Romania

Romania is a beautiful country located in southeastern Europe, famous for its rich cultural heritage, natural landscapes, and unique cuisine. The official language of Romania is Romanian, which is a Romance language that evolved from Latin. It is the only Romance language spoken in Eastern Europe.

Romania has a long and fascinating history, which includes a mix of various cultures and influences. The country was inhabited by the Dacians, who were conquered by the Romans in 106 AD. Later, Romania was invaded and ruled by various other empires, including the Ottomans, the Austro-Hungarians, and the Soviets. Romania became an independent country in 1877.

The capital of Romania is Bucharest, which is also the largest city in the country. It is known for its stunning architecture, including the Palace of the Parliament, which is the second-largest administrative building in the world. Bucharest is also home to many museums, parks, and cultural institutions.

Romania is divided into several main territories or regions, including Transylvania, Wallachia, and Moldova. Transylvania is known for its beautiful medieval cities, fortified churches, and stunning landscapes. Wallachia is famous for its castles and monasteries, while Moldova is known for its wine regions and unique cultural traditions.

Romanian cuisine is diverse and flavorful, with a mix of influences from neighboring countries such as Hungary and Turkey. Three specific dishes that are popular in Romania are Sarmale, which are stuffed cabbage rolls filled with a mixture of meat, rice, and spices; Mici, which are grilled minced meat rolls, typically served with mustard and bread; and Ciorba, which is a comforting sour soup made with root vegetables, meat, and herbs.

In addition to its language, history, capital, main territories, and cuisine, Romania is also known for its vibrant folk culture and music, which can be seen and heard in traditional costumes, dances, and festivals. Romania is also home to many natural wonders, such as the Carpathian Mountains, the Danube Delta, and the Black Sea Coast.

In conclusion, Romania is a country with a rich cultural heritage and fascinating history. Its language, cuisine, and natural landscapes are all unique and special, and its people are known for their hospitality and warmth. Romania is a must-visit destination for anyone interested in exploring and experiencing the diversity and beauty of Eastern Europe.

Activity 1: Read the text and answer the questions: 

1. What is the official language of Romania?

2. Which empires have invaded and ruled Romania throughout its history?

3. What is the name of the capital of Romania?

4. Which region of Romania is known for its castles and monasteries?

5. What are three specific dishes that are popular in Romania?

6. What are some of Romania's natural wonders?

Activity 2. Match the words with the correct definitions:

1. Fortified church

2. Landscape

3. Inhabit

4. Hospitability

5. Warmth

A. A place where people live; to reside or occupy

B. The way an area looks, including its natural features and landforms

C. A church with additional fortifications built in the medieval era for protection

D. The act of being welcoming and friendly to visitors and guests

E. The quality of being kind, friendly, and approachable

Activity 3: Further reading - Go online and find interesting things about Romania in order to answer these questions:

Trivia questions about Romania: 

1. Which region of Romania is known for its rich, fertile soil and extensive vineyards?

2. What is the name of the mountain range that stretches across most of Romania?

3. What is the name of the famous Gothic-style castle in Transylvania that is said to have inspired Bram Stoker's "Dracula"?

4. Who was Vlad the Impaler and how is he connected to the region of Transylvania?

5. What is the name of the Danube River delta in Romania, which is home to over 300 species of birds?

6. What is the name of the famous painted monastery in Bukovina that is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site?

7. What is the name of the traditional, brightly-colored clothing worn by people in the region of Maramureș?

8. Who is the Romanian sculptor known for his monumental abstract works, including the "Endless Column" in Târgu Jiu?

9. What is the name of the mineral spring resort in Romania that is believed to have therapeutic properties and is a popular tourist destination?

10. What is the name of the ancient Roman city in Romania that is home to a well-preserved amphitheater and is also listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site?