Essential Question: How do those in power control entire populations of people through information access and freedom of expression?
The last time I taught Fahrenheit 451, the COVID-19 shutdown was in full-force, and I wanted to find a new way to teach this book. F451 isn't my favorite book in the world but I do love its message about knowledge, conformity, power and control. I wanted to find a way to connect this book to the world we live in today, so I tried to pull in as much relevant current events as I could since we are seeing the most drastic calls for book bans in the last two years.
I had never taught anything for Banned Books Week but this year felt especially important considering all the mess we've seen with parents demanding that books that focus on queer characters, characters of color and characters of other marginalized identities be taken off the shelves in order to "protect" children.
As an English teacher, I don't think books are dangerous: it's how one acts after reading a book where the danger may lie. But children should be allowed to read what they would like, to learn about different life experiences, cultures, and perspectives. Who would I be if I only could read books about white middle-class characters? If I'm honest, that was all I read up until middle school, and then I finally saw myself in books with characters that looked like me and my world changed. We're doing ourselves a massive disservice by labeling diverse books as dangerous. The only ones who are dangerous are the ones who are afraid of different ideas than their own.
Monday: 4 Corners focusing on free speech, censorship and access to information and ideas
Tuesday: Banned Books in 2021 (PBS News Hour and the American Library Association) & Banned Books Proposal Day 1
Wednesday: Banned Books Proposal Day 2. Students share their proposals to the class the potential controversies surrounding the books and the class votes on whether or not we need to remove the text from our school
Thursday: Nazi Book Burning. Students watched a brief video and answered four questions in regard to book burning.
To introduce my students to the concepts of government surveillance and dystopia, we watched this short documentary on how well equipped China is on monitoring its citizens.
For my students to have a better understanding on information access and government repercussions, we enjoyed an episode of Hasan Minhaj's political comedy: (1) Saudi Arabia | Patriot Act with Hasan Minhaj | Netflix - YouTube
My students and I explored current hysteria surrounding Critical Race Theory, a law school concept, that is now at the center of curriculum debates.
Article: Critical Race Theory: The Fight Over What History Kids Learn | Time
In light of the calls to ban 6 books in Dearborn Public Schools because they focused on "mature" or "inappropriate" themes for high school, my students wrote fake tweets to show support for the Dearborn Public Library.
News Story: Book ban debate heats up at Dearborn schools, throughout the U.S. (wxyz.com)
Fake Tweet Generator: Tweetgen - The Realest Fake Tweet and Twitter Screenshot Generator
Taking a break from Fahrenheit 451, we focused on music censorship and watched a fun video from Vox about the origin of the parental advisory sticker and explicit label on music.
Video: (1) How heavy metal and Satan gave us this sticker - YouTube
In honor of Indigenous People's Month, my students and I read scholar Debbie Reese's interview about the importance of representation in children's literature, especially for Indigenous children.
Article: Debbie Reese on Book Bans and Native Representation | Learning for Justice
I didn't want the attack on books to take center-stage for the class so there were opportunities to celebrate the books, stories, movies and tv shows that impacted us the most. This semester, I wanted them to embrace the energy of "To read the word is to read the world".
Before we started reading Fahrenheit 451, I asked my students to think about the books that were meaningful to them in their lives. It could be their favorite children's book, a manga they are obsessed with, a movie they love, or a book they're currently reading. Once they put together their slide, we did a virtually gallery walk to see what stories were impactful to us.
Inspired by Dr. Rudine Sims-Bishop's article about the importance of representation, she writes, "...books can be windows, offering a view of a real or imagined world where things were familiar or strange to the reader. Windows could also be like sliding glass doors. A reader opens the door and walks in, to become part of whatever an author provides...when the light is just right, a person can see themselves reflected in a window, similar to gazing into a mirror" (Dillard and Keels), I asked my students to think about the stories, TV shows, and movies where they felt a deep personal connection to.
To take a break from the novel, we got crafty! And I asked my students:
Where did they feel like they saw themselves the first time?
When did they feel like they learned about a different culture or way of life?
Whose world did they fall in love with so quickly they just stepped right into it?
