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Biologists investigate the living world at all levels using many different approaches and techniques.
At one end of the scale is the cell, its molecular construction and complex metabolic reactions. At the other end of the scale biologists investigate the interactions that make whole ecosystems function. Many discoveries remain to be made and great progress is expected in the 21st century.
Through studying a science subject students should become aware of how scientists work and communicate with each other. While the scientific method may take on a wide variety of forms, the emphasis on a practical approach. In addition, through the overarching theme of the “Nature of Science” this knowledge and skills will be put into the context of way science and scientists work in the 21st Century and the ethical debates and limitations of creative scientific endeavour.
The sciences are taught practically. Students have opportunities to design investigations, collect data, develop manipulative skills, analyse results, collaborate with peers and evaluate and communicate their findings. The investigations may be laboratory based or they may make use of simulations and data bases. Students develop the skills to work independently on their own design, but also collegiately, including collaboration with schools in different regions, to mirror the way in which scientific research is conducted in the wider community.
Studying for IB Biology HL
Studying for IB Biology HL
The best way to study for the IB Biology HL exam is to complete the IB Biology Syllabus Statements. These statements are organized into different topics like Cell Biology, Molecular Biology, Ecology, etc. and then further divided into subsections like Introduction to Cells. Within these subsections, students are expected to learn statements that are divided between units.
Example:
Topic 6: Human Physiology
Topic 6: Human Physiology
Topic 6.1: Digestion & Absorption
6.1.U1 The contraction of circular and longitudinal muscle of the small intestine mixes the food with enzymes and moves it along the gut.
- Outline the role of peristalsis in the digestive process.
The goal is to answer the question(s) that is/are below the statement like Outline the Role of Peristalsis in the Digestive Process. Other questions can include describing a process or draw a system and label the diagram.
An example of answering the statement above is:
Peristalsis is the principal mechanism of movement in the oesophagus, although it also occurs in both the stomach and gut. Continuous segments of longitudinal smooth muscle rhythmically contract and relax. Food is moved unidirectionally along the alimentary canal in a caudal direction (mouth to anus)
- contraction of circular and longitudinal muscle of the small intestine helps mix (mechanical digestion) the food with enzymes and moves the semi-digested food (bolus) along the gut in a process called peristalsis
- These muscles are made up of smooth muscle
- The process by which continual waves of contraction and relaxation (peristalsis) of the circular and longitudinal muscle occur along the muscle layers surrounding the small intestine is controlled by the autonomic nervous system
- Food is transported slowly through the small intestine to allow for maximum digestion and absorption of nutrients
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