Part of Speech & Definition

• Noun: A word that names a specific person, place, thing, or idea and always begins with a capital letter.
  
  

Complex Definition
A proper noun is a type of noun that refers to a unique and specific entity, such as an individual’s name, a country, a month, or a brand, and it must always be capitalized to show its importance and distinction from common nouns.

Simple Definition
A special name for a person, place, or thing that starts with a big letter.

Characteristics

• Always starts with a capital letter.
  
  

• Refers to something unique and specific.
  
  

• Cannot usually be replaced by a general word.
  
  

Examples

• November, Maria, Africa, McDonald’s, New York
  
  

Non-Examples

• month, girl, country, restaurant, city (These are common nouns, not proper nouns.)
  
  

Translations

• Spanish (Español): Nombre propio → Un nombre especial de una persona, lugar o cosa que empieza con mayúscula.
  
  

• Persian (فارسی): اسم خاص → نام ویژه‌ای برای شخص، مکان یا چیز که با حرف بزرگ شروع می‌شود.
  
  

• Somali (Soomaali): Magac gaar ah → Magac gaar ah oo qof, meel, ama shay oo bilaabma xaraf weyn.
  
  

• Arabic (العربية): اسم عَلَم → اسم خاص لشخص أو مكان أو شيء ويبدأ دائمًا بحرف كبير.
  
  

• Swahili (Kiswahili): Jina maalum → Jina maalum la mtu, mahali, au kitu kinachoanza na herufi kubwa.
  
  

• Pashto (پښتو): ځانګړی نوم → د ځانګړي شخص، ځای، یا شي نوم چې تل د لوی تورو څخه پیل کیږي.
  
  

• Kinyarwanda: Izina nyirizina → Izina ryihariye ry’umuntu, ahantu, cyangwa ikintu gitangira inyuguti nkuru.
  
  

• Nepali (नेपाली): विशेष संज्ञा → कुनै विशेष व्यक्तिको, स्थानको, वा वस्तुको नाम जुन ठूलो अक्षरबाट सुरु हुन्छ।
  
  

• Vietnamese (Tiếng Việt): Danh từ riêng → Tên đặc biệt của người, nơi chốn, hoặc vật, luôn bắt đầu bằng chữ in hoa.

Part of Speech & Definition

• Noun phrase: A group of words that does not make a complete sentence because it is missing a subject or predicate.
  
  

Complex Definition
A sentence fragment is an incomplete sentence that lacks either a subject, a verb (predicate), or both, and therefore fails to express a complete thought.

Simple Definition
A group of words that is not a full sentence.

Characteristics

• Missing subject, predicate, or both.
  
  

• Does not make sense alone.
  
  

• Often used by mistake.
  
  

Examples

• Running down the street.
  
  

• Because I was late.
  
  

Non-Examples

• She is running down the street.
  
  

• I was late.
  
  

Translations

• Spanish: Fragmento de oración → Un grupo de palabras que no forma una oración completa.
  
  

• Persian: بخش ناقص جمله → گروهی از کلمات که جمله کامل نمی‌سازد.
  
  

• Somali: Qayb jumlad ah → Erayo aan buuxin jumlad dhamaystiran.
  
  

• Arabic: جملة ناقصة → مجموعة كلمات لا تُكوِّن جملة كاملة.
  
  

• Swahili: Kifungu cha sentensi → Maneno ambayo hayatoi sentensi kamili.
  
  

• Pashto: نیمګړی جمله → د کلمو ډله چې بشپړه جمله نه جوړوي.
  
  

• Kinyarwanda: Igice cy’interuro → Amagambo atuzuza interuro yuzuye.
  
  

• Nepali: अधुरो वाक्य → शब्दहरूको समूह जसले पूरा वाक्य बनाउँदैन।
  
  

• Vietnamese: Mảnh câu → Nhóm từ không tạo thành câu hoàn chỉnh.
  
  

Run-on sentence 🏃

Part of Speech & Definition

• Noun phrase: Two or more complete sentences joined incorrectly without proper punctuation or conjunction.
  
