Students meet the next cartographer Martellus. Students will observe how maps and cartographers, are heavily influenced by those maps from cartographers before them. We see how Martellus was influenced by Ptolemy and will see how he added on to Ptolemy's work, while putting his own ideas and perspectives into the new map. Students observe the second way that cartographers and maps are influenced; through new information from explorers and merchants. Students make connections from the past unit on European exploration, through observing how this map is the closest map we have to the world of Christopher Columbus. A discussion can begin in order to understand how Columbus and other explorers mistakenly landed in the Americas and not their destination of Asia.