Heat Flow
The basic physics that our poor warmies forget about is heat flow. Heat flows from warm to cold. It's as basic as "You can't push on a rope", and Force = Mass x Acceleration. All dysfunctional bureaucracies forget this, but SpaceX doesn't. It's why nasa can't shoot a rocket out of a paper bag. Once you corrupt physics at the top level, the rot goes all the way through.
Temperature is defined as the amount of vibration in the molecules of a substance. You can define it as the buzzing of billiard balls on the table. Let's say there is a group of close balls all vibrating. If you place another group of balls in contact, then they will slowly start to buzz. That's an energy flow, and with real heat, it is called conduction, direct contact with the molecules.
There are other forms of heat energy flow. The most famous, and least efficient, has been made famous by the warmies. It's called heat radiation. With atoms and molecules, they can vibrate so much that the surrounding electron cloud makes a shift. It shoots out a photon, taking energy from the vibration. Another object can be hit with this photon, and it vibrates a bit more. Long-wave infrared has the most 'oomf', and it is mostly associated with heat.
In liquids and gases, a vibrating mass is less dense than the cold surroundings. It will rise, thus transferring heat energy. We call that convection, and it is the most important source of heat transfer for the Earth. Ocean currents and atmospheric plumes will also move heat around. This is the same as taking a hot rock from the fire pit and throwing it into the lake. There is no fancy name for mass transport of heat energy.
This is a nice picture. For the climateests, the Earth is all radiation. But atmospheric heat flow is all convection, like in the pot. That's the fun of ignoring the physics you don't like. In the picture, a lot of heat energy is going out in the form of water vapour, which is evaporation.