  

Complex Definition
A run-on sentence occurs when independent clauses (complete sentences) are improperly connected, often without punctuation or conjunctions, making the sentence confusing and grammatically incorrect.

Simple Definition
Two or more sentences put together the wrong way.

Characteristics

• Combines full sentences without punctuation or connectors.
  
  

• Hard to read and understand.
  
  

• Fixable with a period, semicolon, or conjunction.
  
  

Examples

• I love pizza I eat it every day.
  
  

• She ran fast he stayed behind.
  
  

Non-Examples

• I love pizza. I eat it every day.
  
  

• She ran fast, but he stayed behind.
  
  

Translations

• Spanish: Oración enunciada sin pausa → Dos o más oraciones unidas incorrectamente.
  
  

• Persian: جمله به‌هم‌چسبیده → دو یا چند جمله کامل که نادرست به هم وصل شده‌اند.
  
  

• Somali: Jumlad isku xiran khaldan → Laba ama in ka badan jumlad oo si qalad ah isugu biiray.
  
  

• Arabic: جملة طويلة خاطئة → جملتان أو أكثر متصلتان بشكل غير صحيح.
  
  

• Swahili: Sentensi ndefu isiyo sahihi → Sentensi mbili au zaidi zilizojumuishwa vibaya.
  
  

• Pashto: اوږده نیمګړې جمله → دوه یا زیاتې جملې چې ناسم یوځای شوي.
  
  

• Kinyarwanda: Interuro ndende ituzuye → Interuro ebyiri cyangwa nyinshi zifatanye nabi.
  
  

• Nepali: लामो वाक्य त्रुटि → दुई वा बढी पूरा वाक्यहरू गलत रूपमा जोडिएका।
  
  

• Vietnamese: Câu chạy dài → Hai hoặc nhiều câu được nối sai.

Part of Speech & Definition

• Noun phrase: A type of run-on sentence where two independent clauses are joined with only a comma.
  
  

Complex Definition
A comma splice occurs when two complete sentences are incorrectly linked with just a comma, without a coordinating conjunction (e.g., and, but, so) or proper punctuation.

Simple Definition
Two full sentences joined only with a comma.

Characteristics

• Has a comma but no connector.
  
  

• Grammatically incorrect.
  
  

• Can be fixed by adding a conjunction, semicolon, or period.
  
  

Examples

• It is late, I need to sleep.
  
  

• She likes tea, he likes coffee.
  
  

Non-Examples

• It is late. I need to sleep.
  
  

• She likes tea, but he likes coffee.
  
  

Translations

• Spanish: Error de coma → Dos oraciones completas unidas solo por una coma.
  
  

• Persian: اشتباه ویرگولی → دو جمله کامل که تنها با ویرگول به هم وصل شده‌اند.
  
  

• Somali: Qalad ka mid ah isticmaalka comma → Laba jumlad oo dhameystiran oo lagu xiray keliya comma.
  
  

• Arabic: خطأ فاصلة → جملتان كاملتان متصلتان فقط بفاصلة.
  
  

• Swahili: Kosa la koma → Sentensi mbili kamili zimeunganishwa kwa koma pekee.
  
  

• Pashto: د ویرګول تېروتنه → دوه بشپړې جملې یوازې د ویرګول سره یوځای شوي.
  
  

• Kinyarwanda: Ikosa rya koma → Interuro ebyiri zuzuye zifatanyijwe na koma gusa.
  
  

• Nepali: अल्पविराम त्रुटि → दुई पूरा वाक्य केवल अल्पविरामले जोडिएका।
  
  

• Vietnamese: Lỗi dấu phẩy → Hai câu hoàn chỉnh chỉ được nối bằng dấu phẩy.

Part of Speech & Definition

• Noun phrase: The part of a sentence that tells who or what the sentence is about.
  
  

Complex Definition
The subject of a sentence identifies the main person, place, thing, or idea performing or being described by the verb.

Simple Definition
The person or thing a sentence is about.

Characteristics

• Usually comes before the verb.
  
  

• Answers the question “Who?” or “What?”
  