Too often in high school, we take ourselves too seriously. It's important that we give ourselves a chance to express ourselves in different ways. In ELA, it doesn't always have to be through writing. I wanted to give my students an opportunity to create with art supplies!
Google Folder with PowerPoint slides: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1dIPZnBx0qAp-RCCq6WbVRwTz4o6K_WXu?usp=sharing
For 7 weeks, my students and I read 4 days a week, 15 pages a day. Honestly this was the most fun I ever had teaching the novel as we utilized Tim Robbins' narration on Audible.
Every day, I would ask my students 3-5 questions while reading, examining characterization, theme, and literary devices.
My kiddos seemed relatively engaged with the text as I tried to hype it up as much as possible. While it's not my favorite to teach, I had more fun than the first time I taught it.
Once we finished the novel, it was time to put pencil to paper. Students were asked to choose one of these seven prompts and write about Bradbury's effectiveness in communicating the message. They were simply writing an introduction and one body paragraph with the use of 3 textual pieces of evidence.
You'd think writing an intro and one body paragraph would be simple, but there were so many more questions than I realized. Granted, many students hadn't written an essay in the last 3 years so I had to reteach a lot of those concepts. For an entire week, my students created skeletons of their introduction and body paragraph so they felt more confident before writing the impromptu
Once we finished the novel, I wanted my students to watch the HBO Adaptation with Michael B Jordan to see how the message of the story evolved from book to film. Surprisingly, my students were very disappointed in the omission of Millie and Faber, and the change to Clarisse's character. The movie is drastically different than the novel and as a stickler myself about book-to-film adaptations, my kiddos wished it was more faithful to the book.
To wrap up our unit on censorship and information access, my students and I became documentarians as they watched the Ari Palo's film Precious Knowledge to examine the liberation and empowerment felt by Tucson students in their Raza Studies classes, and the overreach by Arizona State Officials who dismantled the class at the state level.
As they watched, they completed a note catcher as they examined the choices the director made when filming and editing the documentary. After, they wrote a Precis Paragraph analyzing the effectiveness of Palo's argument and cinematic techniques.
Documentary streaming on Vimeo (rent for $4.99 or buy for $20.00). I bought it because I enjoy it so much that I know I'll teach with it again!
As precis paragraphs are incredibly concise, I wanted to help scaffold their writing as much as possible. Each sentence has particular content that needs to be addressed, and so I created this planning document to help them narrow their focus before writing their sentences.
Essential Question: What motivates us to forgive?
Topics: Forgiveness, revenge/vengeance, wrongful conviction, biased juries, and criminal justice reform.
This is my first time genuinely re-using old materials and I'm just happy that I love this unit. Some activities are repeat from last year, so they can be found under last year's tab.
Texts
Moth Stories
Hector Black
NowThis: Fight For Freedom (YouTube)
12 Angry Men (play & film)
If Beale Street Could Talk
Observation Questions: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1BrG9HwZ9qP1VvX7_vfHSN4wj7mxV8MdnD16lNIi1_gs/edit?usp=sharing
Film Guide: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1SzC5NmrIVeGbEEkjgL_HUkx82q9ZHTUYqIwqnlNMf2Y/edit?usp=sharing
While the curriculum suggests The Tempest as our drama for the unit, I figured my kiddos were not super eager to read Shakespeare so I improvised.
During my student teaching, I taught this play and had so much fun with it so I decided to go for round 2!
This play served as a segue for my students to grasp the concept of prejudice in our justice system as they read and listened to the jurors justify their votes based on their own biases.
Together, we examined the perspectives of the jurors and assessed the validity of their arguments as the stakes were too high to ignore.
It was so much fun to teach as we transformed our classroom into the deliberation room and acted as the jurors.
Before we start reading If Beale Street Could Talk, I asked my kiddos to explore the flaws of our criminal justice system as they research and report on an exonerated person from The Innocence Project. Pretending to be journalists, I asked them to gather notes on the crime, initial investigation & trial, and then the post-conviction investigation that eventually exonerated them. The next task was to create a newspaper spread with their research and pretending to be a journalist.
Here are some of my favorites!
