1.4: What are Diversity and Critical Mass, since Grutter (2003) and Fisher (2016)
Garces, L. M., & Jayakumar, U. M. (2014). Dynamic Diversity: Toward a Contextual Understanding of Critical Mass. Educational Researcher, 43(3), 115–124. doi:10.3102/0013189X14529814
Jayakumar, U. M. & Garces, L. M. (Eds.) (2015). Affirmative action and racial equity: Considering the Fisher case to forge the path ahead. New York, NY: Routledge
Park, J. J. (2013). When diversity drops. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
Park, J. J., Denson, N., & Bowman, N. A. (2013). Does socioeconomic diversity make a difference? Examining the effects of racial and socioeconomic diversity on the campus climate for diversity. American Educational Research Journal, 50(3), 466–496. doi:10.3102/0002831212468290
Diversity
Bowman, N. A. (2010). College diversity experiences and cognitive development: A meta-analysis. Review of Educational Research, 80(1), 4–33. doi:10.3102/0034654309352495
Bowman, N. A. (2011). Promoting participation in a diverse democracy: A meta-analysis of college diversity experiences and civic engagement. Review of Educational Research, 81(1), 29–68. doi:10.3102/0034654310383047
Chang, M. J, Denson, N., Sáenz, V., & Misa, K. (2005). The educational benefits of sustaining cross-racial interaction among undergraduates. UC Berkeley: Center for Studies in Higher Education. Retrieved from https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2d83s4q0
Denson, N., & Chang, M. J. (2009). Racial diversity matters: The impact of diversity-related student engagement and institutional context. American Educational Research Journal, 46(2), 322–353. doi:10.3102/0002831208323278
Milem, J. F. (2003). The educational benefits of diversity: Evidence from multiple sectors. In M. J. Chang, D. Witt, J. Jones, K. Hakuta (Eds.). Compelling interest:
Examining the evidence on racial dynamics in colleges and universities. (pp. 126-169). Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Park, J. J. (2015). Asian Americans and the benefits of campus diversity:
Vue, R., Haslerig, S. J., & Allen, W. R. (2017). Affirming race, diversity, and equity through Black and Latinx students’ lived experiences. American Educational Research Journal, 54(5), 868–903. doi:10.3102/0002831217708550
Critical Mass (and Campus Racial Climate)
Allen, W. R., & Solorzano, D. (2015). Affirmative action, educational equity and campus racial climate: A case study of the University of Michigan Law School. Berkeley La Raza Law Journal, 12(237). doi:10.15779/Z388D40
Brayboy, B. M. J. (2004). Hiding in the ivy: American Indian students and visibility in elite educational settings. Harvard Educational Review, 74(2), 125-152. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ738609
Byrd, W. C. (2017). Poison in the ivy: Race relations and the reproduction of inequality on elite college campuses. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
Griffin, K. A., Muñiz, M. M., & Espinosa, L. (2012). The influence of campus racial climate on diversity in graduate education. The Review of Higher Education, 35(4), 535-566.
Hurtado, S., Clayton-Pederson, A. R., Allen, W. R., & Milem, J. F. (1998). Enhancing campus climates for racial/ethnic diversity: Educational policy and practice. The Review of Higher Education, 21 (3), 279-302. doi:10.1353/rhe.1998.0003