Notation: EPI -Epidemic Index; ERI - Epidemic Risk Index.

EPI > 1 and Risk ERI is rocketing, as a result.

The pandemic in Western Europe is surging again. 3rd wave?

Update on the pandemic surge in Eastern Europe

There are signs of the pandemic starting to slow down. A downward trend is observed on the graph below.

There are signs of the pandemic surging in Eastern Europe. R/EPI > 1. The risk index/number ERI > 1 and increasing. The start of a new wave?

Update on the 2nd wave: December 2020

The pandemic continues to decline in the following countries in some countries. Below: their Risk numbers ERI graphs.

In some western European countries the pandemic moved into a danger zone, since EPI and ERI became >1.

The pandemic is starting to surge in Italy: EPI > 1. ERI > 1.

The below UK EPI (R - numbers) graph for 11 July - 11 Sep shows that the R-numbers are above 1 almost all the time. Together with the increasing UK ERI (Risk numbers) graph for 11 July - 11 Sep, they indicate the surging second wave.

The France EPI (R-numbers) for 21 July - 11 Sep are above 1 all but one day. Together with the increasing France ERI (Risk numbers) graph for 21 July - 11 Sep, they indicate the surging second wave. This is very similar to the UK graphs.

The Netherlands EPI (R-numbers) and ERI (Risk numbers) graphs for 22 July - 18 Sep are somewhat similar to the above France and UK graphs.

The Spain EPI (R-numbers) and ERI (Risk numbers) graphs for 22 July - 23 Sep are below. The Spain ERI (Risk numbers) graph is somewhat similar to the above France and UK graphs. However, the Spain EPI (R-numbers) graph is more chaotic.