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Jika tuan pergi ke huma,
Jika tuan pergi ke huma,
Ambilkan saya buah timun;
Ambilkan saya buah timun;
Kalau tuan menjadi bunga,
Kalau tuan menjadi bunga,
Saya menjadi air embun.
Saya menjadi air embun.
1101, Page 139
Timun (Cucumis sativus)
It is also known as Cucumber (English), Timun (Indonesian), Pepino (Spanish), Concombre (French), Kamias (Philippine)
A. Taxonomical information
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Angiosperms
Class: Eudicots
Order: Cucurbitales
Family: Cucurbitaceae
Genus: Cucumis
Species: Cucumis sativus
B. Morphological/ distribution/ habitat info
Morphology
The cucumber (Cucumis sativus) is a trailing vine plant that produces elongated, green fruits, typically 15-25 cm long. The plant has large, broad leaves that are dark green and have a rough texture. Yellow flowers grow in clusters along the vines, and the fruit is usually smooth with a slightly curved or straight shape. Inside, the cucumber has crisp, juicy flesh with small seeds. Cucumbers thrive in warm climates with plenty of sunlight and water, making them well-suited for tropical and temperate regions. These plants are commonly grown in gardens and greenhouses worldwide for their refreshing fruit. ( Santos et al. (2014)
Distribution
It is native to South Asia but are now grown widely in many regions around the world. They thrive in tropical and subtropical climates with high humidity and warm temperatures. Today, cucumbers are cultivated in many countries, including the United States, China, India, and several European nations.
Habitat info
It grows best in warm, sunny areas. They need well-drained, fertile soil. Cucumbers prefer a humid climate and need a lot of water. They grow naturally in tropical and subtropical regions. In the wild, they are found near riverbanks or forest edges.
C. Traditional Uses/ TK- related info
traditional diets
They are often eaten fresh in salads or sandwiches. Cucumbers are also used to make pickles. In some cultures, cucumbers are applied to the skin for their cooling and soothing effects.
traditional medicine
Cucumber juice is sometimes used in traditional medicine for its hydrating properties.
D. Any related scientific studies, such as ecology/ conservation status/threats/diversity
its widespread cultivation, and lack of significant threats. While the wild relatives of cucumber could face ecological pressures, the cultivated variety is not at risk.
IUCN status
Least Concern
References
Santos et al. (2014). “Cucumis sativus: Characteristics, Growth, and Uses.”
Grumet, R., Lin, Y.-C., Rett‑Cadman, S., & Malik, A. (2023). Morphological and genetic diversity of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) fruit development. Plants, 12 (1), 23. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12010023
Ahmed, I., et al. (2022). A study on the phenotypic variation of 103 cucumber landraces (Cucumis sativus L.). Plants, 11(?), … https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9409761/
Iftikhar, M. S., Cheema, H. M. N., Khan, A., DeLacy, I. H., & Basford, K. E. (2024). Genetic diversity assessment of cucumber landraces using molecular signatures. BMC Genomics, 25, 1046. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864‑024‑10958‑z
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