In situ and other Indicators for Overgrazing:
CLIMATE
Air temperature
Rainfall
Aridity Index
Potential evapotranspiration
Rainfall seasonality
Rainfall erosivity
SOILS
Parent material
Rock fragments
Slope aspect
Slope gradient
Soil depth
Soil texture
Soil water storage capacity
Exposure of rock outcrops
Organic matter surface horizon
Electrical conductivity
VEGETATION
Major Land use
Vegetation cover type
Plant cover
Deforested areas
FIRES
Fire frequency
Fire risk
Burned area
SOCIO-ECONOMIC INDICATORS
AGRICULTURE
Farm ownership
Farm size
Land fragmentation
Net farm income
Parallel employment
HUSBANDRY
Grazing control
Grazing intensity
LAND MANAGEMENT
Fire protection
Soil erosion control measures
Soil water conservation measures
Terracing (presence of)
WATER USE
Runoff water storage
SOCIAL
Old age index
Population density
Population growth rate
INSTITUTIONAL
Farm subsidies
Protected areas
Policy implementation
CLIMATE
Air temperature
Rainfall
Aridity Index
Potential evapotranspiration
Rainfall seasonality
Rainfall erosivity
WATER
Water quality
Water quantity
Groundwater exploitation
Water consumption/demand
SOILS
Drainage
Parent material
Rock fragments
Slope aspect
Slope gradient
Soil depth
Soil texture
Soil water storage capacity
Exposure of rock outcrops
Organic matter surface horizon
Electrical conductivity
VEGETATION
Major Land use
Vegetation cover type
Plant cover
Deforested areas
WATER RUNOFF
Drainage density
Flooding frequency
Impervious surface area
…..
…..
FIRES
Fire frequency
Fire risk
Burned area
Socio-economic indicators
AGRICULTURE
Farm ownership
Farm size
Land fragmentation
Net farm income
Parallel employment
CULTIVATION
Tillage operations
Tillage depth
Tillage direction
Mechanization index
HUSBANDRY
Grazing control
Grazing intensity
LAND MANAGEMENT
Fire protection
Sustainable farming
Reclamation of affected areas
Reclamation of mining areas
Soil erosion control measures
Soil water conservation measures
Terracing (presence of)
LAND USE
Land abandonment
Land use intensity
Land use type
Period of current land use
Distance from seashore
WATER USE
Aquifer over exploitation
Irrigation percentage of arable land
Runoff water storage
Water consumption by sector
Water scarcity
TOURISM
Tourism intensity
Tourism change
SOCIAL
Human poverty index
Old age index
Population density
Population growth rate
Population distribution
INSTITUTIONAL
Farm subsidies
Protected areas
Policy implementation