  

• Can be a single word or a phrase.
  
  

Examples

• Maria runs fast. (Maria = subject)
  
  

• The big dog barked. (The big dog = subject)
  
  

Non-Examples

• runs fast (This is the predicate, not the subject.)
  
  

• barked loudly (This is the predicate, not the subject.)
  
  

Translations

• Spanish: Sujeto → La parte de la oración de la que se habla.
  
  

• Persian: نهاد (فاعل) → بخشی از جمله که نشان می‌دهد درباره چه کسی یا چه چیزی صحبت می‌شود.
  
  

• Somali: Mawduuca jumlada → Qofka ama shayga jumladu ka hadlayso.
  
  

• Arabic: المُبتدأ / الفاعل → الجزء الذي يوضح من أو ما تتحدث عنه الجملة.
  
  

• Swahili: Kihusishi (mtenda) → Sehemu ya sentensi inayosema kuhusu nani au nini.
  
  

• Pashto: نهاد → د جملې هغه برخه چې ښيي جمله د چا یا د څه په اړه ده.
  
  

• Kinyarwanda: Umwirondoro (isubizo ry’iki? cyangwa ni nde?) → Igice cy’interuro kivuga uwo cyangwa icyo ari cyo.
  
  

• Nepali: कर्त्ता → वाक्यले कुन व्यक्ति वा वस्तुको बारेमा कुरा गर्छ।
  
  

• Vietnamese: Chủ ngữ → Phần câu cho biết ai hoặc cái gì được nói đến.
  
  

Part of Speech & Definition

• Noun phrase: The part of a sentence that tells what the subject does or is.
  
  

Complex Definition
The predicate is the part of the sentence that contains the verb and gives information about the subject, describing its action, state, or condition.

Simple Definition
What the subject does.

Characteristics

• Always contains a verb.
  
  

• Describes action or state of subject.
  
  

• Works with the subject to make a complete sentence.
  
  

Examples

• Maria runs fast. (runs fast = predicate)
  
  

• The big dog barked loudly. (barked loudly = predicate)
  
  

Non-Examples

• Maria (This is the subject, not the predicate.)
  
  

• The big dog (This is the subject, not the predicate.)
  
  

Translations

• Spanish: Predicado → Lo que el sujeto hace o es.
  
  

• Persian: گزاره → بخشی از جمله که عمل یا حالت نهاد را نشان می‌دهد.
  
  

• Somali: Sheegashada jumlada (Predicate) → Waxqabadka ama xaaladda mawduuca.
  
  

• Arabic: الخبر / المسند → الجزء الذي يوضح ما يفعله أو ما هو عليه الفاعل.
  
  

• Swahili: Kitenzi na habari zake → Sehemu ya sentensi inayoeleza kitendo cha mhusika.
  
  

• Pashto: خبر → د جملې برخه چې د نهاد کار یا حالت ښيي.
  
  

• Kinyarwanda: Ikivuga → Igice cy’interuro kigaragaza ibyo umwirondoro akora.
  
  

• Nepali: विधेय → वाक्यमा कर्ताले गर्ने कार्य वा उसको अवस्था।
  
  

• Vietnamese: Vị ngữ → Phần câu cho biết hành động hoặc trạng thái của chủ ngữ.

Part of Speech & Definition

• Noun: The use of a capital letter at the start of a word.
  
  

Complex Definition
Capitalization is the writing convention of using uppercase letters at the beginning of sentences, proper nouns, and important words to show their grammatical or cultural significance.

Simple Definition
Writing a word with a big letter at the start.

Characteristics

• Always used at the start of a sentence.
  
  

• Used for names, places, months, holidays, titles.
  
  

• Signals importance or proper noun.
  
  

Examples

• John went to Paris in July.
  
  

• I love Christmas.
  
  

Non-Examples

• john went to paris in july.
  
  

• i love christmas.
  
  

Translations

• Spanish: Uso de mayúsculas → Escribir la primera letra en mayúscula.
  
  

• Persian: حرف بزرگ‌نویسی → استفاده از حروف بزرگ در ابتدای جمله یا اسم خاص.
  
