image: Artüz, Levent (licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Syngnathus phlegon Risso, 1827 or Pelagic pipefish (EN), Aguja Espinosa (SP), Syngnathe épineux (FR), Pesce ago pelagico (IT) or Φλεγγοσακκοράφα (GR) is commonly distributed through the Mediterranean Sea and the north-eastern Atlantic European coasts. Furthermore, a single observation was documented on Santa Maria Island (Azores) and Marmara Sea . These observations could be interpreted as a possible distribution range expansions, but further monitoring is needed to confirm that possibility.
Pelagic pipefish distribution, according to IUCN (corrected by depth).
The pelagic pipefish possess a distinguishable light and dark brown pattern, similar in both sexes. Not much is known about the population dynamics, reproduction, or feeding habits of this fish. Indeed, since 2015 (when the Azores and Marmara Sea sightings were documented) little to no research has been conducted targeting S. phlegon. Consequently, it’s classified as “Data Deficient” by the IUCN Red List. Thus, it is urgent to see how S. phlegon’s population is responding to current threats affecting the Syngnathidae family, such as habitat destruction and climate change, while expanding our knowledge on the species’ ecology, in order to build robust conservation actions that could ensure the population viability in the future.
image: Ana Santos (licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)