In situ and other Indicators For Groundwater level/quality

CLIMATE

Air temperature

Rainfall

Aridity Index

Potential evapotranspiration

Rainfall seasonality 

WATER

Water quality

Water quantity

Groundwater exploitation

Water consumption/demand

 WATER RUNOFF

Drainage density

Flooding frequency

Impervious surface area 

FIRES

Fire frequency

Fire risk 

AGRICULTURE

Farm ownership

Farm size

Land fragmentation 

HUSBANDRY

Grazing intensity

LAND MANAGEMENT

Soil water conservation measures

LAND USE

Land abandonment

Land use intensity

Land use type

WATER USE

Aquifer over exploitation

Irrigation percentage of arable land

Runoff water storage

Water consumption by sector

Water scarcity

TOURISM

Tourism intensity

Tourism change

…..

 SOCIAL

Population density

Population growth rate

Population distribution

Other indicator:

SDG 11.3.1 "ratio of land consumption rate to population growth rate"
- Land Consumption
- Rate Population Growth Rate

ESA(I) Environmentally Sensitive Areas to Desertification (Index)
- Soil Quality Index (SQI)
- Climate Quality Index (CQI)