practice for Eureka Math (Requires free account)
North Carolina Collaborative for Mathematics Learning - Kindergarten Instructional Framework
NCDPI Resources
Kindergarten Math Assessment Practice Prompts
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