  

• Somali: Xarfaha waaweyn → Isticmaalka xaraf weyn bilowga eray.
  
  

• Arabic: الأحرف الكبيرة (الحرف الكبير) → كتابة الحرف الأول بشكل كبير.
  
  

• Swahili: Herufi kubwa → Kutumia herufi kubwa mwanzoni mwa neno.
  
  

• Pashto: لوې توري لیکل → د کلمې په پیل کې د لوی توري کارول.
  
  

• Kinyarwanda: Inyuguti nkuru → Kwandika inyuguti nini ku ntangiriro y’ijambo.
  
  

• Nepali: ठूलो अक्षर प्रयोग → शब्दको सुरूमा ठूलो अक्षर प्रयोग गर्ने।
  
  

• Vietnamese: Viết hoa → Viết chữ cái đầu tiên bằng chữ hoa.

Part of Speech with Definition: Noun. A shortened form of a word or a group of words.

Complex Definition: An abbreviation is a reduction of a word or phrase to a shorter form, which can be done by using the first letters of each word (acronyms like NASA), or by dropping letters from a single word (contractions like Dr. for doctor). This shortening serves to increase the efficiency of written or spoken language.

Simple Definition: A shortened version of a word or phrase.

Characteristics: Shortened; often uses periods or capitalization; can be made of initial letters; used for efficiency.

Examples: Mr., Dr., UN, USA, etc., i.e.

Non-Examples: The full words Mister, Doctor, United Nations, United States of America, et cetera, id est.

Translations:

• Spanish: Abreviatura

• Persian: اختصار

• Somali: Soo gaabinta

• Arabic: اختصار

• Swahili: Kifupisho

• Pashto: لنډیز

• Kinyarwanda: Inyuguti

• Nepali: संक्षेप

• Vietnamese: Viết tắt

Part of Speech with Definition: Noun. A greeting at the beginning of a letter, email, or other form of written communication.

Complex Definition: A salutation is the initial polite address used to greet the recipient of a letter, email, or formal document. The form of the salutation depends on the relationship between the sender and the recipient and the formality of the context.

Simple Definition: The greeting of a letter or email.

Characteristics: Occurs at the beginning of a message; addresses the recipient directly; formality varies; followed by the body of the message.

Examples: Dear Mr. Smith, To Whom It May Concern, Hi team, Best regards.

Non-Examples: The body of a message; the closing (Sincerely, Regards); a signature.

Translations:

• Spanish: Saludo

• Persian: درود

• Somali: Salaan

• Arabic: تحية

• Swahili: Salamu

• Pashto: سلام

• Kinyarwanda: Indamutso

• Nepali: अभिवादन

• Vietnamese: Lời chào

Part of Speech with Definition: Noun. Punctuation marks placed at the end of a sentence to show its purpose.

Complex Definition: End marks, also known as terminal punctuation, are symbols used to conclude a complete thought in writing. They provide clarity by signaling whether a sentence is a statement (period), a question (question mark), or an expression of strong emotion (exclamation point).

Simple Definition: Punctuation at the end of a sentence.

Characteristics: Marks the end of a sentence; indicates the type or purpose of a sentence (declarative, interrogative, exclamatory); used for clarity in writing.

Examples: Period (.), question mark (?), exclamation point (!).

Non-Examples: Commas (,); semicolons (;); apostrophes ('); quotation marks ("").

Translations:

• Spanish: Marcas de final

• Persian: علائم پایان

• Somali: Calaamadaha dhammaadka

• Arabic: علامات النهاية

• Swahili: Alama za mwisho

• Pashto: پایله نښې

• Kinyarwanda: Ibirango

• Nepali: अन्त्य चिन्ह

• Vietnamese: Dấu câu kết thúc

Part of Speech with Definition: Noun. A teaching approach where students learn at their own pace using teacher-made videos and focus on truly understanding the material.

Complex Definition: A modern classroom, often associated with concepts like the flipped classroom, is an educational environment that re-imagines traditional instruction. Instead of lectures happening in person, students watch instructional videos at home and use class time for more interactive, collaborative, and hands-on activities. This allows students to learn at their own speed and receive personalized support.

