Bibliografía 

BIRDSHOT

• Bousquet E, Duraffour P, Debillon L, Somisetty S, Monnet D, Brézin AP. Birdshot Chorioretinopathy: A Review. J Clin Med. 2022 Aug 16;11(16):4772. doi: 10.3390/jcm11164772. PMID: 36013011; PMCID: PMC9410532 

• Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN) Working Group. Classification Criteria for Birdshot Chorioretinitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 2021 Aug;228:65-71. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2021.03.059. Epub 2021 Apr 15. PMID: 33845003; PMCID: PMC8517033.

• You C, Lasave AF, Kubaisi B, Syeda S, Ma L, Wai KCK, Diaz MH, Walsh M, Stephenson A, Montieth A, Foster CS. Long-term outcomes of systemic corticosteroid-sparing immunomodulatory therapy for Birdshot Retinochoroidopathy. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2020 Aug 17;28(6):966-974. doi: 10.1080/09273948.2019.1641610. Epub 2019 Sep 30. PMID: 31567006. 

• Thorne JE, Jabs DA, Peters GB, Hair D, Dunn JP, Kempen JH. Birdshot retinochoroidopathy: ocular complications and visual impairment. Am J Ophthalmol. 2005 Jul;140(1):45-51. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2005.01.035. PMID: 16038650. 

• Huis Het Veld PI, van Asten F, Kuijpers RWAM, Rothova A, de Jong EK, Hoyng CB. ADALIMUMAB THERAPY FOR REFRACTORY BIRDSHOT CHORIORETINOPATHY. Retina. 2019 Nov;39(11):2189-2197. doi: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000002281. PMID: 30067605. 

• Pohlmann D, Macedo S, Stübiger N, Pleyer U, Joussen AM, Winterhalter S. Multimodal Imaging in Birdshot Retinochoroiditis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2017 Oct;25(5):621-632. doi: 10.1080/09273948.2017.1375532. PMID: 29083980. 

MFC-PU/PIC

• Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN) Working Group. Classification Criteria for Multifocal Choroiditis With Panuveitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 2021 Aug;228:152-158. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2021.03.043. Epub 2021 May 11. PMID: 33845016; PMCID: PMC8559518. 

• Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN) Working Group. Classification Criteria for Punctate Inner Choroiditis. Am J Ophthalmol. 2021 Aug;228:275-280. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2021.03.046. Epub 2021 Apr 15. PMID: 33845011; PMCID: PMC8675391 

• Papasavvas I, Neri P, Mantovani A, Herbort CP Jr. Idiopathic multifocal choroiditis (MFC): aggressive and prolonged therapy with multiple immunosuppressive agents is needed to halt the progression of active disease. An offbeat review and a case series. J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect. 2022 Jan 10;12(1):2. doi: 10.1186/s12348-021-00278-8. PMID: 35001171; PMCID: PMC8743334.

• de Groot EL, Ten Dam-van Loon NH, de Boer JH, Ossewaarde-van Norel J. The efficacy of corticosteroid-sparing immunomodulatory therapy in treating patients with central multifocal choroiditis. Acta Ophthalmol. 2020 Dec;98(8):816-821. doi: 10.1111/aos.14473. Epub 2020 May 15. PMID: 32410393; PMCID: PMC7754275. 

• Niederer RL, Gilbert R, Lightman SL, Tomkins-Netzer O. Risk Factors for Developing Choroidal Neovascular Membrane and Visual Loss in Punctate Inner Choroidopathy. Ophthalmology. 2018 Feb;125(2):288-294. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2017.09.002. Epub 2017 Oct 6. PMID: 28993011.

MEWDS

• Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN) Working Group. Classification Criteria For Multiple Evanescent White Dot Syndrome. Am J Ophthalmol. 2021 Aug;228:198-204. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2021.03.050. Epub 2021 Apr 15. PMID: 33845025; PMCID: PMC8594763.

