Types of Strokes
Kuriakose, D., & Xiao, Z. (2020). Pathophysiology and Treatment of Stroke: Present Status and Future Perspectives. International journal of molecular sciences, 21(20), 7609. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21207609 OHSU. (n.d.). Understanding Stroke. OHSU. https://www.ohsu.edu/brain-institute/understanding-stroke
Etiology and Risk Factors
Aprotosoaie, A. C., Costache, A. D., & Costache, I. I. (2022). Therapeutic Strategies and Chemoprevention of Atherosclerosis: What Do We Know and Where Do We Go?. Pharmaceutics, 14(4), 722. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14040722
Boehme, A. K., Esenwa, C., & Elkind, M. S. (2017). Stroke Risk Factors, Genetics, and Prevention. Circulation research, 120(3), 472–495. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.116.308398
Managing Modifiable Risk Factors & Addressing Non-Modifiable Risk Factors
Choudhury, M. J. H., Chowdhury, M. T. I., Nayeem, A., & Jahan, W. A. (2015). Modifiable and Non-Modifiable Risk Factors of Stroke: A Review Update. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 1(1), 22–26. https://doi.org/10.3329/jninb.v1i1.22944
Sabih A, Tadi P, Kumar A. Stroke Prevention. [Updated 2023 Jun 11]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470234/
Outstanding Questions
Gunduz, M. E., Bucak, B., & Keser, Z. (2023). Advances in Stroke Neurorehabilitation. Journal of clinical medicine, 12(21), 6734. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12216734
Future Directions in Stroke Research
Appunni, S., Rubens, M., Ramamoorthy, V., Saxena, A., McGranaghan, P., & Veledar, E. (2022). Stroke Genomics: Current Knowledge, Clinical Applications and Future Possibilities. Brain sciences, 12(3), 302. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12030302
Iadecola, C., Buckwalter, M. S., & Anrather, J. (2020). Immune responses to stroke: mechanisms, modulation, and therapeutic potential. The Journal of clinical investigation, 130(6), 2777–2788. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI135530
Rexrode, K. M., Madsen, T. E., Yu, A. Y. X., Carcel, C., Lichtman, J. H., & Miller, E. C. (2022). The Impact of Sex and Gender on Stroke. Circulation research, 130(4), 512–528. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.121.319915
Experimental Avenues and Research Focus
Eren, F., & Yilmaz, S. E. (2022). Neuroprotective approach in acute ischemic stroke: A systematic review of clinical and experimental studies. Brain circulation, 8(4), 172–179. https://doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_52_22
Yan, S. S., Campos de Souza, S., Xie, Z. D., & Bao, Y. X. (2023). Research progress in clinical trials of stem cell therapy for stroke and neurodegenerative diseases. Ibrain, 9(2), 214–230. https://doi.org/10.1002/ibra.12095
Young, M. J., Lin, D. J., & Hochberg, L. R. (2021). Brain-Computer Interfaces in Neurorecovery and Neurorehabilitation. Seminars in neurology, 41(2), 206–216. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1725137
Unanswered Questions in Stroke Research
Appunni, S., Rubens, M., Ramamoorthy, V., Saxena, A., McGranaghan, P., & Veledar, E. (2022). Stroke Genomics: Current Knowledge, Clinical Applications and Future Possibilities. Brain sciences, 12(3), 302. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12030302
Boehme, A. K., Esenwa, C., & Elkind, M. S. (2017). Stroke Risk Factors, Genetics, and Prevention. Circulation research, 120(3), 472–495. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.116.308398
IMAGES
Figure 1- Aetiology
Stroke Aetiology. (2024). Created using Microsoft Copilot with the prompt “Stroke Aetiology.”
Figure 2- Clinical Presentation
Stroke Clinical Presentation. (2024). Created using Microsoft Copilot with the prompt “Stroke Clinical Presentation.”
Figure 3- Treatments and Outlook
Stroke Treatment and Outlook. (2024). Created using Microsoft Copilot with the prompt “Stroke Treatment and Outlook.”
Figure 4- Epidemiology
Stroke Epidemiology. (2024). Created using Microsoft Copilot with the prompt “Stroke Epidemiology.”
Figure 5- Looking Ahead
Stroke Looking Ahead. (2024). Created using Microsoft Copilot with the prompt “Stroke Looking Ahead.”