Simple Definition: A new way of teaching using videos and self-paced learning.

Characteristics: Student-centered; utilizes technology (videos); includes hands-on activities; promotes self-paced learning; personalized instruction.

Examples: A flipped classroom; using videos for homework and group projects for classwork; a blended learning environment.

Non-Examples: A traditional classroom with a teacher lecturing at the front of the room for the entire period; a silent study hall; a completely unstructured learning environment.

Translations:

• Spanish: Aula moderna

• Persian: کلاس درس مدرن

• Somali: Fasalka casriga ah

• Arabic: الفصل الدراسي الحديث

• Swahili: Darasa la kisasa

• Pashto: عصري ټولګی

• Kinyarwanda: Ishuri ry'iki gihe

• Nepali: आधुनिक कक्षा

• Vietnamese: Lớp học hiện đại

Part of Speech with Definition: Noun. A method of learning where the learner controls the speed and rhythm of their progress.

Complex Definition: Self-paced learning is an educational model that allows an individual to move through course material at a speed that is comfortable and effective for them. It contrasts with traditional, group-based instruction where all students are expected to progress at the same rate, regardless of their individual comprehension or prior knowledge.

Simple Definition: Learning at your own speed.

Characteristics: Learner-controlled pace; flexible schedule; individualized; can be asynchronous; often uses online resources.

Examples: An online course that you can start and stop whenever you want; studying with a textbook on your own time; a student watching a lecture video and re-watching parts they didn't understand.

Non-Examples: A live classroom lecture where the teacher moves on after a set time; a group project with a strict deadline for all members; a fixed-schedule seminar.

Translations:

• Spanish: Aprendizaje a ritmo propio

• Persian: یادگیری خودگردان

• Somali: Barashada isku-xirta

• Arabic: التعلم الذاتي

• Swahili: Kujifunza kwa kasi yako mwenyewe

• Pashto: خپل زده کړه

• Kinyarwanda: Kwiga ku giti cyawe

• Nepali: आफ्नै गतिमा सिक्ने

• Vietnamese: Học theo nhịp độ bản thân

Part of Speech with Definition: Adjective. A learning approach focused on making sure a person fully understands a topic before moving on to the next one.

Complex Definition: Mastery-oriented learning is a pedagogical approach where a learner must demonstrate a high level of proficiency or "mastery" of a specific topic or skill before being allowed to progress to new material. This model prioritizes deep understanding and retention over simply passing a test or keeping up with a group, often using a system of ongoing assessment and personalized remediation.

Simple Definition: Learning one topic completely before moving on.

Characteristics: Focuses on deep understanding; requires demonstration of mastery; allows for different learning paces; often involves re-testing or re-learning until mastery is achieved.

Examples: A math course where you must pass a quiz on addition with 90% accuracy before you can access the subtraction unit; a language course where you must demonstrate fluency in a set of vocabulary before learning new words.

Non-Examples: A traditional course where a student fails a test and moves on to the next unit regardless; a "teach-to-the-test" approach that focuses on memorization over understanding.

Translations:

• Spanish: Orientado a la maestría

• Persian: با رویکرد تسلط

• Somali: Ku jihaysan sayniska

• Arabic: موجه نحو الإتقان

• Swahili: Kuelekezwa kwa ustadi

• Pashto: پرمختللي زده کړه

• Kinyarwanda: Kwiga kugera ku ntego

• Nepali: प्रवीणता-उन्मुख

• Vietnamese: Định hướng thành thạo

Part of Speech with Definition: Noun. The act of using someone else's words or ideas without giving them credit.

Complex Definition: Plagiarism is the fraudulent act of presenting another person's work, ideas, or words as one's own without proper attribution. It is considered a serious ethical and academic offense that can result in severe consequences, including academic penalties, expulsion, and legal action, as it undermines intellectual honesty.

Simple Definition: Using someone else's words without giving them credit.