• Papasavvas I, Mantovani A, Tugal-Tutkun I, Herbort CP Jr. Multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS): update on practical appraisal, diagnosis and clinicopathology; a review and an alternative comprehensive perspective. J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect. 2021 Dec 18;11(1):45. doi: 10.1186/s12348-021-00279-7. PMID: 34921620; PMCID: PMC8684571. 

• Ramakrishnan MS, Patel AP, Melles R, Vora RA. Multiple Evanescent White Dot Syndrome: Findings from a Large Northern California Cohort. Ophthalmol Retina. 2021 Sep;5(9):850-854. doi: 10.1016/j.oret.2020.11.016. Epub 2020 Nov 30. PMID: 33271345.

APMPPE

• Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN) Working Group. Classification Criteria for Acute Posterior Multifocal Placoid Pigment Epitheliopathy. Am J Ophthalmol. 2021 Aug;228:174-181. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2021.03.056. Epub 2021 Apr 9. PMID: 33845024; PMCID: PMC8594760.

• Testi I, Vermeirsch S, Pavesio C. Acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE). J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect. 2021 Nov 1;11(1):31. doi: 10.1186/s12348-021-00263-1. PMID: 34524577; PMCID: PMC8443720.

• Zhang AY, Han IC, Goldberg MF. Renaming of Acute Posterior Multifocal Placoid Pigment Epitheliopathy (APMPPE) to Acute Multifocal Placoid Choroidopathy (AMP-C). JAMA Ophthalmol. 2017 Mar 1;135(3):185. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2016.5325. PMID: 28097335.

• Papasavvas I, Mantovani A, Herbort CP Jr. Acute Posterior Multifocal Placoid Pigment Epitheliopathy (APMPPE): A Comprehensive Approach and Case Series: Systemic Corticosteroid Therapy Is Necessary in a Large Proportion of Cases. Medicina (Kaunas). 2022 Aug 8;58(8):1070. doi: 10.3390/medicina58081070. PMID: 36013537; PMCID: PMC9415092.

• Niederer RL, Samalia PD, Chen YH, Goh JK, Cornish EE, Guest S, McCluskey PJ, Lim LL, Sims JL, Lightman S, Tomkins-Netzer O. Acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy: clinical presentation and risk of stroke and transient ischaemic attack. Br J Ophthalmol. 2023 Jan 19:bjophthalmol-2022-321517. doi: 10.1136/bjo-2022-321517. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36657959.

• Steptoe PJ, Pearce I, Beare NAV, Sreekantham S, Mohammed BR, Barry RJ, Denniston AK, Murray PI. Clinical Outcomes of Observed and Treated Acute Posterior Multifocal Placoid Pigment Epitheliopathy and Relentless Placoid Chorioretinitis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2023 May 3:1-7. doi: 10.1080/09273948.2023.2195934. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37134304.

Coroiditis serpiginosa

• Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN) Working Group. Classification Criteria for Serpiginous Choroiditis. Am J Ophthalmol. 2021 Aug;228:126-133. 

• Dutta Majumder P, Biswas J, Gupta A. Enigma of serpiginous choroiditis. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2019 Mar;67(3):325-333. doi: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_822_18. PMID: 30777946; PMCID: PMC6407399.

• Akpek EK, Baltatzis S, Yang J, Foster CS. Long-term immunosuppressive treatment of serpiginous choroiditis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2001 Sep;9(3):153-67.

• Abrez H, Biswas J, Sudharshan S. Clinical profile, treatment, and visual outcome of serpiginous choroiditis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2007 Jul-Aug;15(4):325-35

Maculopatía placoide persistente

• Kolomeyer AM, Brucker AJ. PERSISTENT PLACOID MACULOPATHY: A Systematic Review. Retina. 2018 Oct;38(10):1881-1895. doi: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000002284. PMID: 30148750. 

• Golchet PR, Jampol LM, Wilson D, Yannuzzi LA, Ober M, Stroh E. Persistent placoid maculopathy: a new clinical entity. Ophthalmology. 2007 Aug;114(8):1530-40