EARTH SYSTEMS, STRUCTURES, & PROCESSES

WEATHER

5.E.1 Understand weather patterns and phenomena, making connections to the weather in a particular place and time. 

5.E.1.1 Compare daily and seasonal changes in weather conditions (including wind speed and direction, precipitation, and temperature) and patterns.

5.E.1.2 Predict upcoming weather events from weather data collected through observation and measurements.  

5.E.1.3 Explain how global patterns such as the jet stream and water currents influence local weather in measurable terms such as temperature, wind direction and speed, and precipitation. 

5.E.1.1  Students know that weather can change from day to day, and that many factors are measured to describe and predict weather conditions.  (EG: wind speed and direction, precipitation, temperature and air pressure).  Students know that in different latitudes and hemispheres there are different (and sometimes opposite) seasonal weather patterns. 

5.E.1.2  Students know that one can collect and compare weather data in order to predict the likelihood of a particular weather condition occurring.  Students know how to read basic weather instruments:  thermometer, barometer, anemometer, wind vane, and rain gauge.  Students also can identify atmospheric conditions (presence and type of clouds [stratus, cirrus, cumulous], fronts) that are associated with predictable weather patterns.  Students can make basic weather predictions using these skills. 

5.E.1.3  Students know that local weather conditions are influenced by global factors such as air and water currents.  The jet stream is an air current in the upper atmosphere, located over North America that has a powerful influence on the weather conditions there.  The jet stream flows from the west to the east and changes location depending on global conditions.  The Gulf stream is a warm water surface current in the Atlantic ocean that moves from south of Florida up the eastern seaboard and then across the Atlantic.  The Gulf stream moderates weather along the eastern seaboard, warming the air and land there during the cooler months.  In the Pacific, there is an oscillation of water temperatures known as El Nino/La Nina.  This oscillation impacts the climate of North and South America for long periods of time.  Hurricanes are major storms that form over warm ocean water and are caused by global weather patterns.