Characteristics: Use of another person's work (text, ideas, images); without proper citation; intentional or unintentional; form of intellectual theft; considered unethical.

Examples: Copying and pasting a paragraph from a website into an essay without a citation; submitting a paper written by a friend as your own; paraphrasing someone's argument without acknowledging the source.

Non-Examples: Quoting a source and properly citing it; summarizing a source's argument and citing it; citing a source with a bibliography or works cited page.

Translations:

• Spanish: Plagio

• Persian: سرقت ادبی

• Somali: Xatooyada

• Arabic: الانتحال

• Swahili: Wizi wa kazi

• Pashto: غلا

• Kinyarwanda: Ubujura bw'ibitekerezo

• Nepali: साहित्यिक चोरी

• Vietnamese: Đạo văn

Part of Speech with Definition: Noun. A system in the classroom for tracking how well students use technology for school-related tasks, with different levels that indicate proper or improper usage.

Complex Definition: Cyber certification is a structured, tiered system used within an educational setting to assess and acknowledge a student's proficiency and ethical conduct in using digital tools and resources. It often involves a progressive set of standards or a curriculum that students must complete to earn a certificate or badge, signifying their competence in areas like online safety, responsible research, and digital citizenship.

Simple Definition: A system to track how well students use technology.

Characteristics: Assesses technology use; has different levels or tiers; focuses on safety, responsibility, and proper usage; can involve tests or projects; provides a formal recognition of skills.

Examples: A school's online safety program that awards students a "Level 1 Cyber Citizen" badge after they pass a quiz on internet etiquette; a teacher assigning a project that requires students to find and cite online sources properly to earn their "researcher" certification.

Non-Examples: Using a computer for a single project without any assessment of skill or conduct; simply logging on to a website; a general grade for a computer-based assignment.

Translations:

• Spanish: Certificación cibernética

• Persian: گواهینامه سایبری

• Somali: Shahaadada internetka

• Arabic: الشهادة الإلكترونية

• Swahili: Cheti cha mtandao

• Pashto: سایبر تصدیق

• Kinyarwanda: Icyemezo cy'ikoranabuhanga

• Nepali: साइबर प्रमाणीकरण

• Vietnamese: Chứng nhận an toàn mạng

Part of Speech with Definition: Noun. The act of working together with others to reach a goal.

Complex Definition: Teamwork is the collaborative effort of a group to achieve a common goal or to complete a task in the most effective and efficient way. It involves individuals sharing responsibilities, communicating openly, and utilizing each other's strengths and skills to produce a result that is greater than what could be achieved by an individual alone.

Simple Definition: Working together with others to reach a goal.

Characteristics: Involves multiple people; has a shared goal; requires collaboration and communication; leverages individual strengths; can increase efficiency.

Examples: A group of students working on a presentation together; a basketball team running a play; two colleagues co-authoring a report.

Non-Examples: Working on a project entirely by yourself; a group of people working on the same project but without any communication or coordination; two people competing against each other.

Translations:

• Spanish: Trabajo en equipo

• Persian: کار گروهی

• Somali: Shaqada kooxda

• Arabic: العمل الجماعي

• Swahili: Kazi ya pamoja

• Pashto: ډله ییز کار

• Kinyarwanda: Ubushake bw'ikipe

• Nepali: समूह कार्य

• Vietnamese: Làm việc nhóm

Part of Speech with Definition: Noun. The process of sharing ideas, thoughts, or feelings with words, writing, or actions.

Complex Definition: Communication is the process by which information is exchanged between individuals or groups, often through a common system of symbols, signs, or behaviors. This can be verbal (spoken or written words), non-verbal (body language, gestures), or visual (images, symbols), and is essential for collaboration, understanding, and the development of relationships.

Simple Definition: Sharing ideas, thoughts, or feelings.

Characteristics: Involves a sender and a receiver; can be verbal or non-verbal; uses a medium (speech, writing); can be two-way or one-way.

Examples: Talking to a friend; writing an email; a stop sign; a student raising their hand in class; a smile or a frown.

Non-Examples: Thinking to yourself; a random noise with no meaning; a book on a shelf that no one is reading; a locked box.