This is my first year re-teaching materials that I've used previously and I enjoyed my unit with IBSCT so much that I wanted to do it again! Now that my students have more background knowledge and understandings of how prejudice impacts our justice system, I'm hopeful that they are able to identify the flaws of the system in this fictional story.
Observation Questions: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Um6p0LENUgRymOYaIwZtcGjcEh5Q21Z_rzlB8e0usGw/edit?usp=sharing
I finally got to experience in-person guest speakers! Using my connections from MIC last year, I wanted to invite their fellows back to talk with my students about the work that they do. We're halfway through IBSCT so they'll have a solid foundation of understanding the holes in the criminal legal system as we explore Fonny's case.
Thank you to Liz Cole and Alexis Franks from MIC!
Before we finish the novel, I wanted my kids to consider the dire situation for Tish and Fonny: What if she gives birth while he is still in jail?
Giving ourselves the chance to be creative, I asked them to pretend to be either Tish or Fonny and write a letter to their child.
Prompts for their imagination:
In a one page letter to your future child, how would you explain your current situation?
What do you want your child to know about their other parent?
How do you want to prepare them for the world that they’re about to enter?
What values do you believe are important for the child to learn and act on?
Rarely would I show the movie before our essay, but considering how faithful of an adaptation the film is, I wanted to give my students the chance to watch the film so that they can find inspiration for their thematic essay.
Viewing Guide: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1R4eAdDlL9RSvivf6j1QOOeP4iLbSqbyjlAjReb8ko_E/edit?usp=sharing
As a send-off to IBSCT, I figured now was the perfect time to write (their first of the year) 5-paragraph essay! Focusing entirely on the novel's themes, students were able to choose of the themes:
Love provides comfort and protection
Genuine support is detrimental for success
Hope brings peace in difficult situations
At its core, America and its policies are a direct threat to Black love, dignity, and liberation.
Fear completely disrupts a person’s ability to be at peace
Isolation hurts one’s humanity.
Shame brings nothing but disruption because it does not come from a place of love
Judgment is a reflection on the person who is spewing it.
What is “good” must benefit all people and not just a few.
Time has both a positive and negative impact on one’s sense of hope.
Anticipation for justice creates more anxiety than hope.
Like the abbreviated Fahrenheit 451 paper, I provided skeletons and in-class writing days so that students could ask questions or get feedback on their work. I challenged them to write this paper within 1 week and as luck would have it, school activities and interruptions pushed the deadline a few days back. If I were to do this essay again, I would try not to do it so close to finals week so that it doesn't have such a heavy weight before the end of the semester.
My sister's virtual visit last year was such a success, I decided to do it again--but this time she was able to come in person!!! It was so much to bring my sister to work with me and my kiddos were very inquisitive during their presentation. If anything, it was an opportunity for them to start thinking about how we can improve our criminal justice system before their final project.
How can we make the world a better place by reforming our criminal legal system? Like the last two years, students chose a topic from a list I produced about criminal justice reform ideas. They could choose any side of the argument, but had present 3 facts that support their claim. They could create a PowerPoint Presentation or a TikTok/video/podcast (but sadly only a handful of kiddos did videos which surprised me).
Alternatives to the Juvenile Justice System
Human Trafficking
Discriminatory Sentencing
Commisary Products
Cannabis
DNA & Forensics
Family Contact During Prison
This was the hardest year of my teaching career (so far) but this was probably the most confident I felt teaching the content because I was able to reshape a lot of work that I had used in the previous year. Downside of that is I get bored easily if I'm doing the same thing so I'm glad I could spice it up with a play and 3 guest speakers. Next year, if I continue the criminal justice unit, I would love to take my students to either the Detroit Justice Center or to the Michigan Innocence Clinic site at U of M. However, I am considering pivoting slightly to focus still on the criminal justice system, but gearing it towards the death penalty--or a complete pivot to how do we forgive people who have wronged us, rather than a system. But that's still to be determined! Overall I had a fun time with my sophomores, the one thing I wish I did more of was grammar and essay instruction. If anything, I was trying to have the fun outweigh the technical stuff because I was seeking joy too. This was a really hard year for me, and now I look forward to resting (and lesson planning).