PS.1.1.2
Carry out investigations to compare the effects of a given force on the motion of an object.
Embedded Files
District Recommended Resources for 1st Grade Science
Science Phenomena Resources
Next Generation Science Standards YouTube Channel
Step 1: Lesson Standards & Learning Goals
Dimension 1:
SEP: Plan and Carry Out Investigations: With guidance, plan and conduct an investigation in collaboration with peers.
Dimension 2:
CCC: Cause & Effect, Patterns
Dimension 3:
Disciplinary Core Ideas:
Forces can start motion and change motion. Pushes and pulls can have different strengths and directions. Pushing or pulling on an object can change the speed or direction of its motion and can start or stop it.
Sample Essential Questions
Sample Essential Questions
How can I compare the effect of different forces on an object?
How can I investigate and compare the effects of a force on the motion of an object?
How can I use investigations to compare and explain the effects of a force on the motion of an object?
Vocabulary
Vocabulary
contact
data
effect
force
magnets
model
motion
movement
position
pull
push
Students will be able to...
Students will be able to...
Do activities with objects where the motion is based on the amount of force applied and recording the resulting effect.
Describe how the amount of force changes the motion of an object (e.g,. larger, smaller, harder, softer, gentle).
Communicate (verbally or visually) how the applied forces cause different motions/effects.
Planning and Carry Out Investigations - With guidance, plan and conduct an investigation collaboratively to produce data to serve as the basis for evidence to answer a question (e.g., How different strengths of forces cause an object to move).
Analyze and Interpret Data - Use and share pictures, drawings, and/or writings of observations. Students can record the effects on the object after applying a force (e.g., object moved fast, object moved slow, object stayed still).
Students will know...
Students will know...
Motion is based on the amount of force applied and recording the resulting effect.
Changes in the amount of force change the motion of an object.
Applied forces cause different motions/effects.
Step 2: Assessment
Formative Assessments
Formative Assessments
Writing Prompts
Superhero Strength! Imagine you have superpowers like your favorite hero! Write a story about how you use pushes or pulls to save the day. Did you push a runaway toy car? Did you pull a friend out of a pretend mud puddle?
Playground Fun! You're at the playground and having a blast! Write a short story about different ways you use pushes and pulls to play. Did you push a friend on the swing? Did you pull yourself up the monkey bars?
Kickball:
Kick a ball softly. Kick a ball hard. Which kick made the ball travel further? Why?
Mini Projects and Investigations
Keva Planks STEM Lab Students use Keva Planks to build contraptions. They can place the marble on the contraption and see how the marble travels down the contraption or changes its direction due to different forces.
K’Nex Use the gears and pulleys to demonstrate and generate discussion about how the motion or direction of the object changes due to these forces.
Force and Motion Set Focus on starting, stopping, and changing the direction of motion. Different strengths result in different speeds.
Net Force Interactive Tool Allow students to investigate and explore this tool. Have students discuss the question: How does more force affect how an object moves? What can make an object stop moving if it is already moving?
Ask a DTLS about using the Engineering Design Process or for additional support materials.
NCDPI Formative Assessment Examples
Culminating Activity
After students have investigated different forces being applied to an object, they will work in pairs to complete a cause-and-effect graphic organizer. Provide an example, such as those listed below, to help students get started. Discuss the differences in distance based on the amount of force applied.
I push a skateboard hard. (The skateboard travels far.)
I push a skateboard softly. (The skateboard doesn’t go very far.)
I push a skateboard with a heavy bookbag on top of it. (The skateboard is harder to push.)
Ask students to think about the investigations they did. What are some cause-and-effect relationships they saw? Have students create a pamphlet with three sections (see example) to illustrate cause-and-effect relationships based on their investigations. Students may use Canva, Book Creator, or Adobe to create their pamphlets.
Step 3: Lesson Instructions
Possible Activating Strategies
Possible Activating Strategies
Exploration
Net Force Interactive Tool Show the net force tool and various scenarios with the blue and red people. Ask:
What force are the people causing?
How does the pulling affect the wagon?
Does the wagon continue to move in one direction? Why or why not?
What caused the wagon to start moving? What caused it to stop?
Turn and Talk
Have students discuss and record words that answer: What words would you use to describe the way things move?
Anchor Chart
Additional Literacy Connections
Speeding Up, Slowing Down by Natalie Hyde
Stop and Go, Fast and Slow by Buffy Silverman
Motion: First Science by Kay Manolis
Teacher Resources
Teacher Resources
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