Translations:

• Spanish: Comunicación

• Persian: ارتباط

• Somali: Isgaadhsiin

• Arabic: الاتصال

• Swahili: Mawasiliano

• Pashto: اړیکه

• Kinyarwanda: Itumanaho

• Nepali: संचार

• Vietnamese: Giao tiếp

Part of Speech with Definition: Noun. The process of solving problems or disagreements in a peaceful way.

Complex Definition: Conflict resolution is a constructive and collaborative process in which two or more parties in a disagreement work to find a mutually acceptable solution. It involves skills such as active listening, negotiation, empathy, and compromise, aiming to transform a negative situation into a positive or neutral outcome without resorting to aggression or avoidance.

Simple Definition: Solving problems or disagreements peacefully.

Characteristics: Involves a disagreement; aims for a peaceful solution; uses negotiation, compromise, and communication; can be formal or informal.

Examples: Two friends talking through an argument and apologizing; a mediator helping a group come to an agreement; a teacher helping two students solve a disagreement over a shared toy.

Non-Examples: A physical fight; ignoring a problem and letting it fester; one person forcing the other to give in without any discussion; a shouting match.

Translations:

• Spanish: Resolución de conflictos

• Persian: حل و فصل مناقشه

• Somali: Xallinta khilaafaadka

• Arabic: حل النزاعات

• Swahili: Utatuzi wa migogoro

• Pashto: د شخړو حل

• Kinyarwanda: Gukemura amakimbirane

• Nepali: द्वन्द्व समाधान

• Vietnamese: Giải quyết xung đột

Part of Speech with Definition: Noun. The ability to understand and control your feelings, and respect others’ feelings.

Complex Definition: Emotional intelligence (EQ) is the capacity to be aware of, control, and express one's emotions, and to handle interpersonal relationships judiciously and empathetically. It involves self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills, and is considered crucial for success in personal and professional life.

Simple Definition: Understanding and managing your own and others' feelings.

Characteristics: Involves self-awareness and empathy; helps with social interactions; can be developed over time; enables effective communication and conflict resolution.

Examples: A person who stays calm and thinks clearly during a stressful situation; a leader who can sense and respond to the mood of their team; a student who can recognize when a classmate is feeling sad and offers support.

Non-Examples: Getting angry and lashing out at others without thinking; being unable to understand why someone is upset; a person who is very smart in school but struggles to make friends.

Translations:

• Spanish: Inteligencia emocional

• Persian: هوش هیجانی

• Somali: Xeerka shucuurta

• Arabic: الذكاء العاطفي

• Swahili: Akili ya hisia

• Pashto: احساساتي هوښیارتیا

• Kinyarwanda: Ubwenge bw'amarangamutima

• Nepali: भावनात्मक बुद्धिमत्ता

• Vietnamese: Trí tuệ cảm xúc

Part of Speech with Definition: Noun. The ability to be strong and not give up when things are hard.

Complex Definition: Resilience is the process of adapting well in the face of adversity, trauma, tragedy, threats, or significant sources of stress. It means "bouncing back" from difficult experiences. This ability involves developing coping strategies, maintaining a positive mindset, and drawing on internal and external support systems to overcome challenges and continue personal growth.

Simple Definition: The ability to recover from setbacks.

Characteristics: Involves "bouncing back"; strengthens with challenges; not giving up; ability to adapt to adversity; requires coping skills.

Examples: A student who gets a bad grade on a test but studies hard and does better on the next one; a person who loses their job but keeps a positive attitude and finds a new one; a community that rebuilds after a natural disaster.

Non-Examples: A person who gives up after their first failure; someone who lets one setback derail their entire plan; constantly complaining about problems without trying to solve them.

Translations:

• Spanish: Resiliencia

• Persian: تاب آوری

• Somali: U adkaysiga

• Arabic: المرونة

• Swahili: Ustahimilivu

• Pashto: پیاوړتیا

• Kinyarwanda: Ubushobozi

• Nepali: लचिलोपन

• Vietnamese: Khả năng phục hồi