Project
"Decorative metal: metal elements of traditional Ukrainian neck jewelry"
Duсats
Project
"Decorative metal: metal elements of traditional Ukrainian neck jewelry"
Duсats
On the Right Coast of Ukraine, in the Eastern Carpathians - in the Hutsul and Pokuttya regions (Ivano-Frankivsk oblast), and in Western Podillia (Ternopil oblast), people created necklaces (including coral necklaces) from a number of coins without any decoration. In Galicia, such necklaces were called ducats, probably in reference to the ducato, a gold coin minted in Venice since 1284.
In Poland and Ukraine until the 17th century, all gold coins were called ducats, and from the beginning of the 18th century the name ducats was preserved for medal pendants and coin jewelry in the form of necklaces with whole or twisted coins strung together. However, among 19th-century ethnographers, there was serious confusion between the two concepts of ducats and dukachs; this led to the fact that since then all coins that were part of a necklace were often called dukachs.
A necklace made of coins of different sizes, from smaller ones at the edges of the necklace to larger ones in the middle part and the largest in diameter in the center of the row, was particularly ceremonial. Coins were suspended from a chain, thread, braid, ribbon, strung on a thread between beads of Venetian glass, coral, smalt, or garnet (in Poltava, Kharkiv, and Hutsul regions), connected with metal tubes or springs, like zgardas (in Hutsul region), and sewn onto beaded gerdans (in Pokuttia, Bukovyna, Hutsul region, and Western Podillia).
In western Podillia, a necklace of coins, which were placed closely together without overlapping, had one or two rows and was worn over the necklace. Coins were also worn on ribbons as a pendant. In addition, a beaded ribbon gerdan laced with coins was popular.
A beaded ribbon gerdan with coins sewn to its lower edge, worn around the neck, was popular in the Galician and Bukovinian Hutsul regions.
A single coin pendant on a chain or lace, placed in the center of the chest jewelry, was also worn in Pokuttia. In some places, coin jewelry was worn on top of other jewelry, such as a row of ducats on a chain (“talars,” “rynsks,” “cheshks,” “ducats”) or several coins suspended from a necklace in the middle of the row.
In Bukovyna, a ribbon gerdan made of beads with coins sewn along the bottom edge and a special decoration influenced by Turkey, the salba, in the form of rows of coins (mostly silver) sewn onto fabric (velvet or homespun cloth), were also popular.
The photographs are from the collections of the Museum of Ethnography and Art Crafts in Lviv, the Josaphat Kobrynsky National Museum of Hutsulshchyna and Pokuttya in Kolomyia, the Ternopil Museum of Local Lore, the Lviv Skansen (Shevchenko's Grove) and from open sources
Archival photos of ducats from Hutsul region from open sources
Archival photos of ducats from Pocuttia from open sources
Archival photos of ducats from Western Podillia from open sources
Archival photos of ducats from Boykivshchyna from open sources
Archival photos of ducats from Eastern Ukraine from open sources
Project "Decorative metal: metal elements of traditional Ukrainian neck jewelry" is supported by the European Union under the House of Europe programme.